任务解题技巧转换 1.docx

1、任务解题技巧转换 1二、命题人到底怎么设题？我在发送给大家邮箱的任务型阅读基本技能讲练十五讲与练中具体意见列出来了。（如何得到此文件，见文末）1）从短语转换入手做此类题首先要理解题意，其次仔细比较原句和题目，明白出题人的意图，只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。1.原文：I hope the new policy can free the students from their piles of homework to make them have a good holiday.转换成表格中：I hope the new policy can _ the students off their pile

2、s of homework to make them have a good holiday.分析：首先要将原文句意理解透彻，题意为：其次分析出题人的意图，找出题眼，本题是如何将题眼free the students from转换为_ the students of。答案为：relieve.2.原文：There is no doubt that her fluent Frenchgives her certain advantages over other students in her class.转换成表格中：There is no doubt that she is _ to other

3、s because her fluent French stands out in her class.分析：本题题意不难理解，即：她流利的法语使她比其他人有优势。出题人的意图是：gives her certain advantages over = be_?_ to others. 答案为：superior3.原文：Dont worry, Ill stay here and keep you company the whole day.转换成表格中：Dont worry, Ill stay here and _ you the whole day.分析：很容易看出本题的意图：keep you

4、 company= _?_. 答案为：accompany2）从同义、反义入手对所给的短语或单词，在空中用与之相反或相近的词或短语来表达。例如：1.原文：Why doesnt the media present a positive view of this splendid city?转换成表格中： Why does the media present such a _ view of this splendidcity?分析：抓住关键词positive，由题意知应该将它转换成反义词。答案为negative。2. 原文：Generally, her work has been good, bu

5、tthis essay is hard to understand.转换成表格中：In general her work has been good, but this essay is hard tounderstand.分析：关键是考虑如何转换generally为in _。答案为：general。3）从词语释义入手对所给的词语释义，在空中用相应的词或短语来表达。首先要理解头原句的意思，充分发挥合理的想象。例如：1.原文：Passengers are requested to leave the aircraft by the emergency doors.转换成表格中：Passenger

6、s are requested to _ from the aircraft by the emergency doors.分析：题目的关键是解决：_ from the aircraft = leave the aircraft。最佳答案为：exit。2. 原文：During certain scenes of the play there isnt any script and the actors just make it up as they perform it.转换成表格中：During certain scenes of the play there isnt any script

7、 and theactors just _.分析：题目的关键是解决是：_ = make it up as they perform it。最佳答案为：improvise。4）从词性转换入手即将一种词类转换成另一种词类，主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单，只要在文中找到关键词即可。例如：1. Keep in mind that exposure of the body to strong sunlight can be harmful.转换成：Be careful that it can be harmful when your body is _ tos

8、trong sunlight.分析：抓住关键词exposure，将它转换为动词的被动语态。答案为exposed。2. It was not profitable for you within the first couple of years of setting up a company.转换成：You dont expect to make much _ within the first couple ofyears of setting up a company.分析：抓住关键词profitable，将此形容词转换为名词，答案为：profit。3. Much of thebooks hu

9、mour is no longer effective when translated.转换成：Much of the books humour has been lost in _.分析：抓住关键词translate，将此动词转换成名词。答案为：translation。5）从归纳概括入手。根据考纲要求，此项能力具体指“根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容”。解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。归纳词的特征有：概括性，在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息；针对性，量体裁衣，大小适度；醒目性，简洁。常见概括性词有：原因：reason, cause；结果：result, effect；目

10、的：aim, purpose；方法：measure, solution, way, method；观点：opinion, view, attitude；异同：differences, similarities；优劣：advantages, disadvantages；其它：time, purpose, behavior, feeling。1.原文： Then how to solve the problems? Thereare numerous ways转换成表格中：_ to the problem. (2009，湖南卷)分析：原文中此段的核心句是第一句：Then how to solve

11、the problems?最佳答案为：Solutions。2.原文：Whatever the task your group is assigned,a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successfulexperienceWhat comes first is to.Secondly,.Thirdly,.转换成表格中的一个词：_.(2008，江苏卷)分析：由first, secondly, thirdly等知这里是讲建议措施。最佳答案为：Suggestions。3.原文：But this system can

12、 do a great deal ofgoodthey can cut heat lossgreen roofs can control temperature.转换成表格中的一个词：_.(2008，湖南卷)分析：由do a great deal of good以及后文的they can.等，知此段讲的的系统的好处。最佳答案为：Benefits或Advantages。三、解题策略第一步：看表初填词这一步非常重要，不用看文章。而且看表格后能至少解决三题。这是笔者总结很多题发现的规律。第二步：定位细转换这个定位一般都是找比较特别的词；如果找不到，请先根据下一题定位，基本就在这题定位句上面。转换的时

13、候，请务必注意形式。四、实战南京市、盐城市 2015届高三年级第一次模拟考试第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Simon Sinek isnaturally shy and doesnt like speaking to crowds. At parties, he says he hidesalone in the corner or doesnt even show up in the first place. He prefers thelatter. Yet, with some 22 million video views under his belt, the

14、 optimisticethnographer also happens to be the third most-watched TED Talks presenter ofall time.Sineksunlikely success as both an inspirational speaker and a bestselling authorisnt just dumb luck. Its the result of fears faced and erased, trial anderror and tireless practice, on and off stage. Here

15、 are his secrets fordelivering speeches that inspire, inform and entertain.Dont talk rightaway.Sinek says youshould never talk as you walk out on stage. “A lot of people start talkingright away, and its out of nerves,” Sinek says. “That communicates a littlebit of insecurity and fear.”Instead,quietl

16、y walk out on stage. Then take a deep breath, find your place, wait a fewseconds and begin. “I know it sounds long and tedious and it feelsexcruciatingly awkward when you do it,” Sinek says, “but it shows the audienceyoure totally confident and in charge of the situation.”Show up to give,not to take

17、.Often peoplegive presentations to sell products or ideas, to get people to follow them onsocial media, buy their books or even just to like them. Sinek calls thesekinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these peopleright away. And, when they do, they disengage.“We are high

18、lysocial animals,” says Sinek. “Even at a distance on stage, we can tell ifyoure a giver or a taker, and people are more likely to trust a giver aspeaker that gives them value, that teaches them something new, that inspiresthem than a taker.”Speakunusually slowly.When you getnervous, its not just yo

19、ur heart beat that quickens. Your words also tend tospeed up. Luckily Sinek says audiences are more patient and forgiving than weknow.“They want youto succeed up there, but the more you rush, the more you turn them off,” hesays. “If you just go quiet for a moment and take a long, deep breath, theyll

20、wait for you. Its kind of amazing.”Turnnervousness into excitement.Sinek learnedthis trick from watching the Olympics. A few years ago he noticed thatreporters interviewing Olympic athletes before and after competing were allasking the same question. “Were you nervous?” And all of the athletes gave

21、thesame answer: “No, I was excited.” These competitors were taking the bodyssigns of nervousness clammy hands, pounding heart and tense nerves andreinterpreting them as side effects of excitement and exhilaration.When youre upon stage you will likely go through the same thing. Thats when Sinek says

22、youshould say to yourself out loud, “Im not nervous, Im excited!”Say thank youwhen youre done.Applause is agift, and when you receive a gift, its only right to express how grateful youare for it. This is why Sinek always closes out his presentations with thesetwo simple yet powerful words: thank you

23、.“They gave youtheir time, and theyre giving you their applause.” Says Sinek. “Thats a gift,and you have to be grateful.”Passage outlineSupporting details(71) to Simon SinekHe is by (72) shy and dislikes making speeches in public.Through his (73) effort, he enjoys great success in giving speeches.Ti

24、ps on delivering speechesAvoid talking (74) for it indicates youre nervous.Keep calm and wait a few seconds before talking, which will create an (75) that you are confident.Try to be a giver rather than a taker because in (76) with a taker, a giver can get more popular and accepted.Teach audience so

25、mething new that they can (77) from.Speak a bit slowly just to help you stay calm.Never speed up while speaking in case you (78) the audience.Switch nervousness to excitement by (79) the example of Olympic athletes.Express your (80) to the audience for their time and applause to conclude your speech

26、.第一步：看表初填词我们至少能填出以下四个空：(71) to Simon SinekTeach audience something new that they can (77) from.Switch nervousness to excitement by (79) the example of Olympic athletes.Express your(80) tothe audience for their time and applause to conclude your speech.先说71空：右栏开头He is遇到这类的如果指人，基本就是人物介绍；如果指物，基本就是defin

27、ition或introduction。77空：翻译一下，他们能_被教授的新知识。加上我们学过的短语：learn from79空：和example搭配的短语很少，除了take, follow就是介词for了，那么结合句意应该是表达“以某人为榜样”。80空：在演讲结束后，向观众表达_,因为他们花了时间来听和鼓掌。根据我们的常识以及express后的常见搭配，肯定是感激之情，故thanks,gratitude, appreciation。第二步：定位细核对表格的题目基本上都是遵循段落循序，如下：（标黄色的为关键词，请读者仔细体会为什么选它们为关键词）a) Simon Sinekis naturall

28、y shyand doesnt like speaking to crowds.=He is by (72) shy and dislikes making speeches in public.By nature =naturally，此题必须拿下的。b) Its theresult of fears faced and erased, trial and error and tireless practiceThrough his(73) effort,he enjoys great success in giving speeches.此题属于送分题，直接原词。c) Dont talk

29、right away. Avoid talking (74) for it indicates youre nervous.Right away= ?短语转换d) which will create an (75) that you are confident.but it shows the audience youre totally confident and in charge of the situation.”此题需要思考一会，根据句意：这向观众显示。=给观众产生一种_?_我相信读者能看出来是“印象”。e) Try to be agiver rather than a taker

30、because in (76) with a taker, a giver can get more popular andaccepted.Sinek calls these kinds of speakers “takers,” and he says audiences can see through these people right away. And, when they do, they disengage.此题既要结合短语搭配，还要结合文意。文章明显是将两种人做比较，而还必须有in _ with这个短语。答案很清楚了。f) but themore you rush, the

31、more you turn them offNever speed upwhile speaking in case you (78) the audience.Turn sb. off =_ sb.这个短语相当有挑战性的，意为“让人厌烦”。答案：71. Introduction 72. nature 73.constant / tireless / continuous 74.immediately / instantly 75. impression 76. comparison / contrast 77.benefit / learn 78. bore / disgust 79.following / copying 80. gratitude / thanks/ appreciation南京市、盐城市 2015届高三年级第一次模拟考试Escape from FoMOHeres a testyou migh