考研英语真题一真题及解析.docx

1、考研英语真题一真题及解析2021 考研英语真题一Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 10 pointsAncient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as a bodily exercise precious to health. But 1 some claims to the co

2、ntrary， laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does 2 short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels， 3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 ， a good laugh is unlikely to have 5 benefits the way， say， walki

3、ng or jogging does.Although sadness also 14 tears， evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988，social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of wrzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16 a pen either with their teeth -thereby creating an art

4、ificial smile or with their lips， which would produce an 17 expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months were contracted in a frown， 19 that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around 20 ， the physical act of l

5、aughter could improve mood.1.Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike 2.Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce3.Astabilizing Bboosting Cimpairing Ddetermining 4.Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve 5.Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenewable6.AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief7.Aopposite Bimpossible C

6、average Dexpected 8.Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes 9.Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance 10.Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious Dinternal 11.AExcept for BAccording to CDue to DAs for 12.Awith Bon Cin Dat13.Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause 14.Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses 15.Ainto Bfrom C

7、towards Dbeyond 16.Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold17.Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent 18.Aadapted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted 19.Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsupposing 20.AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConverselyPart A Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions be

8、low each text by choosing A， B， Cor D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 points Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2021. For the

9、most part， the response has been favorable， to say the least. Hooray！ At last！ wrote Anthony Tommasini， a sober-sided classical-music critic.One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new music has b

10、een widely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into a markedly different， more vibrant organization. But what will be the nature of that difference？ Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert

11、 and the Philharmonic are to succeed， they must first change the relationship between Americas oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.21.We learn from Para.1 that Gilberts appointment has Aincurred criticism.Braised suspicion. Creceived acclaim. Daroused curiosity.22.Tommasini rega

12、rds Gilbert as an artist who is Ainfluential.Bmodest.Crespectable. Dtalented.23.The author believes that the devoted concertgoers Aignore the expenses of live performances. Breject most kinds of recorded performances.alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with t

13、he explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure， executives who dont get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their re

14、putations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold， deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter， CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had， according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up，opp

15、ortunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis

16、 Carey：I cant think of a single search Ive done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. The traditional rule was its

17、 safer to stay where you are，but thats been fundamentally inverted， says one headhunter. The people whove been hurt the worst are those whove stayed too long.26.When McGee announced his departure， his manner can best be described as being Aarrogant.Bfrank.Cself-centered. Dimpulsive.27.According to P

18、aragraph 2， senior executives quitting may be spurred by Atheir expectation of better financial status.Btheir need to reflect on their private life.Ctheir strained relations with the boards. Dtheir pursuit of new career goals.28.The word poached Line 3， Paragraph 4 most probably means Aapproved of.

19、Battended to. Chunted for. Dguarded against.29.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Atop performers used to cling to their posts. Bloyalty of top performers is getting out-dated. Ctop performers care more about reputations. Dits safer to stick to the traditional rules.30.Which of the foll

20、owing is the best title for the text？ ACEOs： Where to Go？BCEOs： All the Way Up？ CTop Managers Jump without a NetDThe Only Way Out for Top PerformersText 3social-media response campaign， which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.31

21、.Consumers may create earned media when they areAobscssed with online shopping at certain Web sites.Binspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.Ceager to help their friends promote quality products.D32.According to Paragraph 2，sold media featureAa safe business environment.BCstrong user traf

22、fic.Dflexibility in organization.33.The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned mediaAinvite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.Bcan be used to produce negative effects in marketing.CD34.Toyota Motors experience is cited as an example ofAresponding effectively to hijacked media.Bpersua

23、ding customers into boycotting products.Ccooperating with supportive consumers.Dtaking advantage of hijacked media.35.Which of the following is the text mainly about ？AAlternatives to conventional paid media.BConflict between hijacked and earned media.CDominance of hijacked media.DPopularity of owne

24、d media.Text 4The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive andnewly single mom Sandra Bullock， as well as the usual Jennifer Aniston is pregnant news. Practically ev

25、ery week features at least one celebrity mom， or mom-to-be， smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation， is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ？ It doesnt seem quite fair， then，Of course

26、， the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic， especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples， single parents are the least happy of a

27、ll. No shock there， considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on； yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it，raising a kid on their ownread：with round-the-clock helpis a piece of cake.Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese

28、and Angelina make it look so glamorous： most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But its interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free， happiness-enhancing parenthood arent in some small， subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actualexpe

29、rience， in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting the Rachel might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring Atemporary delightBenjoyment in progress Chappiness in retrospect Dlasting reward37.We learn f

30、rom Paragraph 2 thatAcelebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip. Bsingle mothers with babies deserve greater attention. Cnews about pregnant celebrities is entertaining. Dhaving children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks Aare constantly expos

31、ed to criticism.Bare largely ignored by the media.Cfail to fulfill their social responsibilities. Dare less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4， the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is Asoothing.40.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？ AHaving children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.BCelebrity moms have influenced our attitude to