SCI论文中常用的表达方法.docx

1、SCI论文中常用的表达方法SCI论文中常用的表达方法 SCI 论文写作中常用的表达方法 河北医科大学药学院天然药物教研室 史清文 教授 摘 要：要写好SCI 论文，就需要建立一个适合自己需要的句型库（选择的词汇来源于SCI 引用期刊论文Tetrahedron , Tetrahedron Letter and J. Nat. Prod, 等）以及一些常用的各种核磁技术的文献。本文根据自己体会以及多方资料整理（出处略），仅供研究生学习参考。 1 引言部分（Introduction ） 问题的提出；研究的现状及背景Background ；以前工作基础；本工作的目的；思路（可提假说）；合适的切入点，以

2、探讨（目的）等。 Previous Work：说明自己与前人的不同：将历史上前人的工作分成类别；对每项重要的历史工作进行简短的回顾，要正确，抓住要点，避免歧义；和自己提出的工作进行比较；公正评价前人的重要工作，不要过于苛刻；强调自己的工作和前人工作的不同，特色。引用参考文献：立论依据的文献特别是新的和权威性文献，如：Nature 、Science 、JACS 、JOJ 、OL 等，还要引用自己的工作表明工作连续性。 Our Work ：描述自己的工作，回顾研究背景，常用词汇有review, outline, summarize, present, describe等。 说明写作目的：常用词汇有

3、purpose, attempt, aim等。 介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围：常用词汇有study, present, emphasize, include, focus, attention, emphasis, investigation, inderline等。 Despite the many valuable discoveries made through studies of ., the remain virtually unexplored from a chemical standpoint. Interesting structures (diversity of sec

4、ondary metabolites) discovered from the promoted (stimulated) us to undertake an investigation on the (attracted our interest in the chemical studies of or initiated to examine.) or in the pursuit of ecologically important metabolites froman unambiguous structural determination of them were desired.

5、 在叙述前人成果之后，用However 来引导不足，提出一种新方法或新方向（Indeed ）。如：However, little information (little attention/little work/little data/little research) (or few studies/few investigations/few researchers/few attempts) (or no/none of these studies) has (have) been done on (focused on/attempted to/conducted/investigat

6、ed/studied (with respect to) 。如：Previous research (studies, records) has (have) failed to consider/ ignored/ misinterpreted/ neglected to/overestimated, underestimated/misleaded. Thus, these previous results are inconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial. Uncertainties (di

7、screpancies) still exist 研究方法和方向与前人一样时，可通过以下方式强调自己工作：However, data is still scarce (rare, less accurate) or there is still dearth ofWe need to (aim to, have to) provide more documents (data, records, studies, increase the dataset). Further studies are still necessary (essential) 提出自己的观点：We aim to/ T

8、his paper reports on/ This paper provides results/ This paper extends the method/ This paper focus onThe purpose of this paper is toFurthermore, Moreover, In addition, we will also discuss；From the chemical point of view, it is interesting to underline that . 2 实验方法部分（Methods ） 介绍研究或试验过程，常用词汇有：test,

9、 study, analyze, investigate, examine, experiment, check, discuss, consider, analysis, ensure等。 说明研究或试验方法，常用词汇有：measure, estimate, calculate等。 例： General Experimental Procedures: Solvents for extractions and open column chromatography were reagent (analytical) grade and used without further purifica

10、tion. Melting points were determined on a.apparatus and are uncorrected. The IR spectra were taken in KBr pellet on a .spectrophotometer. Optical rotations were measured using a Perking-Elmer model 343 digital polarimeter in chloroform at 20C with a path length of 10 cm (using 10 cm cell tube) recor

11、ded on the sodium D line, using a sodium lamp operating at 589 nm. UV spectra were recorded (made on) using a JASCO model V-560 UV/Vis spectrophotometer in chloroform. IR spectra were run (performed) as thin film on (using) a . spectrophotometer. IR is indicative the presence hydroxyl group (a broad

12、 vibrational band around 3448 cm -1) and a carbonyl band between 1780-1658 cm-1. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained (acquired) on a Bruker model AMX or Varin UNITY 500 MHz spectrometer at 500 MHz for 1H and 125 MHz for 13C in CDCl3 as solvent using TMS as internal standard. CDCl3 was used as solve

13、nt and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as internal standard. Chemical shifts were referenced relative to the corresponding residual solvents signals (d 7.26/77.7, respectively) and are given on a d (ppm) scale and coupling constants (J ) expressed in Hz. Stereochemical designations and following the chemica

14、l shift refer to the proton below and above the plane, respectively, of the illustrated drawing. Spin-coupled patterns are designed as follows: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet, br = broadened, and h = hidden or o = overlapped. The spin couping ( J ) is given in pare

15、ntheses in Hz, and refers to separation values solely for characterization and may not be the true J as in non-first-order patterns. Some hidden patterns were clarified by homonuclear decoupling and NOE studies and are reported after the hm designation in brackets. The multiplicities of the carbon s

16、ignals (Methylene, Methine, Methyl, or quternary carbon) were determined indirectly from HMQC experiment. HMQC Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence, Bax, A.; Subramanian, S. J. Magn. Res. 1986, 67, 565-569. HMBC Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation, Bax, A.; Summers, M. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1

17、986, 108, 2093-2094. DEPT (Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer) was used to sort CH3, CH2, CH and C. EI-MS were taken (made or obtained) on a Micromass model Autospec (70 eV) spectrometer. Analytic TLC was performed on precoated 0.25 mm thick Merk silica gel F254 aluminum-backed plat

18、es without activation. Fractions was monitored by TLC with visualization under UV light (254 and 365 nm) and by dipping the plates into a solution of 10% (v/v) H2SO 4 in EtOH. The spots were detected at UV (254 nm) and visualized by spraying with 5%H2SO 4-ethanol reagent and heating at 140C. Prepare

19、d TLC was carried out (performed) on precoated Si gel 60 F254 plates (20 20 cm, 0.5 mm layer thickness, Merck). Developed chromatograms were detected by spraying with 10 % H 2SO 4-ethanol, followed by heating at 100 C for 5 min. PTLC plate was cut into small strips under UV, The compounds were caref

20、ully removed by scraping off the silica gel at the appropriate R f and them were exhaustively extracted with acetonitrile. After solvent evaporation, the residue was used to run NMR. Sephadex LH-20 column, previously equilibrated with same mixture of elute, were also utilized for further separation

21、(MeOH or MeOH:dichloromethane) as eluent (apolar extract using MeOH:CHCl3 = 1:1, polar using MeOH:CHCl3 = 4:1 or MeOH only as mobile phase). 3 实验结果讨论（Discussion and Summary） 展示研究结果，常用词汇有：show, result, disclose, present, displayed, infer等；介绍结论，常用词汇有introduce, summary, conclude，deduce 等。 陈述论文的论点和作者的观点

22、，常用词汇有：report, suggest, expect, present, describe, argue 等。 说明论证，常用词汇有：support, provide, find, indicate, identify, confirm, clarify, demonstrate, imply, corroborate, evidence等。 推荐和建议，常用词汇有：suggest, give suggestion, recommendation, recommend, propose, necessity, expect，necessary, presume等。 例： Result

23、and Discussion: UV absorption maxima at 315 nm showing (displayed) significant bathochromic shift under strong alkaline conditions, indicating (was supportive) the presence of phenolic functions IR data revealed the absence of absorptions for hydroxyl group or unsaturation, suggesting that the oxyge

24、n is involved in ether linkages and that molecule is tricyclic，et al . FABMS spectrum revealed the sodium adduct (quasi-molecular ion) M+Na+ ion at m/z xx, suggesting Mr = xxx and solving for (Empirical formula), which was appropriate for the molecular formula Cx H y O z , This molecular formula was

25、 corroborated by HR-FAB-MS, which was consistent with data from 1H and 13C NMR spectra. 1H-NMR spectrum displayed signals corresponding to protons, which are in the vicinity of heteroatoms. (showed (disclosed) a total protons attached to carbon, indicating the presence of). Vicinal proton coupling c

26、onstants have been very useful for the conformational analysis of a large number of organic substances in view of their known dihedral angle dependence. (Karplus, M. J. Chem. Phys. 1959, 30: 11.) 13C-NMR signals can be sorted (classified, defined) by DEPT experiments into methyl, methylene, sp3 meth

27、ine and and sp2 methine and sp3 quaternary carbon, sp2 quaternary carbon and oxygenated sp 2 quaternary carbon and carbonyl carbon. DEPT experiments grouped all of the carbon signals into the following assemblies: 1H-1H COSY NMR spectrum was possible to differentiate how many discreted spin system.

28、HMBC （Bax, A.; Summers, M. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1986, 108, 2093-2094.）: Full assignments of the proton and carbon signals were secured by 1H-1H DQF COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectra. To clarify the intermolecular connectivities of the partial structures, the HMBC experiment was performed. 1H-1H DQFCOSY (

29、Piantini, U.; Sorensen, O. W.; Ernst, R. R. J. Am. Chem. Soc . 1982, 104, H-13C TOCSY (Braunschweiler, L.; Ernst, R. R. J. Magn. Reson. 1983, 53, 521.) C-13C TOCSY (Kjellerg, A.; Nishida, T.; Weitraub, A.; Widmalm, G. NMR Spectroscopy of C-Enriched polysaccharides: Application of 136800.) 11313C-13C

30、 TOCSY to Sugars of Different Configuration. Magn. Reson. Chem. 1998, 35, 128-131.) Stereochemistry : The relative stereostructure of as shown in a computer-generated 3D drawing was deduced from cross-peaks observed in the phase-sensitive NOESY spectrum and 3J proton coupling constants. On the basis

31、 of the above argument, the relative stereochemistry of was assigned (determined, deduced, established, and characterized) as CD (Circular Dichroism: Berova, N., Nakanishi, K., Woody, R. W., Eds., Circular Dichroism 2nd ed.; Wiley-VCH: New York, 2000.) Cytotoxicity assay-The bioassay for cytotoxicit

32、y was performed by MTT 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay (Twentyman P. R. and Luscombe M., A study of some variables in a tetrazolium dye (MTT ) based assay for cell growth and chemosensitivity. Br. J. Cancer 1987, 56, 279D285.) 对于推断出的结论，通常可用：Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that，更肯定一点是可用：We confirm that或We believe that，偶尔也用：We put forward (discover, observe)for the first time来强调自己的创新。 如果自己对所提出的观点不完全肯定，可用：We tentatively put forward (interpret this to)，或 The results may be due t