六级作文要点.docx

1、六级作文要点Tips for High Score (一)结构清晰1.篇章组织文章是由三个主要部分组成的：开头、扩展部分、结尾。2.段落组织段落大多由三个部分构成，尤其是说明文和议论文的段落：主题句、扩展句和结尾句(1)主题句: Topic Sentence (TS)主题句一般位于段首，是一个完整的句子，用以概括、叙述和说明该段的主题。有的也可置于段尾或段中，但最好放在段首。 主题句要有可写性，既不要太空泛也不要过于局限，否则扩展句将无法说明它或没有展开讨论的余地。空泛：The Olympic Games are exciting. 概括：In the Olympic Games the fo

2、otball teams from many countries compete intensely. 尽量使用简洁明了的句子，做到句子完整并且表达的主题思想完整。复杂：She likes collecting stamps which is her hobby.简洁：Collecting stamps is her hobby. 好的主题句经常使用关键词或词组来限制主题所要表达的观点。Topic：Air TravelTopic sentence：Air travel is more convenient than train for at least three reasons.(作者在“a

3、spect(方面)”和“reason(原因)”两方面限制他的主题。) 根据不同的主题,主题句可以有多种形式。A.直接说明某事物的作用或优点。Topic：Solar EnergyTopic sentence：Solar energy can contribute to our future energy supply.B.指出人们对某事物的不同观点。Topic：HappinessTopic sentence：It differs from person to person as to the view of happiness(2)扩展句: Supporting Sentence (SS)主要扩

4、(推)展句(主题句)There are several factors affecting climate.(扩展句1)One factor is the mount of sunlight received.(扩展句2)Altitude, or the height above sea level, also determines climate.(扩展句3)The oceans have an effect on the climate of adjacent land.(扩展句4)In addition, climate is influenced by the general circ

5、ulation of the atmosphere.主题句指出影响气候的几个因素。然后用四个扩展句说明四种因素。第一种是太阳光的接收量，第二种是海拔高度，第三句和第四句分别是海洋和大气环流因素。次要扩展句(主题句)I dont teach because teaching is not easy for me.(主要扩展句1)Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living：mechanic, carpenter, writer.(主要扩展句2)For me, teachi

6、ng is a red eye, sweaty palm, sinking stomach profession.(次要扩展句1)Red eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing.(次要扩展句2)Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am.(次要扩展句3)Sinking-stoma

7、ch, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.(3)结尾句: Ending Sentence (ES)结尾句是用来对全段内容进行总结、归纳或提出结论性观点的句子。顾名思义，结尾句只能位于段尾，起重复段落主题和强调段落中心思想的作用。STRUCTUREPara. 1: Phenomenon + detailsTransitional wordsPara. 2: Topic Sentence (主题句) + SS 1(主要扩展句1) +ss1.1(次要

8、扩展句1)+ss1.2 +SS 2+ ss2.1+ ss2.2 The relationship between the sentencesTransitional wordsPara.3: TS (主题句) + SS 1+SS 2 + ES(结尾句)Sentence patterns 1) 强调句 It is common knowledge thatIt is well-known thatIt is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent thatIt goes without saying that It is universall

9、y acknowledged that2)宾(表)语从句We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates.The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.3)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.4)状语从句(时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等)Wh

10、atever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers5)分词短语做定语或状语Prof. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better. 6)倒装句Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem. 7)被动句Some measures should be taken to deal with the pr

11、oblem. 8)设问句Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him开头 /Opening 1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of .2) Recently the problem of has been brought into focus.3) Recently the phenomenon of has become a heated topic.4) Recently the issue of

12、 has aroused great concern among .5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over the phenomenon that .6) Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular.7) Faced with ., quite a few people argue that .8) According to a recent survey, .结果/Result1. It may give rise to a host of problems.2. The i

13、mmediate result it produces is . 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon.4. Its consequence can be so great that.原因/Reasons 1. A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon (problem). 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainl

14、y stems from the fact that.4. The factors that contribute to this situation include. 5. The change in .largely results from the fact that. 6. We may blame .,but the real causes are.7. Part of the explanations for it is that .8. One of the most common factors (causes ) is that . Another contributing

15、factor (cause ) is .9. Perhaps the primary factor is that 10. But the fundamental cause is that . to begin with, then, furthermore, finally to start with, next, in addition, finally first and foremost, besides, last but not least most important of all, moreover, finally on the one hand, on the other

16、 hand(适用于两点的情况) for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that 结尾/EndingAccording to what I

17、perceive, I suppose that .My point of view is that.In my point of view, I consider that For my part, I assume thatFrom my own perspective, I harbor the idea that1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that .2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop .3) It i

18、s necessary that steps should be taken to .4) In conclusion, it is imperative that .5) There is no easy method, but .might be of some help.6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must .7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8) With the effor

19、ts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to .10) Taking all these into account, we .11) Whether it is goodornot /positiveornegative, one thing is certain/clear.批驳/Argument1)It is true that ., but on

20、e vital point is being left out.2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3) Some people say ., but it does not hold water.4) Many of us have been under the illusion that.5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6) It makes no

21、sense to argue for .7) Too much stress placed on . may lead to .8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that .9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that .解决方法/Solutions 1. We should take effective/ drastic measures to stop/ prevent / protect4. Perhaps the best choice is the c

22、ombination of the two5. There are several ways to cope with the problem。6. the government should make strict regulations/ laws to ban such practice/ to stop this phenomenon from spreading。7. Its urgent for us to do something about this。8. We should spare no effort / try every means to扩展词汇/Vocabulary

23、1.individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons) 2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good 3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 Eg. An army of college students indulge themselv

24、es in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many if not most替换many.Eg. Many individ

25、uals, if not most, harbor the idea that.同理 用mostif not all ,替换most.5: a slice of, quiet a few , several替换someit is universally acknowledged that)代替think(因为是书面语，所以要加that)7:affair ,business ,matter 替换thing 9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits ) 10:for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinio

26、n 11:Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式)。13.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful, 15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable . 替换 unnecessary, avoidable 17.sth. appeals to sb, sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / s

27、b. be interested in 18.capture ones attention替换attract ones attention. 19.facet,demension,sphere代aspect 20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear 21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause. 22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换.reasons for sth 23.d

28、esire 替换want.24.pour attention into 替换pay attention to 25.bear in mind that 替换remember 26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) 27. interaction替换communication 28.frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth 29.to name only a few, take as an example替换 for example, for instance 30. next to / virtua

29、lly impossible,替换nearly / almost impossibleDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topicCollegeGraduates Work as Village Officials. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1. 越来越多的大学生当村官2. 这种现象背后的原因3. 你的想法Writing

30、Structure Para. 1 Topic sentence + detailsPara. 2 Topic sentence + reason + reason + Para. 3 Topic sentence + opinion + opinion + ending sentenceNowadays there is a growing concern over the phenomenon that more and more college graduates are willing to hold the position of village officials. Some of

31、 their majors even have nothing to do with the job, not to mention those who never cast any glance at any villages ever before.Undoubtedly, this tendency mainly stems from the fact that too many college graduates are fighting for the tiny handful of positions in big cities. The competition is so fierce that only some of the graduates are able to obtain a job where th