1、复习讲义短文改错专题复习讲义短文改错专题NET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是:一以句为单位,找行中错误,每行必有一个判断,而判断的依据一定是上下文,最小单位是一个完整的句子。二以篇为单位,找句中错误。许多时候,就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确,错误何在,而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句,进而对该行作出判断。具体解题过程中,应该注意把握九个一致问题:一时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文,特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。例1yfavoritesportisfootball.Iasaeberofourfootballtea.全文都是一般现在时,此句中as虽然与上下问不一
2、致,应改为a。例2Ireeberedherordsandcaldon.此处为一描述过去事件的语境,应与前文reebered保持一致,须改为caled。例3Today,itisucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.个is与时间状语today保持一致,地第二个is则应改为as,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。二主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。例4Noypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.主语为AandB时,谓语动词一般为复数,应改为are。例5Theneboyorgirlinschoolqui
3、clybeeoneoftheclassafterafegaes.主语为AorB时,应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数,bee应改为bees.例6Playfootballnotonlyaesusgrouptallandstrong此处与例4,例5不同,谓语动词aes与上下文保持一致,为正确的用法,而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。三平行一致notonlybutalso,eitheror,neithernor以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中,词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。例7Playingfootballnotonlyaesbuta
4、lsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteaspirit.依据平行一致原则,此处give应与前文aes保持一致,改为gives.例8Itasveryindofthetoeeteattherailaystationanddroveetotheirhoe.此句中的drove应与前文toeet保持平行,故改为drive。四数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致例9estudyquiteafesubject,suchasaths,chinesequiteafe只修饰复数名词,保持一致,subject应改为subjects.例10Theyasedelotsofquestion.与lots
5、of保持一致的只能是复数名词,应改为questions.五主饰一致句中的主要词应与其修饰词间保持一致。除了例9,例10外,还有例11sothatIllgetgoodarsinallysubject.all若修饰可数名词时,其后名词应为复数。subject该为subjects。例12Shesaidthatsheandyschoolateallishedesuccess.all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上,故schoolate应为schoolates.例13Unfortunate,therearetooanypeopleUnfortunate应作状语,修饰整个句子,此时应为副词unfortunate
6、ly才可保持一致。例14Isureellhaveaonderfullytietogether.修饰名词,应为aonderfultie.六指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。例15TheSithsdidhisbesttoaeefeelathoe.TheSiths为一复数概念,故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.例16IliveinBeijing,hereisthecapitalofchina.此处应为作主语的关系代词hich.例17AndIcantforgetthefoodyoucooedforI.此处I应作介词的宾语,故改为e才可保持一致。七语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓
7、语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。例18Boosaybeeepforfourees.与其主语Boos相对应,此处应为被动语态,故eep应改为ept。八搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。例19IfeltsonervousasIshooliealeaf.后跟从句,保持一致须用sothat结构这一固定搭配。as改为that.例20Ilooforardtohearfroyousoon.looforardto中to是介词,其后应为动名词hearing。例21ButitdidntatterthatIouldinornot.与其后ornot保持一致时应用hether。例22Ihaveneither
8、brothersnorsisters-inanyotherords,Iaanonlychild.inanyotherords意为“换言之”,应为inotherords。九逻辑一致这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误,检查时应通篇考虑,重点在连词、代词,肯定与否定,及相对应的动词如e与go等。例23Sheassilingbutnoddingate.上下文看,应为She-yEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我,but应为and。例24Nosoeoneathoereadsinstead.从上文可知,因为无电视可看,人人都只好读书,soeone改为everyone或everybody.例25An
9、dtheyustnotbreatherulestoooftenifeanttointhegae.通读全文,都是用人称,这时突然用到they,显然不一致,应改为e.实战演练一ostfailiesinchinahopedtheirsinglechildrenill76_haveahappyfuture,sotheyareverystrictintheirchildren.77_Sodoteachersinschools!anychildrenaregivensouch78_hoeorthattheyhavehardlyanysparetiehavesports.79_Thechildrenaref
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12、_andorareaffecteDTothechildrenhotheyspendtoo83_uchtieinatchingTV,itcandoharfultotheirsight84_andhealthy.SoeshouldcontrolthetieofatchingTV.85_AfeonthsafterreturningtheUSfroGerany,Itoo76._partinacollegecourseinFrench.SinceIhavelearned77._tosayGeranellinGerany,Ithoughtitightbe78._interestedtobeginstudy
13、inganotherlanguage.Atthe79._firstclass,theteacherasedustodoapronunciation80._exerciseinitheouldsayaordortoinFrench,and81._eachstudentoulddotheirbesttocopy.henhegotto82._e,heepthavingetosayoreords,andI83._finallyasedhihy.“Ifinditgreatfun,”sheexplained84._it.“In2earsofteachingatschool,itsthefirsttie85
14、._IveheardanAericanspeaFrenchithaGeranaccent.”TheHuaiheRiverhasbeenseriouspolluted.Dayandnigh76._illionsoftonsofasteaterisbeingpoureddontofro77._ hundredsoffactories.Theasteaterisharful.Atpresent_ thereisnofishinit.Theriveratercannotbedrun.Peoplein79._eitherbanhavetodigellstotaedriningater.TheHuaihe
15、0._Riverissuchdirtyandpoisonousthatpeopledontdaresi1._ init.Soethingustbedonetostoppingthepollution.The82._ governentandthepeopleneartheriverusttrytoclearater83._assoonaspossible.Nospecialattentionhaspaidtothe84._pollutionbythegovernentandorescientists.Thepollution85._illbepreventedinthenearfuture.
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17、ttheyillnotseee81._foraholeyearandtheyareafraidofIillfeellonely.They82._cantiagineagirlsoyounglivealone.Theyadviseetostudy83._inthecapitalinstead.ThenIllbeabletocontinuelivingith84._the.HocanIpersuadethetoacceptthefactIhavegronup?85._Bestishes,janeApersonsagenolongertellsyousoethingabout76._hissocia
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20、theycanneverdoanythingquiteright,79._thentheyillregardtheselvesunfitorunablepersons.Unlessthey80._believetheycansucceed,theyillneverbeetotallyindependence.81._Dontalaysscoldandgivelotsofpraiseinstead.Talabout82._hattheyvedoneright,butabouthattheyhaventdone.Ifyour83._childrenpleteadifficulttas,reardh
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22、endsithothers.Littlebylittle,y81._schoolrecordentfrobadtoorse,especiallyy82._aths.Icouldntevenpasstheexa.Ilosttheheartand83._issedthehappytiesalldaylong.Itolde,“Idont84._belongtoit.Idontliethelifehere.”85._ToandDicarenextdoorneighbourhoor76._inthesaeofficesotheyaledtogethertoandfro77._office.Soedaya
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24、you.”85._DearSirorada,Iseeyouradvertiseentinastudentagazineand76._Iinterestingtonooreaboutyourdivingcourses.77._Firstofall,IshouldexplainthatalthoughIcansiI78._notveryconfidentintheater.Butyouentionedyour79._advertiseentthatyourinstructorsarefullqualified,80._soIbelievetheyllabletoteachsoeonelieetod
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27、assoonaspossible.youneednttoehere.I83._abletolooafterotherbyyself.youdbetter84._sendfloerstoother.Sheillfeelhappily.85._yours,XiaohuiFootballisostpopulargaeinEngland:onehasonly76._togotooneoftheiportantatchtoseethis.Richand77._poor,youngandold,onecanseetheallthere,shoutand78._cheeringforonesideortheother.oneofthesurprised79._thingsaboutfootballinEnglandtoastrangeristhegreat80._noledgeofthegaehichstillthesallestboysees81._tohaveit.Hecantellyouthenaesoftheplayersinost82._oftheiportanttea,hehasphotographsoftheand83._notheresultsoflargenubersofatches.Heilltell84._youhisopinionh
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