ShippingTrading and Chartering and TermsDefinitionsTZ.docx

1、ShippingTrading and Chartering and Terms DefinitionsTZShipping、Trading and Chartering and Terms Definitions 国际贸易、航运和租船条款解说Terms Definitions术语 注释 TT-floor Interior floor in a reefer, so named because of the longitudinal T-shaped rails which support the cargo and form a plenum for air flow beneath the

2、 cargo （冷冻集装箱的）T型底板。冷冻集装箱内的底板，所以这样命名是因为：纵向的T型轨，它支撑货物并构成压缩气体在货物下的流通Tare weight The weight of packing material or, in carload shipments, the weight of the empty freight car, or the weight of a container. 自重，皮重。包装材料的重量，或运货车辆的空车重量，或集装箱（空箱）的重量Tare weight of container Mass of an empty container including

3、all fittings and appliances associated with that particular type of container on its normal operating condition 集装箱自重，集装箱皮重。包括附件的空集装箱和装有关联设备的特种集装箱在正常工作状态下的（质量）重量Tariff A publication setting forth the charges, rates and rules of transportation companies 船公司公开发布的费用、费率和规则（规定）Tender The offer of goods f

4、or transportation or the offer to place cars or containers for loading orunloading 报价。货物运输报价或提供车辆或集装箱装卸报价Tenor Time and date for payment of a draft 期限。汇票支付（兑现）的时间和日期Terminal An assigned area in which cargoes or containersare prepared for loading into a vessel, train,truck, or airplane, or are stacke

5、d immediately afterdischarge from the vessel, train, truck orairplane. 一个指定用于货物或集装箱待装船、火车、汽车或飞机，或者将从船、火车、汽车或飞机上卸下的货物或集装箱立即堆存起来的地方Terminal charge A charge made for a service performed in a carriers terminal area. 码头（操作）费。承运人为提供码头服务而征收的费用Terminal handling charge A charge of carriers for recovering the

6、 costs of handling FCLs at container terminals at origin or destination 码头操作费。承运人为补偿起运/目的港码头操作成本而征收的费用Terminal receiving charge A charge assessed by the terminal for cargoes being delivered for export 码头收货费(集装箱收货)。由码头收取的出口货物操作费Temperature recorder A device to record temperature in a container while

7、cargo is enroute 温度记录仪。一种记录运输途中集装箱内货物温度的装置Terms of sale The point at which sellers have fulfilled their obligations so the goods in legal sense could be said to have been delivered to the buyer. 货物交接地点条款。货物交接地点是指：从法律意义上讲卖方已完成了他们向买方交货义务的地点 （如：EXW 工厂交货、FOB,CIF）Through rate The total rate from the poin

8、t of origin to final destination 直达运费，联运运费，全程运费从起点到目的地的全部运费 Through service A combination of transportation by sea and land services to/from the point of origin to final destination. 联合运输，多式联运。用海运和陆运的方式（将货物）从起运点运往最终目的地，或相反，从目的地运往起运地的联合运输Throughput charge The charge for moving a container through a c

9、ontainer yard off or onto a ship 集装箱全程（服务）费。将集装箱运出装箱堆场并装上船或将集装箱从船上卸下并运进集装箱堆场的全程费收Tide The periodic rise and fall of water level in theocean 潮汐。海水水平面周期性涨落 Tier A horizontal division of a vessel from bottom to top. The numbers run from bottom to deck and from deck upwards and are used as part of thein

10、dication of a stowage place for containers层级，层。从船舱底到顶部的水平分隔线，多条从舱底到甲板、再向上的水平分隔线是用于标示集装箱装载位置的区隔线Tier on weight Container stacking according to weight 按重量(大小)堆放集装箱Time bar Time after which legal claims will not be entered（索赔）时效，期限。超过就不能索赔的期限Time charter Owners agree to hire a particular ship for a set

11、 length of time and provide technical management, crewing etc. 期租。船东同意在规定的期限出租特定的船舶并提供技术管理和船员，船员管理等事项Ton-mile A unit used in comparing freight earnings or expenses. The amount earned from the cost of hauling a ton of freight on mile 吨/英里。用于（计算）比较运费支出或收入的单位。将一吨货物拖运一英里的费用额 （or: The movement of a ton o

12、f freight one mile. 一吨货物一英里的移动）Top-Air Delivery A type of air circulation in a container. In top air units, air is drawn from the bottom of the container, filtered through the evaporator for cooling and then forced through the ducted passages along the top of the container. This type of airflow requ

13、ires a special loading pattern （冷冻集装箱）顶部送风。一种（冷冻）集装箱气体循环方式。（冷冻集装箱）顶部装置从集装箱内底部抽吸空气通过蒸发器冷却后，通过强制经过集装箱顶部管道（达到制冷的目的）。这种通风方式要求规范装箱 Topsides The sides of a ship between the waterline and the deck; sometimes referring to onto or above thedeck 干舷，（装）甲板上。船舶水线到甲板之间的部分；有时指甲板上或（货物装在甲板上Towage The charge made for

14、 towing a vessel 拖船费。拖带船舶的费用Tractor Units of highway motive power used to pull one or more trailers/containers 拖车,牵引车。用于拖带一个或多个拖架/集装箱的公路机动车辆Tramp A freighter vessel that does not run in any regular trade lane but takes cargo wherever the shippers desire. 不定期船，租船。不在固定航线上营运，只按发货人要求运送货物到任何地方的运输船舶Tramp

15、line An ocean carrier company operating vessels not on regular runs or schedules. They call at any port where cargo may be available 不定期船公司。不按常规航线或船期经营船舶运输的承运人。他们靠泊任何有货物的港口Tramp Service Vessels operating without a fixed itinerary or schedule or charter contract 不定期船(运输), 不定期航线。没有固定航线或船期或租船合同的船运服务Tra

16、nsport To move cargo from one place to another 运输，货运。把货物从一个地点移动到另一个地点Transportation & exit Allows foreign merchandise arriving at one port to be transported in bond through the U.S. to be exported from another port, without paying duty. 过境（监管）运输。允许外国货物（商品）从美国一个港口入境，在监管下通过美国另一个港口出境而不征收关税Transship To

17、transfer goods from one transportation line to another, or from one ship to another转船，转载。将货物从一条航线转往另一条航线或从一条船转装上一艘船Transshipment A shipping arrangement in which a shipment is discharged of the vessel at an intermediate port enroute and subsequently reloaded to another vessel for carriage to its fina

18、l destinational转船，转运。一票货物在中途港口卸下然后再装上另一艘船运往其最终目的地的运输安排Transhipment Hub A port which is employed by a carrier for transshipping its carriers from one transportation line (trade lane) to another (中转港，转船港)，换船港。承运人用来将其承运船舶从一条航线（贸易航线）转移到另一条航线的港口 Transit port （transshipment port） A port where cargoes rece

19、ived are merely enroute and from which they have to be transferred and dispatched to their ultimate destination by coasters, barge ans so on转船港。在(远洋货船运输的)途中接收货物并由近洋船舶、驳船等转发到最终目的地的港口Transit time The total time that elapses between a shipments delivery and its pickup 运输时间,航行时间扣除(装卸)收、交货物时间的总运输时间Transm

20、ittal Letter A letter from the shipper to its agent that lists the particulars of a shipment 发运通知书。发货人给发货人代理的信件，信件详列了发运货物的情况Transport International par la Route Road transport operating agreement among European government and the United States for the international movement of cargo by road. Display

21、 of the TIR carnet allow sealed containerloads to cross national frontiers without inspection 美国与欧洲政府间关于国际公路货物运输操作协议。出示TIR证明施封的集装箱允许不经检查就通过国境Trim Fore and aft balance of a ship 调平船舶，船舶均衡，平舱。船舶前后均衡 Turnaround In water transportation, the time it takes between the arrival of a vessel and its departure

22、 船舶停靠港的时间。水上运输中，从一艘船到达到它离开之间的时间 UUCP Uniform Customs and Practice of Documentary Credit. The “bankers Bible” on Documentary Credit Interpretation issued by the International Chamber ofCommerce (I.C.C.) 跟单信用证统一惯例。由国际商会发布的跟单信用证解释，俗称“银行圣经”。UCP500 Revised and updated version of UCP operating fromJanuary

23、 1, 1994 1994年1月1日实行的跟单信用证惯例更新、修订本U flag You are running into danger U旗：你船正在驶入危险区Ullage The space not filled with liquid in a drum or tank（油轮）亏舱，（油轮）舱容损失。油舱或油罐没有注满油Unclaimed freight Freight that has not been called for or picked up by the consignee or owner 无主货物，未领货物。货主或收货人还未提领的货物Undercharge To char

24、ge less than the proper amount 低收费，收费不足。比正常少（低）的收费Underwriter In marine insurance, one who subscribes his name to the policy indicating his acceptance of the liability mentioned therein, in consideration for which he receives by way of a premium 保险人，保险公司。在海运保险中，一个人在保险单上签署他的名字表明他接受保险单的责任，他因此收取保险费Unif

25、orm Customs and Practice of Documentary Credit. The “bankers Bible” on Documentary Credit Interpretation issued by the International Chamber of Commerce (I.C.C.) 跟单信用证统一惯例。由国际商会发布的跟单信用证解释，俗称“银行圣经”。Unit load Package loaded on a pallet, in a crate or any other way that enables them to be handled at on

26、e time as a unit 成组包装，成组装运。将货物包装成一个托盘、板条箱或任何其他包装形式，使货物能一次性成组操作Unit train A train of a specified number of railcars, perhaps 100, wherein they remain in a unit for a designated destination or untill a change in routing is made 列车组。由特殊数量组成的列车组，如：100辆。在到达指定的目的地（站）或直到途中的编组站前他们保持成组状态United Nations Number

27、 (United Nations Dangerous Goods Number) The four-digit number assigned by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods to classify a substance or a particular group of substances. Note: The prefix UN must always be used in conjunction with these numbers.（国际危规的编号）由联合国危

28、险货物运输专家委员会制定的、用于物质分类或物质类别区分的四个数字的数字组。注意：UN必须始终放在这些数字组的前面Unitization 集中化（运输），整体化1.The consolidation of a quantity of individual items into one large shipping unit for easier handling 将单独的货物集中成一个大的单元，以便于运输（操作）2.Loading one or more large items of cargo onto a single piece of equipment, such as a pallet

29、 把一个或多个货物放在单独的（搬运）器具上，如托盘Unless caused by 除非由引起， 除因缘故 （unless caused by the vessel being stranded, sunkor burnt 除非起因于船舶触礁、沉没或焚毁）Unloading / unload Removal of a shipment from a vessel 卸货。从船上卸下货物 VValidated export license A document issued by the U.S. government, authorizes the export of commodities f

30、or which written authorization is required by law 出口许可证。美国政府签发的出口许可文件，法律规定出口许可要求有书面的授权（认可/确认）Validation Authentication of B/L and when B/L become effective 提单确认，使提单有效力Valuation Charges Transportation charges to shippers who declare a value of cargo higher than the value of the carriers limits of lia

31、bility 超值运费，声明价值费。因申报货物价值高于承运人责任价值(承运人负责赔偿的价值)，（承运人）向发货物人收取的费用Vanning A term for stowing cargo into a container 装（集装）箱。将货物装入集装箱的术语Variable costs Costs that vary directly with the level of activity within a short time. Examples include costs of moving cargo inland on trains or trucks, stevedoring in

32、some ports, and short-term equipment leases. For business analysis, all costs are either defined as variable or fixed. For a business to break even, all fixed costs must be covered. To make a profit, all variable and fixed costs must be recovered plus some extra amount 可变成本。在短时间内随操作行为量而直接变化的成本费用。例如：包括了内陆用火车或卡车运输货物、港口搬运和短期租用设备的费用。从业务分析看，所有成本费用既是可变的也是固定的。为了