教育技术学专业英语重点.docx

1、教育技术学专业英语重点教育技术学专业英语重点 教育技术学专业英语一、Professional Vocabulary（专业词汇、名词解释）Behavioral objectives movement 行为目标运动Cognitive psychology 认知心理学Communications 传播，传播学Cone of experience 经验之塔Constructivism 建构主义Electric performance support systems 电子绩效支持系统General system 一般系统论Instructional systems design(ISD) 教学系统设计K

2、nowledge management systems 知识管理系统Learn-centered learning environments以学习者为中心的学习环境Operant conditioning 操作性条件反射Programmed instruction 程序教学Progressivism 进步主义Reinforcement 强化Subject Matter Expert(SME) 学科内容专家Task analysis 任务分析Verbalism 言语主义Virtual reality 虚拟现实Mass communication 大众传播Incoming message 收文Co

3、operative network 协作网络Sender and receiver 发送者和接收者Innovation Diffusion Theory（IDT) 创新推广理论Instructional development 教学开发Advisory system 咨询系统Automated Instructional Design(AID) 自动化教学设计Authoring tools 著作工具Electronic performance support systems 电子绩效支持系统，简称EPSSInformation management 知识管理Intelligent tutori

4、ng system 智能导师系统Interactive simulation 交互式仿真模拟Systematic instructional development 系统化教学开放Front-end analysis 前端分析Formative evaluation 形成性评价Summative evaluation 总结性评价Events of instruction 教学事件Learning environment 学习环境Student-centered learning 以学生为中心的学习Technology-supported learning environment 技术支持的学习

5、环境Information highway 信息高速公路Information literacy 信息素养Critical skills 关键技能二、填空(书上的图）1、戴尔的“经验之塔” P32、教育技术学的范畴 P143、为有意义的学习必不可少的条件P494、格拉奇-伊利模型 P805、Kemp Model P816、Dick and Carey Model P827、ADDIE Model P83三、重点句子翻译 第一章： Programmed instruction is a method of presenting new subject matter to students in

6、a graded sequence of controlled steps. Students work through the programmed material by themselves at their own speed and after each step test their comprehension by answering an examination question or filling in a diagram. They are then immediately shown the current answer or given additional info

7、rmation. 程序教学一种以可以控制步骤按照由易到难的顺序向学习者呈现新的学科内容的方法。学生按照合适于自己的速度独立学习程序教学材料，在每一个学习材料完成之后通过回答一个测验问题或者填写一个图表来测量他们对学习材料的掌握程度。他们可以立刻得到正确答案或者补充提示等反馈信息。 第三章： He proclaimed that the medium is the message. In other word, new forms of media ,(message) transform our experience of ourselves and our society, and this

8、 influence is ultimately more important than the content that is transmitted in the specific messages. 他声称，媒体及讯息（和数据）。换言之，新的媒体形式（数据）改变了我们自己和所处环境的经验，这种影响最终比那些以其特殊讯息所传递的内容更重要。 Instruction medias are mere vehicles that deliver instruction but do not influence student achievement any more than the truck

9、 deliver our groceries (goods) and causes changes in our nutrition. 教学媒体都仅仅只是传递教育而不会影响学生完成学习活动，就像卡车运输我们的生活用品但不会改变我们的营养一样。 Kozma believes that Clarks view of media as “delivery trucks ” creates an unnecessary schism between medium and methods. From Kozams perspective, media has an important role in l

10、earning. Different technologies can process or operate on the available symbol systems. 考兹曼把克拉克的媒体观看做送货卡车，在媒体和教学方法之间制造了一个不必要的分裂。 考兹曼认为，媒体在学习中起着至关重要的作用，不同种类的技术可以处理或操作其可利用的符号系统。 第五章： Regardless of the differences among psychological perspectives on learning, a solid foundation in various learning theo

11、ry is undoubtedly the most essential element in the preparation of ISD professionals. They must be familiar with the theory and research on learning and must be able to apply them to actual practice. 尽管心理学上对学习的观点存在差异拥有一个坚实的学习理论基础无疑是教学系统设计专业人员职前培训中最基本的要素。教学系统设计人员必须熟悉关于学习的理论与研究，并将之付诸实践。 Cognitive scie

12、nce is making a major contribution to our understanding of how humans perceive, elaboration ,metacognition ,automaticity ,expert/ novice studies, and transfer are only a few of the constructs studied by cognitive psychologists that have important implications for the deign of instruction. 认知科学在解释人类如

13、何感知、加工、存储和重现信息等方面做出了巨大的贡献。图式理论，精细化，元认知，自动化，专家/新手的学习，以及迁移理论都对教学设计有重要的启示，这只是认知心理学家们众多研究中的一小部分。 Behavioral psychology, also known as behaviorism, is a learning theory based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment.

14、According to behaviorism ,behavior can be studied in a systematic and observable manner with on consideration of internal mental states. 行为心理学，也称为行为主义，是一种基于所有行为都是通过条件刺激而产生的学习理论。条件刺激就是重现与环境的相互作用。根据行为主义的观点，可以通过系统方法和观察的方式来研究人的行为，而不用考虑人的内部心理状态。 Behaviorism had its earliest start with the work of Russian

15、 psychologist named Ivan Pavlov. Pavlovs research on the digestive systems of dogs led to his discovery of classical conditioning process, which demonstrated that behaviors could be learned via conditioned associations. Pavlov demonstrated that this learning process could be used to make an associat

16、ion between environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. 最早从事于行为主义研究工作的是俄罗斯的生理学家巴普洛夫。他的关于狗的消化系统的研究也导致了经典条件反射过程的发现，这个发现证明了行为都能通过关联的条件刺激来学习。巴普洛夫还证明了这个学习过程可以用于创造环境刺激与本能刺激间的相关联。 However ,even while accepting such behavioristic concepts, cognitive theorists view learning as involving the acquisition or reorganization of the cognitive structures