备战高考英语临考题号押题卷4160题 完形填空议论文说明文原卷版全国卷1.docx

1、备战高考英语临考题号押题卷4160题 完形填空议论文说明文原卷版全国卷1押全国卷第4160题完形填空（说明文、议论文）题型三说明文或议论文说明文或议论文在完形填空中所占比例不大，只有2014年全国卷考查了议论文。说明文通常为了说明某一事物或者活动，要明确说明对象、理清段落逻辑、分析句子结构；议论文通常对某种观点发表意见或看法，包括论点、论据、论证三个部分。试题演练语篇出处：原创语篇类型：说明文主题语境：大脑记忆Whether youre eight years old or 80, everyone has certain basic types of memory. There is sho

2、rtterm, longterm, and even skillandfactbased _1_ of recollection, just for starters. But think about itcan you _2_ exactly where you were and what you were doing on March 14th, 2007? Most people have no _3_. If you have Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM), however, youre _4_ to remember p

3、ractically everything about that day.Sounds crazy, right? But the _5_ is solid. Studies show that while most people will forget a certain event after just one week, HSAM participants can _6_ it for over a decade. Only around 60 people in the world have been diagnosed with HSAM so far, Curiosity repo

4、rts. Pasternak, now 23, is _7_ the youngest person with HSAM. Give her any date between 2005 and present day, and she will tell you what _8_ of the week it was and everything she did that day in extraordinary _9_. _10_ these habits of people with an impressive memory, and you could _11_ your own ret

5、ention (保留，保持). _12_， researchers still dont understand exactly what gives certain people this amazing _13_. People who have HSAM have different _14_ of recalling dates. Pasternak describes her memory like a Candy Land board. In her _15_ she sees each month as a different _16_ square; June is green,

6、 August is golden yellow, November is dark red. The _17_ connect to form a path, _18_ back to February 2005, when she had her first HSAM memory.Lets face ithaving a perfect memory sounds pretty _19_. But if youre not blessed with a foolproof recall, you can always _20_ like a memory champion with th

7、ese tricks to getting a superhuman memory.1.A.ways BformsC.chances Dabilities2.A.manage BmonitorC.remember Dinvolve3.A.clue BproofC.approach Dattention4.A.casual BautomaticC.likely Dconfident5.A.consequence BimaginationC.conclusion Devidence6.A.recite BrecallC.connect Dcontrol7.A.really BactuallyC.c

8、urrently Dsurely8.A.date BkindC.day Dhour9.A.silence BreturnC.vain Ddetail10.A.Borrow BEquipC.Provide DCombine11.A.create BconveyC.add Dimprove12.A.Instead BHoweverC.Unfortunately DTherefore13.A.power BenergyC.force Dadvantage14.A.ideas BmeansC.series Dmemories15.A.mind BopinionC.life Dheart16.A.fix

9、ed BcoloredC.separated Dlighted17.A.hours BweeksC.months Dyears18.A.bringing BcallingC.returning Ddating19.A.amazing BfunnyC.confusing Dattractive20.A.compete BfightC.train Dstruggle由首句可知，本文介绍与“memory”相关的内容。解题步骤1.结合与“memory”相关的语境，下文中几个空都是围绕这一语境选择答案。如题2、题3、题4、题6等。2.题1与首句中的types是同义词复现；题7与上文的“now”是复现信息

10、；题8与下文“of the week”是复现信息；题9与上文“everything she did that day”是复现信息；题16与下文“June is green, August is golden yellow, November is dark red.”中提到的表示颜色的词是复现信息；题17可以从下文提到的“February”中推测答案。3.题12下文提到“研究者仍然不理解到底是什么使这些人具有特异功能。”可以锁定此处与上文内容构成转折关系。4.题18中可以利用固定搭配“date back to (追溯到)”解题。5.可以根据生活常识或者自己已有的知识解题。如题5、题10、题13

11、、题19等。解题技巧技巧7固定搭配，速答题典例片段(2018全国卷)We chatted about everything and then Ben _1_ to me. “I just want to say thank you，” he said. “You _2_ my life！”1.A.joked BturnedC.listened Dpointed2.A.created BhonoredC.saved Dguided技巧应用：1.识别：turn to sb.是固定搭配 “转向某人”；listen to “听”；point to “指着”。2.save ones life也是固定词组

12、 “挽救某人的生命”。3.结合语境，应该是转向某人说“谢谢”，谢谢他救了自己的命。第1空选B，第2空选C。技巧8语法规则，辨明细技巧应用：典例片段(2019北京东城二模)However, the unease increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a stranger would send money to her son and _1_ he would know it was Zacks birthday. A variety of scenes can go through parents m

13、inds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes.1.A.who BwhatC.when Dhow技巧应用：1.观察：选项都是从句连接词。2.分析：在句中作动词wonder的宾语。3.句意：她纳闷他是怎么知道那是Zack的生日的。故选D。技巧9生活常识，巧利用典例片段(2018全国卷)The bay was bathed in sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little _1_， I rea

14、lized one kayak (皮划艇) was in trouble. “Somethings not right！” I took off my Tshirt and _2_ into the water.1.A.faster BcloserC.heavier Dwiser2.A.stared BsankC.dived Dfell技巧应用：1.语境：描述水上皮划艇出现故障的事。2.常识：只有离得近一些(closer)，才能看到皮划艇出了故障，第1空选B。3.常识： 脱下T恤，跳入(dive)水中，第2空选C。Passage 1（2019江苏卷第4160题） Wildlife has be

15、en greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species(物种) that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 3 . Emma, a female crane

16、, has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6 , though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 8 to live with male cranes, an

17、d even had a 9 for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother. 11 , the two zookeepers didnt want to see the extinction(灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 1

18、3 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 , more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 15 , and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 16 , not everyone has realized th

19、at wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we 17 the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 18 : human beings took it for granted that their 19 held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better

20、20 .1Agrowing Bmigrating Ccompeting Ddisappearing2Aban Bsave Csplit Dremove3Aabortion Brecreation Creproduction Dadministration4Acare Beye Cmind Dstory5Afound Bchosen Craised Dseized6Abonus Bconsequence Cvictory Dsacrifice7Anever Balways Cunluckily Dcheerfully8Aliked Brefused Cdecided Dhesitated9Agi

21、ft Bskill Cconcern Dreputation10Aillegal Binspiring Cimportant Dimpossible11ATherefore BMoreover CHowever DInstead12Acombination Bcollection Cstrategy Dsystem13Aforced Bforbade Ctaught Denabled14Adefeated Bgrateful Cassured Dtolerant15Alist Brise Cagenda Ddecline16AIn contrast BAfter all CBy the way

22、 DOn the contrary17Aleave Bbridge Copen Didentify18Acourse Bexcuse Canswer Dreward19Abrains Bbehaviors Cservices Dprojects20Aguide Btreat Cexample DcompanionPassage 2（2016上海卷第4160题）III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases

23、marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 21 work and will do anything to

24、avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 22 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 23 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions mu

25、st be imposed from 24 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 25 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-makingall members of t

26、he department or work group are asked to 26 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 27 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because th

27、ey have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 28 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 29 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 30 the numbe

28、r of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 31 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 32 been the case. Empowerment a

29、nd delegation mean new forms of management control to 33 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 34 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work

30、on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 35 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.21A desire B seek C lose D dislike22A contrary B expectation C degree D extreme23A vice versa B for example C however

31、D otherwise24A outside B inside C below D above25A replacing B assessing C managing D encouraging26A refer B contribute C object D apply27A agreement B practice C election D impression28A bossy B experienced C western D male29A asking B training C warning D firing30A doubling B maintaining C reducing D estimating31A honored B left C crowded D compared32A econo