从历年英语六级真题中总结重点词汇.docx

1、从历年英语六级真题中总结重点词汇. From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws and taught to carve up animal bodies in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.(2012. 12 阅读 Text2)

2、【翻译】从超市里自助服务的结账台到配备锯子的工业机器人在屠宰室里被教会切分动物肉块，这些越来越智能的机器人现在不是在协助工人，而是在抢他们的饭碗。【词汇】1. arm v. 配备，装备例：The soldiers are armed with the most advanced weapons.战士们都配备了最先进的武器。2. carve v. 切，切碎例：He carved several pieces of chicken for me.他帮我切了几块鸡肉。3. slaughter n. 屠杀例：the slaughter of innocent people 对无辜百姓的屠杀. U.S.

3、 gross domestic product has climbed back to pre-recession levels, meaning were producing as much as before, only with 6% fewer workers.(2012. 12 阅读 Text2)【词汇】美国国内生产总值已经攀升到了萧条前的水平，这意味着我们现在凭借减少了6%的劳动力生产着同样多的东西。【词汇】1. gross a.总的例：The gross weight of this box of candy is 400 grams.这盒糖的总重量为400克。2. domest

4、ic a. 家庭的，国内的例：Our products sell well in domestic market.我们的产品在国内市场卖得很好。此处的gross domestic product即我们日常所说的GDP，国内生产总值。. To be sure, robotics is not the only job killers out there, with outsourcing stealing far more jobs than automation.(2012. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】肯定的是，机器人学不是在外的唯一的工作“杀手”，外包窃取了比自动化更多的工作。【词汇】

5、1. robotics n. 机器人学，机器人技术例：Robotics is the science of designing and building robots.机器人学就是设计并制造机器人的学科。2. outsourcing n. 外包，外部采办例：Some companies are unhappy with outsourcing.有些公司对外包不太满意。3. automation n. 自动化(技术)例：Automation means the loss of factory jobs.自动化意味着很多工人要失业。. A key process in interpersonal

6、interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】人际互动的关键过程是社会对照的过程。因为我们会通过将自己比作他人的方式来评估我们自己。【词汇】1. interpersonal a. 人际的，人与人之间的例：Interpersonal skills are important in business.人际交往技巧在商业中十分重要。2. interaction n. 合作，相互影响，互

7、动例：The teachers and students need interaction from time to time.师生之间需要不时的互动。3. comparison n. 比较，相似例：I dont want to make comparison.我不想做比较。4. evaluate v. 评估，评价例：Your responsibility is to evaluate his work.你的责任就是评估他的工作。【语法】compare A with B 将A和B作比较;compare A to B 将A比作B. First, we decide whether we are

8、superior or inferior to others on certain dimensions, such as attractiveness, intelligence, popularity, etc.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】首先，我们会在某些范围内，比如吸引力、才智、受欢迎程度等等来比较决定我们是胜过别人，还是不如别人。【词汇】1. superior a. 上等的，优秀的例：He is superior to me in English.他在英语方面胜过我。2. inferior a. 次等的，下级的例：Im inferior to him in Engl

9、ish.我在英语方面不如他。由此可见，上面两个单词是反义词，可以组合记忆。3. dimension n.尺寸，规模，范围例：They have bought a house of generous dimensions.他们买了一间空间宽敞的房子。4. intelligence n. 智力, 情报例：She is absolutely a girl of high intelligence.她绝对是一个非常聪明的人。. At certain stages of life, especially adolescence, the pressure to be seen as similar to

10、 peers is immense.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】在生命的某些时期，特别是青春期的时候，要看起来和同龄人相似的压力是很大。【词汇】1. adolescence n. 青春期例：They are still in their adolescence. 他们还在青春期。2. immense a. 巨大的例：His devotion to his country has been immense.他对他的祖国做出了巨大的贡献。. Now the question must be reversed. What can the Wests overly indebted

11、and sluggish nations learn from a flourishing Asia? (2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】现在问题反过来了。巨额负债的、经济发展缓慢的西方国家能从繁荣的亚洲学到点什么?【词汇】1. reverse v. 反转，颠倒，掉换例：The government must take action to reverse the economic decline.政府必须采取行动扭转经济颓势。2. indebted a. 负债的，受惠的例：The company is heavily indebted to the bank.这家公司欠了银行很多债

12、。3. sluggish a. 经济发展缓慢的，迟钝的例：The recovery of economy remains sluggish.经济恢复很迟缓。4. flourishing a. 繁荣的例：Our village quickly became a flourishing town.我们的村庄很快就变成了一个繁荣的小镇。. In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies could also lower the deficit.(2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】同样地，

13、大幅减少浪费的农业补贴也可以减少亏空。【词汇】1. wasteful a.浪费的，奢侈的例：You should get rid of your wasteful habits.你要改掉你浪费的坏习惯。2. agricultural a. 农业的例：agricultural commodities 农产品3. subsidy n.补贴，津贴例：the unemployment subsidy 失业补贴4. deficit n.赤字，亏空，逆差例：trade deficit 贸易赤字. Meanwhile, Europe has fallen prey to a different ideolo

14、gical trap: the belief that European governments would always have infinite resources and could continue borrowing as if there were no tomorrow.(2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】同时，欧洲也成为了另一个思想陷阱的受害者，那个陷阱就是认为欧洲政府将一直拥有无限的资源，可以像没有明天那样继续无节制地借用。【词汇】1. meanwhile adv. 同时例：I was watching a film, and meanwhile Jenny wa

15、s writing an E-mail.我在看电影，与此同时Jenny在写电子邮件。2. prey n. 被捕食的动物，受害者例：fall prey to 成为的牺牲品，受之害3. ideological a. 思想上的，意识形态的例：the ideological and political education 思想政治教育4. infinite a.无穷的，极大的例：Teaching kids requires infinite patience.教小孩子需要极大的耐心。. Thats partially because it appears people who set realisti

16、c goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.(2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】这一部分是因为设定实际一点的目标的人为了达到那些目标，实际上行事更有效率，付出的努力更多。【词汇】1. partially adv. 部分地例：The driver was partially to blame for the accident.那个司机只对这场事故负部分责任。2. efficiently adv. 高效地例：Its hard to work efficientl

17、y in such terrible environment.在这么差的环境里无法高效地工作。3. exert v.运用，发挥，努力，尽力例：Dont exert yourself unnecessarily.不要做无谓的努力。. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors. (2012. 06 阅读

18、 Text2)【翻译】然而，能积极地推动人们更加努力的动机同样也更有可能会促使人们做出一些不道德的行为。【词汇】1. motivation n. 动机，刺激，推动力例：Money is their chief motivation.金钱是他们的主要推动力。2. motivate v. 刺激，激发(兴趣或欲望)，推动例：What motivated you to do such a thing?是什么激发你做了这件事?3. constructive a. 建设性的，积极的例：We welcome constructive suggestions.我们欢迎有建设性的建议。4. unethical

19、a. 不道德的例：Some people believe it is unethical to test a drug on animals.有些人认为在动物身上测试药物是不道德的。. A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. (2012. 06

20、阅读 Text2)【翻译】施韦泽和他的同事引用的一个重要例子，那就是2004年能源巨头安然公司的垮台。 他们的经理曾经用财务奖励来刺激销售员来达到具体的收益目标。1. colleague n. 同事;同僚例：He is a colleague of mine.他是我的一个同事。2. collapse n. 崩溃， 瓦解，垮台例：The floods caused the collapse of the bridge.洪水造成了大桥的垮塌。3. incentive n. 刺激，鼓励例：Poverty is an incentive for him to work hard.贫穷是刺激他努力工作的

21、因素。4. revenue n. 收益，税收，收入例：Rent is a kind of revenue.房租是一种收入。. Thats partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.(2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】这一部分是因为设定实际一点的目标的人为了达到那些目标，实际上行事更有效率，付出的努力更多。【词汇】1. partially adv. 部分地

22、例：The driver was partially to blame for the accident.那个司机只对这场事故负部分责任。2. efficiently adv. 高效地例：Its hard to work efficiently in such terrible environment.在这么差的环境里无法高效地工作。3. exert v.运用，发挥，努力，尽力例：Dont exert yourself unnecessarily.不要做无谓的努力。. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more

23、 effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors. (2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】然而，能积极地推动人们更加努力的动机同样也更有可能会促使人们做出一些不道德的行为。【词汇】1. motivation n. 动机，刺激，推动力例：Money is their chief motivation.金钱是他们的主要推动力。2. motivate v. 刺激，激发(兴趣或欲望)，推动例：What motivated you

24、to do such a thing?是什么激发你做了这件事?3. constructive a. 建设性的，积极的例：We welcome constructive suggestions.我们欢迎有建设性的建议。4. unethical a. 不道德的例：Some people believe it is unethical to test a drug on animals.有些人认为在动物身上测试药物是不道德的。. A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trad

25、ing giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. (2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】施韦泽和他的同事引用的一个重要例子，那就是2004年能源巨头安然公司的垮台。 他们的经理曾经用财务奖励来刺激销售员来达到具体的收益目标。1. colleague n. 同事;同僚例：He is a colleague of mine.他是我的一个同事。2. collapse n. 崩溃， 瓦解，垮台例：The floods cau

26、sed the collapse of the bridge.洪水造成了大桥的垮塌。3. incentive n. 刺激，鼓励例：Poverty is an incentive for him to work hard.贫穷是刺激他努力工作的因素。4. revenue n. 收益，税收，收入例：Rent is a kind of revenue.房租是一种收入。. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting energy alternatives, it may

27、 be decades before clean technologies like wind and solar meet a significant portion of our energy needs.(2012. 06 阅读 Text1)【翻译】虽然现在调查和创新主要集中在寻找污染少的其他能源上，但是等到像风能、太阳能这样的清洁能源能满足我们大部分的能源需求可能仍需数十年。【词汇】1. innovation n. 创新例：Innovation is vital in modern society.创新在现代社会十分重要。2. alternative n. 二者择一，供替代的选择例：I

28、 had no alternative but to leave this country.我除了离开这个国家之外，别无选择。3. solar a. 太阳的，太阳能的例：solar cell 太阳能电池4. portion n.(总体的)部分例：A large portion of the building was destroyed in the fire.房屋的大部分在火灾中被烧毁。. Some propose storing the CO2 in coal mines or liquid storage in the ocean, Shell favors storing CO2 in

29、deep geological structures such as saline formations and exhausted oil and gas fields that exist throughout the world. (2012. 06 阅读 Text1)【翻译】有些建议将二氧化碳储存在煤矿里，或者以液态形式储存在海里，壳牌倾向于将二氧化碳储存在地质结构的深处，比如在世界各地存在的含盐结构或者已经被耗尽石油或者天然气的油田，气田。【词汇】1. storage n. 保管;贮藏例：Caves were used for storage.洞穴过去被用来储存东西。2. geolo

30、gical a. 地质学的例：She is interested in geological study.她对地质研究很感兴趣。3. saline a. 盐的，咸的例：There is a saline lake behind this mountain.这座山的后面有一个盐湖。4. formation n. 队形，构造例：Family life has an important impact on the formation of childrens characters.家庭生活对孩子性格的形成具有重要影响。5. exhausted a. 耗尽的，精疲力竭的例：My patience is exhausted.我的耐心已经用尽。. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting ene