职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案052416.docx

1、职称英语考试综合类每日一练精选及答案052416职称英语考试综合类每日一练精选及答案0524-161、Status of Teachers in AmericaAt present, in many American cities especially, many teachers in the public schools say they are underpaid. They point to jobs such as secretary or truck driver, which often pay more to start than that of the teacher. In

2、 many other fields, such as law, medicine, computer science, a beginning worker may make more than a teacher who has taught for several year.Teaching has never been a profession that attracted people interested in high salaries. It is by history a profession that has provided rewards in addition to

3、money, the satisfaction of sharing knowledge, of influencing others, of guiding young people. But in the past several years, there are more difficulties in teaching, for many, than there are rewards.Unruly students, who would have chosen teaching as their life career in the past, are going into othe

4、r fields.Another reason for this change in teacher candidates is the changing status of women in the United States. Until the late 1960s and 1970s, one of the most popular choices for women was teaching. But as other professions, such as law and medicine opened up to women, women stopped pouring int

5、o teacher training programs. Thus, a major pool of excellent candidates for the teaching profession dwindled(减少).Bit by bit government officials and others realized that the status of the teacher had suffered. They talked about change. But change in a vast society like the United States is not easy.

6、 Peoples attitudes have formed over many years, and sometimes change takes many years.Which of the following is not a reason that influences women in their decision to become teachers?【单选题】A.How much income the job can pay.B.The changing status of women.C.Less housework for women to do.D.More profes

7、sions opened up to women.正确答案:C答案解析:A选项可以在第2段中找到；B和D选项可以在第4段中找到，只有C选项没有提到。按照常理，选择当老师不可能是由于女人家务事少，因此选C。2、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in d

8、ivorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times and extra

9、marital affairs will be even more common than they are now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on

10、economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didnt have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they dont feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second quest

11、ion, the outlook may not be as pessimistic as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now cohabit and dont bother to marry. These couples are effectively mar

12、ried, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive. The statistics are deceptive because there is a higher number of divorces in second and third marriages than in first marriages.So is marriage really an outdated institution?

13、 The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isnt. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their s

14、ingle counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!What does this is no longer the case in paragraph two mean?【单选题】A.It is not necessary to get married any more.B.Women do not need a husband any longer.C.Women are not economic

15、ally dependant any more.D.Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.正确答案:C答案解析:第2段第4句、第5句说得很清楚，妇女们如今在外工作在经济上不再依赖她们的丈夫，觉得无须维持行失败的婚姻。3、Working Successfully within Cultural BoundariesSoon after starting our job in China, we realized that the greatest challenge we faced would not be our day-to-day

16、 responsibilities but a completely foreign work environment and culture.We were used to the very direct, sometimes confrontational, but more equal style of management in the United States. Here, we were faced with the never-direct, never-confrontational style of management common in Asia.We often he

17、ar similar stories. One woman shared her experience of returning to China after more than 15 years in the US. Although she spent most of her childhood in China, she felt that her colleagues thinking processes were completely foreign to her. She needed to adapt herself to the culture of her company o

18、nly then would she be successful at her job. In the end, she wasnt able to successfully re-adapt herself to the culture. What she didnt realize was that, rather than disagreeing with her ideas, they disagreed with her method of implementing them. For example, instead of recognizing her companys stri

19、ct chain-of-command, she had in one case taken her plan straight to the company chairman. This action consequently caused her superiors to lose face. She had unwittingly broken a cardinal rule of Chinese culture.One man who spent many years overseas before returning to China to head up the local ope

20、rations of a multinational company, had a similar experience. In his first management team meeting, he presented his plans for a new direction in China operations. His request was met with an uncomfortable silence, with none of the managers daring to speak up. They had not been prepared for his open

21、 style of management. Soon he quickly determined that his first on-the-job challenge would be to build up managers confidence in him, and that he had to do this individually, not in a group. Within a year, their management team meetings were transformed into the interactive, brainstorming sessions t

22、hat he intended them to be.Therefore, it wasnt until after we had learned to appreciate the culture of our workplace and earned the confidence and trust of our inferiors that we were able to move forward and successfully do our job. We must first understand and accept a culture for what it is; only

23、then will we be able to successfully work within it.What are the differences in style of management in the USA and China according to the author? In the USA, it is indirect style of management. In China, it is direct. In the USA, it is direct style of management. In China, it is never-direct. In the

24、 USA, it is always confrontational. In China, it is sometimes confrontational. In the USA, it is equal. In China it is unequal.How did the Chinese managers firstly respond to the mans management style?【单选题】A.They all applauded.B.They all disagreed.C.They all kept silent.D.They all showed great inter

25、est.正确答案:C答案解析:根据第4段第3句，“他的提议遇到了令人尴尬的沉默，没有一个经理敢发言”，因此答案是C。4、The Beginning of American LiteratureAmerican has always been a land of beginnings. After Europeans discovered America in the fifteenth century, the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from pov

26、erty and persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northmen who

27、found America about the year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribes literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement, found its expression in

28、 the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English. In addition, the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.Experience, then, is the key t

29、o early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half years on the American continent. They

30、included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd, who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner-they are all the creato

31、rs of the first American literature.What does that hope in the first paragraph refer to?【单选题】A.The hope that America would be discovered.B.The hope to start a new life.C.The hope to see the mysteries of the New World.D.The hope to find poverty here.正确答案:B答案解析:这里的that hope就是指上一句中的a genuine hope ofa n

32、ew life。5、Women Staying in Mini-Skirts for LongerBritish women are happy nowadays to wear mini-skirts up until the age of40, according to research by Debenhams.Just 20 years ago, few women would dare to wear a mini-skirt. after the age of 33, the store said. It shows that women now have an increasing confidence in their bodies and are happy to dress accordingly, it added in a statement. If this trend continues, theres no doubt that, within the next decade, women in their mid 40s and early 50s will rightly regard a mini-skirt as an essential part of their everyday wardrobe. The figures e