第11讲 三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛.docx

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第11讲 三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛.docx

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第11讲 三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛.docx

第11讲三大从句广东中考英语语法复习专题原创资源大赛

第十一讲三大从句

【Target】

⏹掌握:

宾语从句的概念和做题三部曲;定语从句中的关系代词判断方法;原因、结果、目的、让步状语从句的相关考点;条件和时间状语从句:

主将从现

⏹熟悉:

其他类型的状语从句的引导词;定语从句中whose用法;宾语从句中疑问词+todo

【语法总览】

【宾语从句知识】

宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。

宾语从句的连接词

根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。

1.由that引导的宾语从句。

如果宾语从句为陈述句,常用that引导。

that本身无实际意义,也不在宾语从句中充当任何成分,因此常可省略。

例如:

Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.

Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.

Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.

2.如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化来的,应用连接代词who,whose,what,which等或连接副词when,where,why,how等引导。

例如:

Doyouknowwhotheyarewaitingfor?

Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?

Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.

3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句转化来的,应用if或whether引导。

if,whether在句中不充当任何成分,但有一定的意义,意为“是否”,不可省略。

例如:

Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.

注意:

whether…ornot是固定搭配,此处的whether不能用if代替。

如:

Idon'tknowwhetherhehascomebackornot.我不知道他是否已经回来了。

例题

()1.We’llplanttreestomorrow,andIdon’tknow__________Tomwillcomeandjoinus.

A.whetherB.whichC.whatD.where

()2.—WhataboutgoingtotheSouthLakeforapicnicnextweekend?

—OK.ButI’mnotsure__________itwillrain.

A.whyB.whereC.whenD.whether

()3.—Couldyoutellme__________hecamehere?

—Hedroveherehimself.

A.howB.whyC.whenD.whether

()4.—Doyouknow__________Emmais?

—Imetherontheplaygroundjustnow.

A.whatB.howC.whereD.who

()5.—Doyouknow__________thegirlinwhiteis?

—I’mnotsure.Maybesheisadoctor.

A.howB.whereC.whatD.who

()6.Doyouknow__________Zunyiornottomorrow?

A.whetheraretheyleavingforB.whethertheyareleavingfor

C.iftheyareleavingforD.ifaretheyleavingfor

()7.—Couldyoutellme__________?

—AttheendofJuly.

A.howoftenheheardfromhispenpalB.howsoonhewillbehere

C.thathewentonvacationD.whenyouwillstartyourvacation

()8.—IsTomstillinNewYorkoralreadybackathome?

—I’mnotsure__________.I’llcalltomakesure.

A.howhewillbebackB.thathehascomeback

C.whyhehascomebackD.ifhehasbeenback

宾语从句的语序

无论主句是什么语序,宾语从句除了引导词放在从句的句首外,还要注意宾语从句要用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语+……”。

例如:

Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschool.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

Pleasetellmewhenwewillhavethemeeting.

SheaskedmewhetherIwouldgototheparty.

注意:

当连接代词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时,则要保持原来的语序,即“连接代词+谓语”。

Idon'tknowwhoistherichestofthem.(who在宾语从句中作主语)

TheteacheraskedmewhathappenedtoJenny.

CouldyoutellmewhichisthewaytotheNanhuPark?

例题

()1.Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme__________?

A.whereisthebanknearestB.whereisthenearestbank

C.wherethenearestbankisD.thenearestbankiswhere

()2.—Doyouknow__________?

—Yes.Sheisdoingherhomework.

A.whatisyoursisterdoingB.whatyoursisterisdoing

C.whenyoursisterisdoinghomeworkD.whereisyoursisterdoinghomework

()3.—Didtheradiosay________?

—Yes,fromHunan.

A.howthebadricecameB.wherethebadricecamefrom

C.howdidthebadricecomeD.wheredidthebadricecomefrom

(  )4.Doyouknow________ofthethree?

A.whichbookshelikesbestB.whichbestbookdoesshelike

C.thatwhichbookshelikesbestD.whichbookshebestlikes

(  )5.Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere__________.

A.thepostofficeisB.wasthepostoffice

C.isthepostofficeD.thepostofficewas

(  )6.Idon’tremember__________thebookyesterday.

A.whereIputB.wheredidIput

C.wherewillIputD.wherelwillput

宾语从句的时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什么时态。

如:

Idon’tknowwhenhewillarrive.(从句一般将来时)

Ithinkthatyoutoldalie.(从句一般过去时)

Pleasetelluswhereheis.(从句一般现在时)

2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时)。

例如:

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.(一般过去时)

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeeting.(过去进行时)

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.(过去完成时)

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.Soon.(过去将来时)

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。

例如:

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

4.当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时,从句可化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。

如:

Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon'tknowwhattodonext.

Idon'tknowhowIcandoit.=Idon'tknowhowtodoit.

例题

(  )1.—Ihavenoidea__________thebooktothelibrary.

—Letmetellyou.YoushouldreturnitbeforethisFriday.

A.whenIwillreturnB.whenIreturnC.whenwillIreturnD.whenIreturned

(  )2.—Iwanttoknow_________.

—Sorry.I’venoidea.Butshewasherejustnow.

A.whereisAnnB.whereAnnisC.wherewasAnnD.whereAnnwas

(  )3.Hewantedtoknow________.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe'sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld

(  )4.—Couldyoutellme________theBambooGarden?

—Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit

(  )5.—Couldyoutellme________at8:

00lastnight?

—Er,IwaswatchingTVathome.

A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoing

C.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing

(  )6.Themathproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow__________.

A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoitD.whatwillIdo

()7.Didyouknowthat_________.

A.lightgoesfasterthansoundB.lightwillgofasterthansound

C.lightwentfasterthansoundD.lightwouldgofasterthansound

()8.—Sorry,whatdidyousayjustnow?

—Iasked__________.

A.whenheleavesforLundonB.whatyouarebusydoing

C.whoyouwillgowithD.howIcouldgettothestation

()9.Thepolicewomanaskedthelittleboy__________.

A.wheredidheliveB.wherehelived

C.wherehelivesD.wheredoeshelive

【能力强化】

()1.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?

—Certainly.

A.whatshouldIdotoimprovemyEnglishB.howcanIgettothereadingroom

C.whatsheislookingforD.whenshallwehaveaparents'meeting

()2.Hewantstoknow________.

A.whentheLondonOlympicswillbeginB.whenwilltheLondonOlympicsbegin

C.whattheLondonOlympicswillbeginD.whatwilltheLondonOlympicsbegin

()3.—Doyouknow________Londonforthe30thOlympicGames?

—Nextmonth.

A.whentheyvisitedB.whenwilltheyvisit

C.whendidtheyvisitedD.whentheywillvisit

()4.—CanIjoinyou?

—Sure,wearetalkingabout________.

A.whenshallwegotothemovieB.howcanwegothere

C.whoshouldwegowithD.whywelikethemovie

()5.Themansaid________hesawmanystrangerscomingintohisvillage.

A.whenB.whetherC.whatD.that

()*6.Theteachertoldustheearth________thesun.

A.wentaroundB.goesaroundC.goaroundD.hasgonearound

()7.—Whatdidyourteachersaythismorning?

—Sheaskedme________.

A.whenTomwouldgettoschoolB.whatwillTomdoatschool

C.howdidTomcometoschoolD.whywasTomlateforschool

()8.—Ican'tfindMary.Where'sshe?

—Sorry,Idon'tknow________.

A.wherehasshebeenB.whereshehasbeen

C.wherehasshegoneD.whereshehasgone

()9.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2009.

A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived

()10.Idon’tknowwhen__________.

A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave

(  )*11.—Sorry,Idon'tknowwhattheteachersaidjustnow.

—HeaskedMaria________.

A.howlongsheusuallyspendsonherhomeworkB.whatshewasdoingthesedays

C.whydidn'tMikecometothemeetingyesterdayD.whenthespeechwillbegin

()12.—Whatareyoutalkingabout?

   —Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.Todayortomorrow?

   A.how     B.where   C.when     D.what

()13.Iwonder_________.

   A.wheredoeshelive          B.whereheliveC.heliveswhere           D.wherehelives

()14.—Davidasked________inChina.

—Ofcoursenot.Chineseusuallyshakehandswithaladyasagreeting.

A.whyhecangreetaladybykissingher

B.Whyhecouldgreetaladybykissingher

C.Whetherhecangreetaladybykissingher

D.Whetherhecouldgreetaladybykissingher

【定语从句】

概念:

用来修饰名词、名词词组或代词的从句叫定语从句。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词,被定语从句所修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫先行词。

如:

HeisthemanwhoIwanttosee.他就是我想要见的那个人。

先行词 关系词 定语从句

分类:

定语从句主要由关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that和关系副词when,where,why引导。

作用:

关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间,既起连接作用,又在定语从句中担任某种成分。

关系代词引导的定语从句

一、先行词是人的情况

1.做主语,用who和that。

例如:

Thevisitorwho/thatcameyesterdayisanEnglishteacher

2.做宾语,用whom/that/who,可省略。

例如:

Doyouknowthegirlwhom/that/whoTomistalkingto?

二、先行词是物的情况

1.做主语,用which和that。

例如:

Thisisthebookthat/whichiswrittenbyMoYan.

2.做宾语,用which和that,可省略。

例如:

Thecakethat/whichImadeyesterdayisgood.

三、whose的使用

意为“……的”;先行词可是人,也可是物;在定语从句中作定语whose+名词。

例如:

Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.

Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.

☆关系代词总结

先行词是人

先行词是物

缺主语:

用who和that;

缺主语:

用which和that;

缺宾语:

用who,whom和that或省略

缺宾语:

用which和that或省略

whose:

一般前后都有名词,“……的”

【能力强化】

()1.Icanneverforgetthestories_________mygrandmatoldme.

A.whatB.whoC.themD.that

()2.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?

—Ilikethemovies_________areaboutChinesehistory.

A.whoB.whomC.whoseDwhich

( )3.I'mlookingatthephoto________yousentmewithyourletter.

A.whoB.whomC.whichD.it

( )4.It'stimetosaygoodbyetomyschool.I'llalwaysrememberthepeople____

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