第11讲 三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛.docx

1、第11讲 三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛第十一讲 三大从句【Target】 掌握：宾语从句的概念和做题三部曲；定语从句中的关系代词判断方法；原因、结果、目的、让步状语从句的相关考点；条件和时间状语从句：主将从现 熟悉：其他类型的状语从句的引导词； 定语从句中whose用法；宾语从句中疑问词+to do【语法总览】 【宾语从句知识】宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。宾语从句的连接词根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句为陈述句，常用that引导。that本身无实际意义，也不在宾语从句

2、中充当任何成分，因此常可省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化来的，应用连接代词who, whose, what, which等或连接副词when, where, why, how等引导。例如：Do you know who they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can

3、 you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化来的，应用if或whether引导。if，whether在句中不充当任何成分，但有一定的意义，意为“是否”，不可省略。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.注意：whetheror not是固定搭配，此处的 whether不能用if代替。如：I dont know whether he has come back or n

4、ot. 我不知道他是否已经回来了。例题( ) 1. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont know_ Tom will come and join us. A. whether B. which C. what D. where( ) 2. What about going to the South Lake for a picnic next weekend? OK. But Im not sure_ it will rain. A. why B. where C. when D. whether( ) 3. Could you tell me_ he

5、came here? He drove here himself. A. how B. why C. when D. whether( ) 4.Do you know_ Emma is? I met her on the playground just now. Awhat Bhow Cwhere Dwho ( ) 5. Do you know _the girl in white is? Im not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.A. how B. where C. what D. who ( ) 6. Do you know _ Zunyi or not tom

6、orrow? A. whether are they leaving for B. whether they are leaving forC. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for( ) 7. Could you tell me _?At the end of July.A. how often he heard from his pen pal B. how soon he will be hereC. that he went on vacation D. when you will start your vacation(

7、 ) 8. Is Tom still in New York or already back at home? Im not sure _. Ill call to make sure. A. how he will be back B. that he has come backC. why he has come back D. if he has been back 宾语从句的语序无论主句是什么语序，宾语从句除了引导词放在从句的句首外，还要注意宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主语谓语”。例如：I think (that) you will like this school.Can you te

8、ll me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we will have the meeting.She asked me whether I would go to the party.注意：当连接代词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，则要保持原来的语序，即“连接代词谓语”。I dont know who is the richest of them. (who在宾语从句中作主语)The teacher asked me what happened to Jenny.Could you tell me which is the way to the N

9、anhu Park?例题( ) 1. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me _? A. where is the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bankC. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where ( ) 2. Do you know _? Yes. She is doing her homework. A. what is your sister doing B. what your sister is doingC. when your siste

10、r is doing homework D. where is your sister doing homework( ) 3. Did the radio say_？ Yes, from Hunan.Ahow the bad rice came Bwhere the bad rice came fromChow did the bad rice come Dwhere did the bad rice come from() 4. Do you know_ of the three?Awhich book she likes best Bwhich best book does she li

11、keCthat which book she likes best Dwhich book she best likes() 5. The woman asked the policeman where_.A. the post office is B. was the post officeC. is the post office D. the post office was() 6. I dont remember_the book yesterday. A. where I put B. where did I putC. where will I put D. where l wil

12、l put宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什么时态。如：I dont know when he will arrive.(从句一般将来时)I think that you told a lie. (从句一般过去时)Please tell us where he is. (从句一般现在时)2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时, 过去将来时）。例如：He asked what time it was.(一般过去时)He told me that he was preparing for the s

13、ports meeting.(过去进行时)He asked if you had written to Peter.(过去完成时)He said that he would go back to the U.S. Soon.(过去将来时)3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.4.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，从句可化为“疑问

14、词不定式”结构。 如：I dont know what I should do next. I dont know what to do next.I dont know how I can do it. I dont know how to do it.例题() 1. I have no idea_the book to the library. Let me tell you. You should return it before this Friday. A. when I will return B. when I return C. when will I return D. wh

15、en I returned() 2. I want to know_.Sorry. Ive no idea. But she was here just now. A. where is Ann B. where Ann is C. where was Ann D. where Ann was() 3. He wanted to know _Awhether he speaks at the meeting Bwhen the meeting would startCwhat hes going to do at the meeting Dwhere would the meeting be

16、held() 4.Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden?The day after tomorrow, I think.Awhen will you visit Bwhen you will visit Cwhen would you visit Dwhen you would visit() 5.Could you tell me _ at 8:00 last night?Er, I was watching TV at home.Awhat you were doing Bwhat were you doingCwhat you are doing D

17、what are you doing() 6. The math problem is so hard. I really dont know_.A. how to do it B. how to do C. what to do it D. what will I do( ) 7. Did you know that_. A. light goes faster than sound B. light will go faster than sound C. light went faster than sound D. light would go faster than sound (

18、) 8. Sorry, what did you say just now?I asked _.A. when he leaves for Lundon B. what you are busy doingC. who you will go with D. how I could get to the station( ) 9. The policewoman asked the little boy _.A. where did he live B. where he lived C. where he lives D. where does he live 【能力强化】( ) 1.Cou

19、ld you please tell me _？ Certainly.A. what should I do to improve my English B. how can I get to the reading roomC. what she is looking for D. when shall we have a parents meeting( ) 2. He wants to know _.A. when the London Olympics will begin B. when will the London Olympics beginC. what the London

20、 Olympics will begin D. what will the London Olympics begin( ) 3.Do you know_ London for the 30th Olympic Games? Next month.A. when they visited B. when will they visitC. when did they visited D. when they will visit( ) 4.Can I join you? Sure, we are talking about _. A. when shall we go to the movie

21、 B. how can we go there C. who should we go with D. why we like the movie( ) 5.The man said _ he saw many strangers coming into his village.A. when B. whether C. what D. that( ) *6.The teacher told us the earth _ the sun.A. went around B. goes around C. go around D. has gone around ( ) 7.What did yo

22、ur teacher say this morning? She asked me _. A. when Tom would get to school B. what will Tom do at school C. how did Tom come to school D. why was Tom late for school( ) 8.I cant find Mary. Wheres she? Sorry, I dont know _. A. where has she been B. where she has been C. where has she gone D. where

23、she has gone ( ) 9.Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2009. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived( ) 10.I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave() *11. Sorry, I dont know what the teacher s

24、aid just now. He asked Maria _. A. how long she usually spends on her homework B. what she was doing these days C. why didnt Mike come to the meeting yesterday D. when the speech will begin ( ) 12. What are you talking about? We are talking about _ to give a talk on WTO. Today or tomorrow? A. how B.

25、 where C. when D. what( ) 13. I wonder _. A. where does he live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives( ) 14. David asked_ in China. Of course not. Chinese usually shake hands with a lady as a greeting. A. why he can greet a lady by kissing her B. Why he could greet a lady by kissing h

26、er C. Whether he can greet a lady by kissing her D. Whether he could greet a lady by kissing her 【定语从句】概念：用来修饰名词、名词词组或代词的从句叫定语从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，被定语从句所修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫先行词。如：He is the man who I want to see. 他就是我想要见的那个人。 先行词关系词 定语从句分类：定语从句主要由关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that和关系副词when，where，why引导。作用：关系代词或关系副词位于

27、先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，又在定语从句中担任某种成分。 关系代词引导的定语从句一、先行词是人的情况1. 做主语，用who和that。例如：The visitor who/that came yesterday is an English teacher2. 做宾语，用whom/that/who，可省略。例如：Do you know the girl whom/that/who Tom is talking to?二、先行词是物的情况1. 做主语，用which和that。例如：This is the book that/which is written by Mo Yan.2. 做宾语

28、，用which和that，可省略。例如：The cake that/which I made yesterday is good.三、whose的使用意为“的”；先行词可是人，也可是物；在定语从句中作定语whose+名词。例如：He has a friend whose father is a doctor.I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 关系代词总结先行词是人先行词是物缺主语：用who 和 that；缺主语：用which 和 that；缺宾语：用who, whom和that或省略缺宾语：用which和that或省略whose：一般前后

29、都有名词，“的”【能力强化】( ) 1. I can never forget the stories_ my grandma told me. A. what B. who C. them D. that( ) 2.What kind of movies do you like?I like the movies _ are about Chinese history. A. who B. whom C. whose D which( ) 3.Im looking at the photo _ you sent me with your letter.Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dit ( ) 4.Its time to say goodbye to my school. Ill always remember the people _