15春《阅读IV》作业2.docx

1、15春阅读IV作业215IV2 25 100 1. The meeting will begin at 9:00 according to the _.A. calendarB. scheduleC. columnD. diagram-B 2. Anyone meeting Matthew Daniels for the first time could easily assume that he is the product of a conventional, even privileged childhood. With his well-spoken manner, his Ivy L

2、eague education, and his business card reading President, Massachusetts Family Institute, Mr. Daniels is the picture of youthful American success. But Daniels can tell a story that refutes those assumptions about his childhood. His father abandoned the family when he was 2. His mother took a job as

3、a secretary. But on her way home one evening she was mugged, sustaining injuries that eventually left her unable to work, the family went on welfare. Growing up in New Yorks Spanish Harliem, Daniels was one of only four white students until ninth grade. Despite a difficult environment, he stayed out

4、 of trouble. He even won a full scholarship to Dartmouth College, graduating in 1985. How did he do it? He credits his mothers religious faith. Its why I didnt end up like the guys in my neighborhood, he says. Some went to prison. Although his father, a writer, didnt support the family, he maintaine

5、d contact with his son, emphasizing the importance of books and education. Because of his experience, Daniels has become a passionate advocate of the two-parent family. He sees it as an institution under cultural siege, generally supported by the person in the street but too often dismissed by those

6、 in academic and media circles. Some of the groups, he says, have miscalculated the social consequences of trying to convince people that there are all sorts of alternative family forms. Even during law school, he encountered professors who were openly hostile to the idea that we need two-parent fam

7、ilies to have a healthy society. Reporters and academics may not be the only ones ambivalent about marriage. A new study of college textbooks finds that many texts on marriage paint a pessimistic view. They emphasize divorce and domestic violence, the report says, and focus far more on adult relatio

8、nships and problems than on childrens needs. Question:The passage discusses _.A. Danielss lifeB. the need for two-parent familyC. the importance of educationD. one parent family-B 3. _, the new medicine is now in mass production.A. With the solved problemB. With this problem being solvedC. With the

9、problem solvedD. With the problem to solve-C 4. I wondered _ to come to the party.A. whether he should have been askedB. whether he should askedC. whether he was askedD. should he been asked-C 5. Forty to sixty percent of genetically modified organisms are finding their way to the produce department

10、s. That process involves taking a gene from one plant or animal and putting it in another. So now, we make these changes in the laboratory and put these changes back into corn by the new technology, Dr. Curtis Hannah said.Not all consumers are pleased that researchers are tinkering with food that fi

11、nds its way to American dinner tables. Opponents say that some produce is laced with pesticide to make them drug resistant. Labeling advocate Jodette Green said that foods that have been genetically engineered need to be labeled.A Massachusetts watchdog group said that a local supermarket chain is s

12、elling a pancake mix containing genetically engineered ingredients that arent listed on the label.News Center 5s Rhondella Richardson reports that MassPIRG launched its Safe Food Campaign on Thursday, calling for accurate labeling and better testing of genetically modified food.MassPIRG said that pa

13、ckages of Shaws Pancake Mix contain GM food, but they arent labeled as such. Theres no info about the potentially dangerous DNA contained in this pancake mix, Jill Rubin of MassPIRG said at an afternoon press conferenceCereal and many soy and corn products are genetically modified, but they often do

14、nt say so on the label. There are not rules or regulations requiring such information on nutrition labels.MassPIRG believes that childhood ear and sinus infections could soon be incurable and that the consumption of genetically engineered food creates more food allergies.Shaws pancake mix has not ca

15、used any known health problems, but many feel that better labeling shouldnt be too hard for a store to swallow. I want to know whats in everything I buy, shopper Alexander Grieco said. I have high blood pressure and high cholesterol.MassPIRG targeted Shaws Supermarkets in its campaign because the Sh

16、aws parent company in London has voluntarily removed all genetically engineered ingredients from its store brand products.A local Shaws spokesperson said that in England, there was a lack of direction from the government on what to do when consumers questioned product safety. The Food and Drug Admin

17、istration has found nothing unsafe so far, and Shaws awaits direction from the FDA before any product is recalled. Question:Which of the following statements is true?A. It has been strictly regulated that genetically engineered foods should be labeled as such.B. Shaws pancake mix didnt provide infor

18、mation about the potentially dangerous DNA contained.C. Shaws pancake mix has been proven safe and neednt be labeled.D. there was a specific direction from the government on what to do when consumers questioned product safety.-B 6. We substitute fish _ meat several times a week.A. forB. withC. toD.

19、and-A 7. _ in a peasant family, Jack always likes farm work.A. Brought inB. Brought upC. Brought aboutD. Brought out-B 8. It is time the government _ the law into effect.A. is puttingB. putC. putsD. will put-B 9. From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which

20、 of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in effect, playing a complicated and potentially very dangerous game with its environment, discomfort or destruction. This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals

21、would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error, for there are too many possible decisions which would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always arranged in favor of the young animal in one way or another. Either the anima

22、l is protected during the early stages of its learning about the world around it, or the knowledge of which way to respond is built into its nervous system from the start. The fact that animals behave sensibly can be attributed partly to what we might call genetic learning, to distinguish it from in

23、dividual learning that an animal does in the cause of its own life time. Genetic learning is learning by a species as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to behave in the right way. However, genetic learning depends upon a prediction that the futu

24、re will more or less exactly resemble the past. The more variable individual experience is likely to be, the less efficient is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.

25、 In the great majority of animals, behavior is a compound of individual experience and genetic learning to behave in particular ways. Question:Genetic learning refers to _.A. learning after an animal is bornB. learning obtained by some members of each generation who happen to behave properlyC. learn

26、ing gained by all the members in a speciesD. learning gained by young animals from their experience-B 10. From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack and when to run away.

27、The animal is, in effect, playing a complicated and potentially very dangerous game with its environment, discomfort or destruction. This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error,

28、for there are too many possible decisions which would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always arranged in favor of the young animal in one way or another. Either the animal is protected during the early stages of its learning about the world around it, or the knowledge of which

29、 way to respond is built into its nervous system from the start. The fact that animals behave sensibly can be attributed partly to what we might call genetic learning, to distinguish it from individual learning that an animal does in the cause of its own life time. Genetic learning is learning by a

30、species as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to behave in the right way. However, genetic learning depends upon a prediction that the future will more or less exactly resemble the past. The more variable individual experience is likely to be, th

31、e less efficient is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning. In the great majority of animals, behavior is a compound of individual experience and genetic learning to behave in particular ways. Question:Most animals survive because they can make right decisions by _.A. a series of trials and errorsB. knowledge obtained in their life timeC. the nervous systemD. genetic learning and individual exp