全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题.docx

1、全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that

2、dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is1to say it anyway. He is that2bird, a scientist who works independently3any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not4thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first su

3、ggested.5he, however, might tremble at the6of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in8are a particular peop

4、le originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test,912-15 points above the10value of 100, and have contributed11to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the12of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,13. They al

5、so suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts,14, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been15to social effects, such as a strong tradition of16education. The latter was seen as a (an)17of genetic isolation. Dr. Coc

6、hran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately18. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has19them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this20state of affairs.1.A selected B prepared C obliged D pleased2.A unique B particular C special D rare3.A o

7、f B with C in D against4.A subsequently B presently C previously D lately5.A Only B So C Even D Hence6.A thought B sight C cost D risk7.A advises B suggests C protests D objects8.A progress B fact C need D question9.A attaining B scoring C reaching D calculating10.A normal B common C mean D total11.

8、A unconsciously B disproportionatelyC indefinitely D unaccountably12.A missions B fortunes C interests D careers13.A affirm B witness C observe D approve14.A moreover B therefore C however D meanwhile15.A given up B got over C carried on D put down16.A assessing B supervising C administering D valui

9、ng17.A development B origin C consequence D instrument18.A linked B integrated C woven D combined19.A limited B subjected C converted D directed20.A paradoxical B incompatible C inevitable D continuousSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the question

10、s below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety

11、 disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New Yorks Veterans Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger

12、 chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a womans increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increase

13、d “opportunities” for stress. “Its not necessarily that women dont cope as well. Its just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than mens,” she observes, “its just that theyre dealing with so many more things that they b

14、ecome worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of rando

15、m physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living