Bill of Lading 海运提单.docx

1、Bill of Lading 海运提单Bill of Lading 海运提单A bill of lading is a receipt for goods shipped on board a vessel, signed by the person (or his agent) who contracts to carry them, and stating the conditions in which the goods were delivered to (and received by) the ship. It is not the actual contract, but for

2、ms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract. It is a document of title to the goods, enabling the shipper or owner of the goods to endorse title to other parties, sell goods in transit, and present to banks with other documents in seeking payment under documentary credits. Abbreviated general

3、ly as B/L, it is the most important document for sea transport.There are different types of bill of lading:（1）Shipped (On Board) B/L and received for shipment B/L已装船提单和备运提单 Shipped B/L is issued by the shipping company after the goods are actually shipped on board the designated vessel. Since shippe

4、d bill of lading provides better guarantee for the consignee to receive the cargo at the destination, the importer will normally require the exporter to produce shipped B/L and most bill of lading forms are preprinted as “Shipped Bill”. Received for Shipment B/L arises where the word “shipped” does

5、not appear on the bill of lading. It merely confirms that the goods have been handed over to, and are in the custody of the shipowner. The buyer under a CIF contract will not accept such a B/L because, in the absence of the date of shipment, he is in no position to anticipate the arrival of the cons

6、ignment.（2） Clean B/L and unclean B/L清洁提单和不清洁提单 A clean bill of lading is the one that states that the goods have been “shipped in apparent good order and condition”. It is issued when the goods do not show any defects on their exteriors at the time of loading at the port of shipment. This type is f

7、avored by the buyer and the banks for financial settlement purposes. If defects are found on the exteriors of the goods, or the shipping company does not agree to any of the statements in the B/L, the bill will be marked as “unclean”, “foul” or “ packages in damaged condition”. Unclean B/L is usuall

8、y unacceptable to the buyer and banks.（3）Straight, blank and order B/L记名、不记名和指示提单 Straight bill of lading has a designated consignee. Under this bill, only the named consignee at the destination is entitled to take delivery of the cargo. As it is not transferable, it is not commonly used in internat

9、ional trade and normally applies to high-value shipments or goods for special purposes. Blank B/L also called Open B/L or Bearer B/L, means that there is no definite consignee of the goods. There usually appear in the box of consignee words like “To bearer”. Anyone who holds the bill is entitled to

10、the goods the bill represents. No endorsement is needed for the transfer of the blank bill. Due to the exceedingly high risk involved, this bill is rarely used. Order B/L is widely used in international trade. It means that the goods are consigned or destined to the order of a named person. In the b

11、ox of consignee, “To order”, “To order of the shipper”, or “To order of the consignee” is marked. It can be transferred only after endorsement is made. If the B/L is made out “To order of the shipper”, the shipper will endorse the bill. If it is made out “To order of the consignee”, the consignee wi

12、ll endorse the bill to transfer it. A blank endorsement is usually required for a “To order” bill.（4）Direct, transshipment, through bill of lading直运、转船和联运提单 Transhipment B/L means that the goods need to be transshipped at an intermediate port as there is no direct service between the shipment port a

13、nd the destination port. It is sometimes necessary to employ two or more carriers to get the goods to their final destination. In this case, usually the first carrier will sign and issue a through bill of lading. The on-carriage may be either by a second vessel or by a different form of transport.（5

14、）Liner B/L, container B/L and combined transport B/L班轮、集装箱和多式联运提单 Liner bill of lading is issued by a liner company for shipment on scheduled port calls through scheduled routes.Container B/L is becoming more common in use with the development of containerization. It covers the goods from port to po

15、rt or from inland point of departure to inland point of destination. Combined transport B/L is issued by combined transport operator that covers the multi-modal transport on a door-to-door basis in one contract of carriage. It is ideal for container movements. It differs from “through B/L” in that c

16、ombined transport is operated by only one carrier.（6）Long form B/L and short form B/L全式提单和简式提单 Long form B/L is more detailed with shipping contract clause printed on the back of the page. Short form B/L, as the name implies, is an abbreviated type of document, smaller and not containing the long list of detailed clauses that generally appear on bills of lading. In certain circumstances it may not, therefore, be considered