非谓语动词二分词.docx

1、非谓语动词二分词非谓语动词二：分词及独立主格结构一、分词：现在分词doing及过去分词done （一） 作状语(表示伴随、原因、条件、让步等)：doing / having done (表示主动)；done / having been done (表示被动) (否定结构：not doing , not having done / not done, not having been done)A: 根椐例句把下面从句改为分词结构：Model: When he was crossing the street, he met a classmate of his.=Crossing the stre

2、et, he met a classmate of his.As he was criticized by the teacher, he felt sad.=Criticized by the teacher, he felt sad.1. While I was trying to open the door, I had my finger hurt._.2. As she didnt have a car, she found it difficult to get around._.3. If its taken on time, the medicine will work._.4

3、. Although I had seen the film twice, I went to the cinema again._.5. After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door._.6. As she was anxious to please him, she bought him a nice present._.7. As the boy was ill, he had to stay in bed._.8. Although he hadnt been invited to the party, he sti

4、ll went there._.9. As I wasnt able to work out the problem, I asked the teacher for help._.10. After he was encouraged by the teacher, he decided to work harder._.11. He became nervous when he was questioned about the murder by the police._.12. As he hadnt received her reply, he decided to e-mail he

5、r again._.13. We didnt bake any cakes, so we had nothing to eat later._.14. We were disturbed by the noise, so we had to finish the meeting early._.15. Because I was interested in the Kooris for many years, I decided to learn their language._.B: 写出适当的分词短语形式1. _(be) a student, he was interested in re

6、ading .2. _(live) in the city for many years, he knows it well.3. _(tell) several times, he still couldnt answer the question.4. _( not teach) before, he couldnt work out the problem.5. _(ask) in English, , he didnt know how to answer.6. _(see) from the hill, the view is beautiful.7. _(cross) the st

7、reet, he was hit by a car.8. _(not receive) his letter, she decided to make a call.9. _(stand) on top of the hill, youll find the city is beautiful.10. _(give) enough time, he can do it better.C: 连词+分词/形容词/名词/介词短语作状语（句子主语须同分词逻辑主语保持一致）(when, while, until; unless, if; as though, as if; although, thoug

8、h; even if, even though; than; as(像；按照);once)When he was crossing the street, he was hit by a car.=When crossing the street, he was hit by a car.=Crossing the street, he was hit by a car.练一练: 用连词+分词/形容词/名词/介词短语改写句子（把从句改成短语）Dont speak unless you are spoken to.He didnt feel nervous at all when he was

9、interviewed.While he was watching TV, he heard the doorbell ring.Mike used to look hurt and surprised when he was scolded.If he is given more time, he will surely do better.He couldnt read these new words even if he had been taught many times.Once you understand these rules, youll feel the game easy

10、 to play.He stood there still as if he were made of stone.请看下面句子，哪一句正确：Seeing a goat on the road, the car stopped.Seeing a goat on the road, the driver stopped the car.D: 形容词作状语如表示伴随，则前面不加being, 如表示原因，则加beingHe got home, tired and hungry.He sat by the window, lost in thought.Being blind, he couldnt

11、go home alone.注意：分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果与句子的主语不一致，那么分词短语就需要有自己的逻辑主语，且要用独立主格结构的形式来表达。(二)分词作定语1. 现在分词(短语)作定语:表示经常性的动作或现在（或当时）的状态且表示主动：a sleeping child, a barking dog, the man standing there, the book lying on the table现在分短语作定语可改为定语从句：They stayed at a hotel standing by the lake.=They stayed at a hot

12、el which stood by the lake.The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday.=The American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday.注意：现在分词作定语，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句：The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.Can you tell me about the fire that happened last night?2. 过去分词作定语及物动词的过去分词表示动作的被动：fried fish, dried fruit, cooked food, reduced prices, a trained nurse, polluted river, finished products, required courses, hidden meaning不及物动词的过去分词表示动作