职称英语第六部分 完形填空.docx

1、职称英语第六部分 完形填空第六部分 完形填空第二篇 Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanches is a sudden and rapid flow of snow,often mixed with air and water ,down a mountainside .Avalanches are among the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches caused by an over-burden of material ,typically

2、snowpack ,that is too massive and unstable for the slope that supports it. Determining the critical load ,the amount of over-burden which is likely to cause an avalanche, is a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degre

3、es typically have a low risk of avalanche. Snow does not gather significantly on steep slopes. Also ,snow does not flow easily on flat slopes . human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snows angle of rest is between 35 and 45 degeers; the critical angle , the angle at which th

4、e human incidence of avalanches is greatest ,is 38 degeers .the rule of thumb is :A slope that is flat regardless of the angle . Additionally , avalanches risk increases with use ;that is ,the more a slope is disturbed by skies , the more likely it is that an avalanches will occur .Due to the comple

5、xity of the subject , winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe . Good avalanche safety is a continuous process , including route selection and examination of the snowpack , weather conditions ,and human factors . Several well-known good habits can also reduce the risk . If local autho

6、rities issue avalanche risk reports , they should be considered and all warnings should be paid attention to . Never follow in the tracks of others with out your own evaluation ;snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made .Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche pa

7、ths where plants are missing or damaged . Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche .第四篇 Animals “Sixth Sense”A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December ,2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa . Wild animals , however , see

8、m to have escaped that terrible tsunami . This phenomenon adds weight to notions that they possess a “sixth sense” for disasters ,experts said .Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24000 people along the Indian Ocean islands coast clearly missed wild beasts ,with

9、no dead animals found .“No elephants are dead ,not even a dead rabbit . I think animal can sense disaster. They have a sixth sense .They know when think are happening ,”H.D. Ratnayake , the waves washed floodwater up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast , Sir Lankas bigge

10、st wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.“There has been a lot of apparent evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes .But has not been proven ,”said Matthew van Lierop , an animal behavior specialist at Johannesburg

11、 Zoo .“There have been no specific studies because you cant really test it in a lab or field setting ,”he told Reuters . Other authorities concurred with this assessment .“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain phenomenon , especially birds.they are many reports of birds detecting impending dis

12、aster ,”said Clive Walker , who has written several books on African wildlife .Animal certainly rely on the known senses such as small or hearing to avoid danger such as predators.The notion of an animal “sixth sense “-or some other mythical power is an enduring one which the evidence on sir Lankasr

13、avaged coast is likely to add to .The Romans saw owls as omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animal endowed with special power or attributes. 第七篇 An Intelligent CarDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the br

14、ain. Many human drivers have all these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself?There is a virtual driver in the smart car.This virtual driver has “eyes”,“brains”,“hands”and “feet”,too. The minicameras on each side of the car are his “eyes”,which obserbe the

15、road conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the cars left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual drivers “brain”.His “brain” calculates the speeds of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. B

16、asing on this information,it chooses the right path for the intelligent car,and gives instructions to the “hands”and “feet” to act accordingly. In this way,the virtual driver controls his car. What is the virtual drivers best advantage? He reacts quickly .The minicameras are sending images continuou

17、sly to the“brain”.It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.However,the worlds best driver at least needs one second to react. Besides,when he takes action,he needs one more second.The wirtual driver is really wonderful.He can reduce the accident rate considerably on expressw

18、ays.In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place?Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited .He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.第八篇 A Biological Clock Every living thing has what scientists call a bi

19、ological clock that controls behavior. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to leave the protective cocoons and fly away, and it tells animals and human beings when to eat, sleep and wake.Events outside the plant and animal af

20、fect the actions of some biological clocks. Scientists recently found, for example,that a tiny animal changes the color of its fur because of the number of hours of daylight. In the short days of winter, its fur becomes white. The fur becomes gray brown in color in the longer hours of daylight in su

21、mmer.Inner signals control other biological clocks. German scientists found that some kind of internal clock seems to order birds to begin their long migration flight twice each year. Birds prevented from flying become restless when it is time for the trip, but they become calm again when the time o

22、f the flight has ended.Scientists say they are beginning to learn which parts of the brain contain biological clocks. An American researcher, Martin Moorhead, said a small group of cells near the front of the brain seems to control the timing of some of our actions. These cells tell a person when to

23、 awaken, when to sleep and when to seek food. Scientists say there probably are other biological clock cells that control other body activities.Dr. Moorhead is studying how our biological clocks affect the way we do our work. For example, most of us have great difficulty if we must often change to d

24、ifferent work hours.It can take many days for a human body to accept the major change in work hours. Dr.Moorhead said industrial officials should have a better understanding of biological clocks and how they affect workers. He said such understanding could cut sickness and accidents at work and woul

25、d help increase a factorys production.第一篇 Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted, but DNA testing has finally ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved form the bone of British exporer Captain James Cook who died in the Sandwich Island in 1779. “There is no C

26、ook in the Australian Museum ,”museum collection manager Jude Philipe said no long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was no made of Cooks bone .But will no stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its exhibition, “Uncovered:Treasures of the Australian Museum,”which doe

27、s include a feather capepresented to Cook by Hawaiia King Kalaniopuu in 1778.Cook was one of Britain ,s great exporers and is credited with discovering the “Great South Land,” now Australia,in 1770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Island ,now Hawaii.The legend of Cooks arrow began in 1824 whe

28、n Hawaiia King Kamehameha on his deathbed gave the the arrow to Williaw Adams ,a London surgeon and relative of Cooks wife ,saying it was made of Cooks bone after the fatal fight with islangers.In the 1980s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued until it came face-to-f

29、ace with scince.DNA testing by aboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cooks bone but was more likely made of animal bone,said Philp.However ,Cooks fans refuse to give up hope the one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be Uncovered

30、 ,as they say there is evidence not all of Cooks body was buried at sea in 1779. “On this occasion technology has won ,” said Cliff Thornton, president of the Captain Cook Society, in a statement from Britain. But I am sure that one of these days one of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it

31、will happen one day .”第六篇 Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely Speeding off in a stolen car , the thief thinks he has a great catch . But he is in a naty surprise . The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer ,and a radio signal form a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switc

32、hes the engine off , he will not be able to start it again .For now,such devices are only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites.But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinart cars,and should be abailable to ordinary cars in the UK in tuo months.The idea goes like this.A control box fitted to the car incorporates a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory,and a GPS satellite positioning receiver.If the car is stolen,a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicles engine manag