英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析.docx

1、英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? Youll help the environment and your guests wont go hungry. I used to work in school catering and saw a lot of money being thrown away. I thought that was crimi

2、nal, so I decided to do something about it, said Italian school chef Tiziano Vicentini. Now, Vicentini has an amazing range of edible plates for schools. The plates are made out of bread dough, so you can eat them afterwards. These dishes cost a few pennies each and are either eaten by the kids, or

3、go into recycling bins for animal food, explained Vicentini, 50, of Milan. But now other companies are developing edible plates, too. The Edible-Plate Company offers edible plates, bowls, trays and cups. Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of

4、 catering and home use. And theyre made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturally. They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）. These plates will also help reduce the amount of plastic; we create. Waste from plastic causes

5、 a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bags often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing t

6、ough recycling regulations. And many shops are offering biodegradable plastic bags and eco-safe packaging on their products. To help matters, the International Organization for Standardization (the ISO) has also developed a system to evaluate the biodegradability of products, with a certification an

7、d logo scheme, Meanwhile, how about a nice plate for lunch?（1）Which of the following is not the advantage of edible plates? A.They are expensive.B.They can degrade naturally.C.They are environmentally-friendly.D.They are made from natural plant.（2）Which of the following statements is true? A.Tiziano

8、 is from Germany.B.Edible plates are only used for school catering.C.Corn and potato starch can be used to make cutlery.D.The Edible Plate Company doesnt produce edible bowls.（3）What does the underlined word this refer to? A.The air pollution.B.The edible cutlery.C.The toxic gases caused by the burn

9、ing of plastic.D.The damage to the environment caused by plastic waste.（4）What is the main idea of this passage? A.The measures to stop the pollution.B.The ways to reduce the plastic waste.C.How to make edible plates from natural plants. .D.The plate solution to eating and environmental problem.【答案】

10、（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决方法。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Their products are environmentally-friendly, 100% biodegradable and can be used for all types of catering and home use. And theyre made from a natural plant. After use, they can be fed to animals or left to degrade naturall

11、y.”可知，“昂贵”不是edible plates的优势。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“They also have a range of cutlery（餐具） made from corn and potato starch（淀粉）”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。故选C。（3）考查代词指代。根据第三段中的“Waste from plastic causes a lot of damage to the environment, as well as costing governments millions m waste management. Plastic bag

12、s often end up in landfill sites or on the street. And the burning of plastic waste causes toxic gases that pollute the air. In response to this, governments around the world are introducing tough recycling regulations.” 塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。作为对此的回

13、应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾对环境造成的破坏。”故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“When was the last time you used plastic plates? Next time, why not try some edible ones? Youll help the environment and your guests wont go hungry.可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，

14、同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Dogs were living as companions to the early settlers of North America over 10,000 years ago. The oldest domestic dogs in the Americas were thought to be around 9500 years old. Angela Perri of Durham University, UK, and her colleagues have carried out fresh radiocarb

15、on dating on the two dog skeletons that gave this date, discovered in the prehistoric Koster site in Illinois, and found they were even older: around 10,100 years old. A third dog from another Illinois site called Stilwell II was older still, at 10,190 years old. That makes it the oldest known domes

16、ticated dog in the Americas. The team concluded that all three dogs were domesticated as they skeletons were complete and unskinned, and so hadnt been butchered for food. They had also been carefully buried, evidence they were valued by their owners. The Stilwell II dog, which probably resembled a s

17、mall English settler, was under what seemed to be the floor of a living area. It is unclear why it took so long for tame dogs to arrive in the Americas, given that they were domesticated at least 14,000 years ago in Eurasia. By this time, people were already moving into North America from Siberia; t

18、here is evidence some reached Chile 18,500 years ago. Geneticists have found signs of at least three waves of migration over the following millennia. There is no evidence that domestic dogs accompanied them. “We dont know if dogs were part of the first waves of immigration to the Americas says Luc J

19、anssens of Ghent University in Belgium. It could be so, but no archaeological bones have yet been found. It is overwhelmingly probable that some of the early settlers did bring dogs to the Americas, but they may not have had the time or the spiritual compulsion to bury them, says Pat Shipman of Penn

20、sylvania State University.（1）How old is the oldest known domestic dog in the Americas7 A.About 9500 years.B.About 10,100 years.C.10,190 years.D.18,500 years.（2）The underlined word butchered in the fourth paragraph could be replaced by. A.killedB.boughtC.trainedD.raised（3）What is the attitude towards

21、 when tame dogs arrived in the Americas in the last three paragraphs? A.Undoubted.B.Unsure.C.Indifferent.D.Unconfident.（4）What is the main topic of this passage? A.The earliest domestic dog in the Americas.B.The first dog arriving in the Americas.C.How dogs were domesticated in the Americas.D.When t

22、he oldest dog was found in the Americas.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大概一万年以前就在北美成为人类伙伴的狗的种类。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A third dog from another Illinois site called Stilwell II was older still, at 10,190 years old. That makes it the oldest known domesticated dog in the Americas.”可知，美洲最古老的家犬有10,19

23、0年。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The team concluded that all three dogs were domesticated as they skeletons were complete and unskinned, and so hadnt been butchered for food. They had also been carefully buried, evidence they were valued by their owners. ”研究小组得出的结论是，这三种狗都是被驯化的，因为它们的骨骼是完整的，没有皮肤的，所以没有被宰杀作为食物。

24、他们也被仔细地埋葬了，证据表明他们是被主人重视的。关键词buried，可知划线词的意思是“杀死”，故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It is unclear why it took so long for tame dogs to arrive in the Americas, given that they were domesticated at least 14,000 years ago in Eurasia.”可知，对到达美洲的驯服的狗态度是不确定。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Dogs were living as companions to the ea

25、rly settlers of North America over 10,000 years ago. The oldest domestic dogs in the Americas were thought to be around 9500 years old.”可知，美洲有最早的家犬。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 New South Wales, Australia, is setting up c

26、ameras as part of an effort to reduce the number of people preoccupied with wireless devices while they drive. It will be the first area in the world to use the technology to punish drivers distracted (分心) with telephone calls, social media or text messages. Road Safety experts are concerned about t

27、he growing number of accidents involving drivers using smart phones on the states roads. They say drivers who use phones while driving greatly increase their chances of being involved in an accident. The New South Wales government plans to place 45 Mobile Phone Detection Cameras across the state by

28、December. Each phone detection unit contains two cameras. One camera takes pictures of a vehicles registration plate (牌照). A second camera looks through the front window of a car or truck to see what drivers are doing with their hands. The units use artificial intelligence to set aside drivers who a

29、re not touching their phones. Human beings then confirm if the pictures show illegal behavior before notice is sent to the vehicles registered owner. A violation (违反) carries fine of $232. Some cameras will be permanently set up on roadsides. Others will be moved, from time to time, around the state

30、. Two fixed cameras took photographs of 8.5 million vehicles as part of a six-month test earlier this year. The cameras took photos of more than 100,000 drivers with their hands on phones. One driver was using a phone and another electronic device, an Apple iPad, at the same time. Another driver had

31、 a passenger guide the vehicle while they both held phones, the state government said.（1）What is the real purpose to set up cameras in New South Wale? A.To keep records of the accidents.B.To promote the latest technology.C.To find illegal behavior of the drivers.D.To force drivers to focus more on driving.（2）What can we infer from the road safety experts? A.