高中英语语法一点通名词性从句.docx

1、高中英语语法一点通名词性从句高中英语语法一点通名词性从句知识清单1、名词性从句的定义、分类及特征在句中起到名词所能充当的句子成分的从句称之为名词性从句，名词常用来作主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此，对应的名词性从句可以分为四大类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。类别特征主语从句1、作句子主语的从句叫作主语从句。2、为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句，把主语从句置于句尾。常用的句型有：It is/was+形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句。Whether he can come to the party on time depends on the traffic.Its

2、 a great pity that they didnt get married.It is true that the man on the left is a well-known writer here.It is required that all members be present.宾语从句1、作句子宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词或者介词的宾语。2、某些结构中可用it作形式宾语：（1）动词make, find, think, feel, consider, believe等后面接宾语补足语时，常用的结构为：动词+it+宾语补足语（形容词或者名词）+宾语从句；

3、（2）有些表示好恶的动词，如：like, appreciate, dislike等带宾语从句时，需要在宾语从句前加it。3、that引导宾语从句，一般不充当介词的宾语，但可作in和except的宾语，其它介词后要用形式宾语it。Hearing that his son was badly wounded, he hurried to the hospital to see him.There was a discussion about whether the proposal was practical.I think it necessary that we take plenty of

4、boiled water every day.I would appreciate it very much if you helped me with it.Your composition is well written except that there are some spelling mistakes.You can depend on it that he will come to our aid.表语从句位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。The problem is who is to pay and when we can start.同位语从句同位语从句说明其前面名词的

5、具体内容。通常由that引导，常接同位语从句的名词有：news, conclusion, possibility, rumor, certainty, story, word, mystery, idea, doubt, hope, truth, question, belief, fact, message, evidence, information, explanation, rule, probability, question, wish, thought, statement, report, opinion, principle等。The news that the United

6、 States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.2、名词性从句引导词的用法连接词that, whether, if, as if, as though连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever连接副词when, where, how, why1. that的用法that在句中没有意义，

7、在从句中不充当句子成分，只起到连接的作用。It is decided that the meeting should be put off till next Monday.that引导动词后的宾语从句时，可以省略，但引导其它名词性从句时，不可以省略。但如果宾语从句是并列句时，引导第二个分句的that不可以省略。He said (that) he was late for school again and that the teacher would punish him.2. whether/if的用法whether可以引导四种名词性从句，if只能引导宾语从句和不放在句首的主语从句，即用it

8、作形式主语。在下列情况下只能用whether引导宾语从句：（1）作介词宾语；（2）whether.or (not)结构中；（3）后接动词不定式。The question is whether they can take our advice.It is still a question whether they can take our advice.Whether they can take our advice is a question.It is doubtful whether/if they can take our advice.I dont care whether he wi

9、ll come or not.I am not interested in whether youll come or not.I dont know whether to accept his offer.3. as if/as though的用法as if/as though表示“似乎、好像”的意思，只引导名词从句中的表语从句。She looked as if she had been working hard for a long time.4. 连接代词连接代词不仅起到连接主从句的作用，而且在名词性从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语。The question is who can tak

10、e his place.We are so upset about what we should do next.Whoever is late for the meeting should be punished.特别提醒：1、引导名词性从句时，what相当于all that，所以what前不需要在出现先行词。2、连接代词whatever，whoever虽然在意思上相当于no matter what，no matter who，但是二者在用法上有一定区别，前者既可以引导名词性从句又可以引导让步状语从句，后者只可以引导让步状语从句。I wont believe whatever the dis

11、honest man says.Whatever he says, I wont go with him.=No matter what he says, I wont go with him.5. 连接副词连接副词不仅起到连接主从句的作用，而且在名词性从句中充当状语。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.They couldnt understand why I refused it.The problem is where we should stay.难点突破1、what的用法what有时保留它原有的疑问意义，表示“

12、什么”；有时作双重连接代词，相当于all that或the thing that；what本身已包括先行词，所以前面无需再用先行词。I dont know what she is doing.（疑问代词）I understood what he said.（连接代词）All what he said was reasonable.（错）What he said was reasonable.（正）All that he said was reasonable.（正）That is a car what I cant afford. （错）That is a car that (which) I

13、 cant afford.（正）2、who/whom与whoever/whomever的区别who/whom意为“谁”，引导名词性从句时，带有疑问色彩。whoever/whomever意为“无论谁、任何人”，相当于anyone who/whom，没有疑问色彩。Who will take the position is under discussion.Whoever takes the position should be responsible for our company.3、what/whatever与which/whichever的区别what/whatever意为“什么/无论什么”

14、，描述的事物在上下文中没有范围；which/whichever意为“哪个/无论哪个”，描述的事物在上下文中有范围。To be honest, I can hardly understand what/whatever you have said.Here is the dress. This is what I have been dreaming of.Here are many beautiful dresses. I dont know which I like.Here are many beautiful dresses. You can choose whichever you l

15、ike.4、because和why引导表语从句because引导表语从句时，表示原因；why引导表语从句时，表示结果。Jim got up late. That was because the clock went wrong.The clock went wrong. That was why Jim got up late.解题秘诀名词性从句四部曲1、分析主句缺少的句子成分，进而确定考查四种名词性从句中哪一种名词性从句。2、分析名词性从句所缺句子成分：（1）缺少主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语；（2）缺少状语，表示疑问；（3）不缺少句子成分，名词性从句句子成分完整。3、缺少主语、宾语、表

16、语、宾语补足语、定语，选用连接代词；缺少状语，表示疑问；选用连接副词；不缺少句子成分，名词性从句句子成分完整，选用that或者whether/if。4、结合每个引导词的意义和用法区别，确定使用某个具体的引导词。易错题型( ) 1. Nowadays consumers become more and more practical and buy only _ they need.A. where B. which C. when D. what( ) 2. Shed like to offer money to _needs it to continue his or her study.A.

17、 who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever( ) 3. -If you are admitted to a key university, _ as a prize? - Im looking for a cell phone.A. What you expect your father will offer youB. Do you expect what your father will offer youC. What do you expect will your father offer youD. What do you expect your fath

18、er will offer you( ) 4. Yesterday he sold out all his stamps at _ he thought was a reasonable price. A. that B. which C. what D. as( ) 5. Generally speaking, _ we have seen seems more believable than _ we have been told.A. what; that B. what; what C. that; what D. that; that( ) 6. After three days w

19、aiting, there was a little doubt in the mothers mind _ the police could find her lost child.A. how B. that C. where D. whether( ) 7. “Sustainable development” is a question _ we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment. A. why B. when C. that D. how( ) 8. Wed like to do _ w

20、e can _ the poor. A. how; help B. all; to helpC. whatever; help D. however; to help( ) 9. My parents used _they had to get a new car for my brother. A. which B. all what C. what D. 不填( ) 10. She was so angry at all _ he was doing _ she stayed up all night. A. that; that B. that; which C. what; that

21、D. what; as( ) 11. After _ seemed ages, the newsman disclosed the facts. A. there B. which C. what D. that( ) 12. Our school is no longer _it was 10 years ago, _ it was not well equipped.A. what; which B. that; which C. what; when D. that; where( ) 13. Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. O

22、nly by changing _we live can we save the earth. A. that B. what C. how D. where( ) 14. Thinking that you know_in fact you dont is a serious mistakeA. what B. that C. when D. however( ) 15. Energy is _ makes things work. A. what B. everything C. something D. anything( ) 16. One of the men held the vi

23、ew _the book said was right.A. that what B. what that C. that D. whether( ) 17. I think that this meal was well worth_was charged for it.A. that B. what C. which D. how many( ) 18. Please read _you like. A. whatever B. no matter what C. that all D. all what( ) 19. Though he knew little about thefiel

24、d, he succeeded_other more experimenters failed.A. whichB. that C. whatD. where( ) 20. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders_will happen to her private life.A. it B. that C. what D. this( ) 21. The news has spread all over the country_the spaceship succeeded in returning to the earth.A

25、. that B. which C. whether D. what( ) 22. You can choose _ book you like among these.A. no matter what B. whatever C. whose D. whichever( ) 23. _we cant understand is _he didnt join us in our discussion.A. That; why B. Which; how C. What; what D. What; why( ) 24. Loulan city is not at all _a travele

26、r who has never seen the desert before can expect.A. what B. that C .which D. where( ) 25. What the doctor is uncertain about is_my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why( ) 26. We should buy our daughter a computer in _ it can help to improve her English

27、. A. which B. that C. what D. whom( ) 27. I wish to have a friend with_shares my hobbies and interests. A. whomever B. no matter who C. whoever D. anyone( ) 28. Why dont you bring_to his attention that you are too busy to do it. A. this B. what C. that D. it( ) 29. The task required_did it_careful a

28、nd brave enough.A. who; is B. whom; wasC. whomever; were D. whoever; be( ) 30. We wrote a letter of thanks to _ had helped us.A. who B. those C. whom D. Whoever( ) 31.- What are you anxious about? - _.A. Whether we can succeed B. If we succeedC. Do you succeed D. That we can succeed( ) 32. The teacher asked _ his students.A. what the matter was with B. which matter was with C. what was the matter with D. what was matter with( ) 33. -I rang you at about ten, but there was no reply. -Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor.A. when B. why C. w