复习讲义短文改错专题.docx
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复习讲义短文改错专题
[复习讲义]短文改错专题
NET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：
一．以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断，而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。
二．以篇为单位，找句中错误。
许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。
具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：
一．时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。
例1．yfavoritesportisfootball.Iasaeberofourfootballtea.全文都是一般现在时，此句中as虽然与上下问不一致，应改为a。
例2．Ireeberedherordsandcaldon.
此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文reebered保持一致，须改为caled。
例3．Today,itisucheasiertobehealthythanitisinthepast.个is与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为as,使之与其时间状语inthepast一致。
二．主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。
例4．Noypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary.
主语为AandB时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。
例5．Theneboyorgirlinschoolquiclybeeoneoftheclassafterafegaes.主语为AorB时，应由靠近谓语的主语来决定谓语的单复数，bee应改为bees.
例6．Playfootballnotonlyaesusgrouptallandstrong…此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词aes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing才可与此处其它部分一致。
三．平行一致
notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…以及and,but,or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
例7．Playingfootballnotonlyaes…butalsogiveusasenseoffairplayandteaspirit.依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文aes保持一致，改为gives.
例8．Itasveryindofthetoeeteattherailaystationanddroveetotheirhoe.此句中的drove应与前文toeet保持平行，故改为drive。
四．数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致
例9．estudyquiteafesubject,suchasaths,
chinese…quiteafe只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject应改为subjects.
例10．They…asedelotsofquestion.与lotsof保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.
五．主饰一致句中的主要词应与其修饰词间保持一致。
除了例9，例10外，还有
例11．…sothatI’llgetgoodarsinallysubject.
all若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。
subject该为subjects。
例12．Shesaidthatsheandyschoolateallishede
success.all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolate应为schoolates.
例13．Unfortunate,therearetooanypeople…
Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately才可保持一致。
例14．I’suree’llhaveaonderfullytietogether.修饰名词，应为aonderfultie.
六．指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。
例15．TheSithsdidhisbesttoaeefeelathoe.
TheSiths为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数their.
例16．IliveinBeijing,hereisthecapitalofchina.
此处应为作主语的关系代词hich.
例17．AndIcan’tforgetthefoodyoucooedforI.
此处I应作介词的宾语，故改为e才可保持一致。
七．语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
例18．Boosaybeeepforfourees.
与其主语Boos相对应，此处应为被动语态，故eep应改为ept。
八．搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
例19．IfeltsonervousasIshooliealeaf.后
跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。
as改为that.
例20．Ilooforardtohearfroyousoon.
looforardto中to是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。
例21．Butitdidn’tatterthatIouldinornot.
与其后ornot保持一致时应用hether。
例22．Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters---inanyotherords,Iaanonlychild.
inanyotherords意为“换言之”，应为inotherords。
九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词，肯定与否定，及相对应的动词如e与go等。
例23．Sheassilingbutnoddingate.
上下文看，应为She---yEnglishteacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but应为and。
例24．Nosoeoneathoereadsinstead.
从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，soeone改为everyone或everybody.
例25．Andtheyustnotbreatherulestoooftenifeanttointhegae.通读全文，都是用人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为e.
[实战演练一]
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Shouldn’tedralessonfrotheaccidents?
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tosayGeranellinGerany,Ithoughtitightbe78.______
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it.“In2earsofteachingatschool,it’sthefirsttie85._______
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_______
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0._______
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1._______
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Hoareyou?
TodayI’vegotaonderfulnestotellyou.76._______
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furthereducation.onehundredandtentystudentstooexa78._______
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85._______Bestishes,
jane
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aparticularyearhichonegoestoschoolorgoesto78.________
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Ilooforardtohearingfroyou.
Sincerelyyours,
To
⑾DearXiaohua,
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yours,
Xiaohui
⑿FootballisostpopulargaeinEngland:
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youhisopinionh
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