届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十九15页word版.docx

1、届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十九15页word版2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之三十九一When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America, they brought along with them aspects of their own culture religion, dance, language, music, and cuisine. A mix of the two cultures eventua

2、lly appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston, and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns (圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships.These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “th

3、e blues”， which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War. This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry.The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa,

4、but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened the identity of their music that, in the 1950s, eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll. The Beatles, the most influential band of the 1960s, are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the

5、 ideology (意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today. The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music. It was not just music any more, but a lifestyle.Over the decades, music has developed into such a vital part of society and p

6、op culture. Musicians are glorified, with tons of adoring and screaming fans. The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans, as well as the widespread commercialization of music.However, criticisms of modern pop music often arise due

7、 to its mass production, and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当奴隶开始被从西非带到美国南部时，他们也带来了自己的文化宗教、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹饪。本文主要讲的是音乐在文化融合中的发展。12What contributed to the birth of the Charleston?AVarious African

8、religions.BPeoples love of tribal dances.CA mix of two different cultures.DThe popularity of sorrowful hymns.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知，两种文化的混合促进了Charleston的出现。故选C。13Accordin

9、g to the passage, what can we learn about the blues?AIt became popular in the late 20th century.BIt may include the description of slaves sad lives.CIt mainly told the stories of the American Civil War.DIt reflected the hard lives of many black musicians.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These soulful accounts by

10、slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called the blues”可知，对在苛刻的气候和环境下工作的奴隶的那些深情凄婉的描述被称作“the blues”。故选B。14What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to?ASlaves collective work.BOne region of West Africa.CThe new common culture.DThe music by the Beatles.解析：选C代词

11、指代题。根据画线词前的“they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened .”可知，他们一起工作直到他们逐渐形成一种共同的文化。故选C。15It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century _.Apossessed soul and sincerityBbecame more commercializedCwas blamed for its mass productionDwidened the gap b

12、etween musicians and fans解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“and now there is lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century”可知，选A。二I passed my driving test at the fourth attempt. You might think that means Im not as safe as someone who passed on t

13、heir first attempt. But would you feel safer with no driver at all? Maybe not, and thats why automotive firms have included driverassist functions in their driverless cars. This allows the human driver to take over if there is a problem.Google is one producer that has prototype driverless cars. Thes

14、e cars have been newly equipped with autosteering wheels and conventional controls to allow normal driving. But this is just a stage the vision is to have fully automated cars very soon. The director of Googles selfdrive project, Chris Urmson, hopes his 11yearold son will never have to take a drivin

15、g test. To achieve that, the cars need to be on the roads in five years. He says driverless cars will greatly reduce accidents and traffic jams.According to Chris, about 1.2 million people are killed on the roads around the world each year. That number is equivalent to a jet falling out of the sky e

16、very day. He thinks gradual changes to existing car designs are not enough to deal with the problems. “If we are really going to make changes to our cities, get rid of parking lots, we need selfdrive cars，” he says.Googles prototypes have covered over a million kilometers on the road. They have also

17、 had to deal with unexpected situations, such as a child driving a toy car in the road, and a woman in an electric wheelchair chasing a duck. In each case, the car reacted safely.Some are not convinced. Sven Beiker of Stanford University thinks driverless cars will still need human input in extreme

18、circumstances.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。无人驾驶汽车尽管能够减少交通事故和交通堵塞，但是，它的安全性还有待验证。8According to Paragraph 1, what is the authors chief concern about driverless cars?AFunctions. BSafety.CPrice. DAppearance.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第三、四句“But would you feel . in their driverless cars.”可知，作者主要关心的是无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选B。9Chris Urmson men

19、tioned his 11yearold son in order to show that _.Atraditional cars are harmful for kidsBhis son is not good at drivingChis son is a slow learner in drivingDdriverless cars will come soon解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句可知，Chris Urmson希望他11岁的儿子将来不用参加驾照考试。为了实现这个愿望，无人驾驶汽车须在5年之内上市，即在他的儿子16岁之前。由此可知，Chris Urmson提到他

20、儿子是为了说明无人驾驶汽车很快就能被生产出来。故选D。10What is Chris Urmsons comment on selfdrive cars?AThey can solve many existing problems.BThey are safer than a jet plane.CThey can completely change our cities.DThey should change gradually.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He says driverless cars will greatly . jams.”和第三段最后一句“If we a

21、re really . he says.”可知，无人驾驶汽车可以减少交通事故、交通堵塞和停车场拥挤等现存的问题。故选A。11What can we learn from the text?AGoogles prototypes will be tested on the roads soon.BSelfdrive cars are not designed for children or women.CConcerns remain about the reliability of selfdrive cars.DDriving tests will be easier to pass in

22、the near future.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some are not convinced . in extreme circumstances.”可知，Sven Beiker认为在极端环境下，无人驾驶汽车还是需要人工来操作。由此可推知，有些人还是担心无人驾驶汽车的安全问题。故选C。三The Maldives faces the threat of extinction from rising sea levels,but the government said on Thursday it was looking to the future with plans t

23、o build homes and a golf course that can float.An increase in sea levels of just 18 to 59 centimeters would make the Maldivesa nation of a number of tiny coral islands in the Indian Oceannot suitable for humans to live in by 2100,the UNs climate change experts have warned.President Mohamed Nasheed h

24、as declared a fight for survival,and last month he signed a deal with a Dutch company to study suggestions for a floating structure that could support a conference centre,homes and an 18-hole golf course.The company,Dutch Docklands,is currently building floating developments in the Netherlands and D

25、ubai.Its website said it undertook projects that make “land from water by providing large-scale floating constructions to create similar conditions as on land”.The Maldives began to work on an artificial island known as the Hulhumale near the crowded capital island of Male in 1997 and more than 30,0

26、00 people have been settled there in order to ease crowdedness.The city,which has a population of 100,000,is already protected from rising sea levels by a 30-million-dollar sea wall,and the government is considering increasingly imaginative ways to fight climate change.Nasheed,who held the worlds fi

27、rst underwater cabinet(内阁) meeting in October to highlight his peoples serious and difficult situation,has even spoken of buying land elsewhere in the world to enable Maldivians to relocate if their homes are completely covered.He has also promised to turn his nation into a model for the rest of the

28、 world by becoming “carbon neutral(碳中和)” by 2020.His plan involves ending fossil fuel use and powering all vehicles and buildings from “green” sources such as burning coconut husks.【语篇解读】本文是生态环保类阅读。讲述马尔代夫人民面对海平面的上升不得不考虑如何应对被淹没的可能。现在他们开始在首都附近建了一个人工岛Hulhumale,现在已经有30,000多人搬到了这个岛上,缓解了一些压力。最后文章呼吁人们减少二氧化

29、碳的排放。1.Which of the following about the Maldives is right according to the passage?A.It is made up of many small islands.B.It has been covered by water now.C.Its people live in underwater houses.D.Its people live in their floating homes.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Anincreaseinsealevelsofjust18to59centimeterswo

30、uldmaketheMaldivesanationofanumberoftinycoralislandsintheIndianOceannotsuitableforhumanstoliveinby2100”可知,马尔代夫由很多小岛组成,预计2100年可能被水淹没,不是现在,所以A项正确,而B项错误;再根据第一段“butthegovernmentsaidonThursdayitwaslookingtothefuturewithplanstobuildhomesandagolfcoursethatcanfloat.”可知C项和D项错误。答案为A项。2.What probably is the re

31、ason why Mohamed Nasheed chose Dutch Docklands for his plan?A.It has a good fame throughout the world.B.It charged much less than other companies.C.It has experience in building floating structures.D.It supports building floating structures in the world.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段“Itswebsitesaiditundertookproj

32、ectsthatmakelandfromwaterbyprovidinglarge-scalefloatingconstructionstocreatesimilarconditionsasonland”可知,这家公司的网站上显示他们曾经承担过类似的在水上建造建筑物的任务,所以答案为C项。3.Why did the Maldives begin to build the Hulhumale?A.Because it could attract more visitors.B.Because the country intended to make it a new capital.C.Because it could fight against climate change.D.Because it could make the capital less crowded.答案D解析细节理解题。