佛山市最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习及答案.docx

1、佛山市最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习及答案佛山市最新 版高考英语 阅读理解专题练习(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 When someone is rude to you, it can put you in a bad mood. It may even lead you to be rude to someone else, creating a chain of rudeness. In fact, this troubling chain may even be caused by simply seeing someone be rude to another perso

2、n. You dont even have to be the target of the had behavior, stated a researcher. The researchers worked with 81 persons, with occupations ranging from security to business to medicine, who were asked to complete online surveys over a 10-day period. Participants recorded their moods when they woke up

3、; and in the evening, they described their experiences over the course of that day. Each morning the participants also viewed a short video, describing workplace interaction of some kind. Half of the mornings, the video included some kind of rudeness while the other half had some kind of warm intera

4、ction in the workplace. Rudeness was conveyed through various means, including a lack of eye contact or unpleasant language. Participants who watched the rudeness videos reported seeing or experiencing rudeness during the day, and they were also more likely to escape from fellow employees to avoid b

5、eing the victims of rudeness themselves. They reported their overall work suffered that day as a result. Not all participants were affected by the rudeness videos, however. A few weeks before the study began, the participants completed an evaluation that measured their self-confidence and emotional

6、stability among other things. The participants who scored higher on this evaluation were significantly less likely to be influenced by the rudeness. Consequently, one of the researchers recommended that companies hire managers who can limit exposure to rudeness, provide plenty of positive reinforcem

7、ent (强化) and build a civil workplace environment. This, in turn, could help employees build their confidence levels and help them better handle workplace rudeness.（1）What is Paragraph 1 intended to show? A.The popularity of rudeness.B.A regular cause of rudeness.C.A new finding about rudeness.D.The

8、common disadvantage of rudeness.（2）Why are the short videos played for the participants? A.To make them spread rudeness.B.To educate them on workplace interaction.C.To expose them to various aspects of rudeness.D.To teach them how to use right body languages.（3）What is the probable effect of watchin

9、g the videos on some participants? A.Being unwilling to work.B.Poor ability to do their work.C.Serious emotional sufferings.D.Less interaction with others.（4）Who may not be affected by the rudeness videos? A.People positive and kind to themselves.B.People keeping calm in stressful situations.C.Peopl

10、e owning confidence in others ability.D.People participating in the rudeness experiment.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，关于“无礼”行为作为一种“传染性”行为是可以避免的。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“You dont even have to be the target of the bad behavior”你甚至不必成为不良行为的目标，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了这种无礼行为的“传染性”之后，是在引出一项关于这种行为的新发现。故选C。 （

11、2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Each morning the participants also viewed a short video, describing workplace interaction of some kind.”每天早上，参与者还观看了一段描述某种工作场所互动的短视频；第四段中的“Participants who watched the rudeness videos reported seeing or experiencing rudeness during the day”观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为 和第五段中的“Not a

12、ll participants were affected by the rudeness videos, however.”然而，并不是所有的参与者都受到了粗鲁视频的影响。可知，让参与者观看视频是为了让他们受到更多的影响而研究他们的情绪变化。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Participants who watched the rudeness videos reported seeing or experiencing rudeness during the day, and they were also more likely to escape from fellow

13、employees to avoid being the victims of rudeness themselves. They reported their overall work suffered that day as a result.”观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为，而且他们也更有可能逃离同事，以免自己成为无礼行为的受害者。他们报告说，他们的整体工作因此受到影响。可知，一些参与者在观看视频之后会逃避与人交流以免成为受影响者。故选D。 （4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“A few weeks before the study began, the p

14、articipants completed an evaluation that measured their self-confidence and emotional stability among other things. The participants who scored higher on this evaluation were significantly less likely to be influenced by the rudeness.”在研究开始前几周，参与者完成了一项评估，评估内容包括他们的自信心和情绪稳定性等。在这项评估中得分较高的参与者受粗鲁行为影响的可能性

15、明显较低。可知，不易受到影响的人较为冷静沉着。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the average height of 18

16、-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014. The results show that while Swedes were the tallest people in the world in 1914, Dutch men have risen from 12th place to claim top spot with an average height of 182.5cm. Latvian women, meanwhile, rose from 28th place in 1914 to become the tallest i

17、n the world a century later, with an average height of 169.8cm. James Bentham, a co-author of the research from Imperial College, London, says the global trend is likely to be due to improvements in nutrition and healthcare. An individuals genetics has a big influence on their height, but once you a

18、verage over whole populations, genetics plays a less key role, he added. A little extra height brings a number of advantages, says Elio Riboli of Imperial College. Being taller is associated with longer life expectancy, he said. This is largely due to a lower risk of dying of cardiovascular(心血管的)dis

19、ease among taller people. But while height has increased around the world, the trend in many African countries causes concern, says Riboli. While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century, the trend has reversed in recent years, with height decreasing among 18-year-olds. One

20、 reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential(潜力)in

21、 terms of height. Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in, he said. If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to

22、 come.（1）What does the global study tell us about peoples height in the last century? A.The increase in peoples height has been quickening.B.The increase in womens height is bigger than in mens.C.There is a remarkable difference across continents.D.There has been a noticeable increase in most countr

23、ies.（2）What does Elio Riboli say about taller people? A.They enjoy an easier life.B.They tend to live longer.C.They risk fewer deadly diseases.D.They have greater expectations in life.（3）What does the underlined word reversed in Paragraph 5 mean? A.Slowed down.B.Gone upwards.C.Changed to the contrar

24、y.D.Come to life again.（4）What does James Bentham suggest we do? A.Ensure childrens proper nutrition and healthcare.B.Improve the economic situation of some countries.C.Watch the global trend of increasing height closely.D.Attach great importance to environmental protection.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析

25、】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。全球身高增长的趋势有着重要的影响。我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。作者建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5c

26、m. A global study looked at the average height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.“在过去的一个世纪里，人们的身高不断增长，韩国女性的平均身高增加了20厘米以上，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青年的平均身高。可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年到2014年200个国家18岁年轻人的平均身高，得出了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Being taller is a

27、ssociated with longer life expectancy“可知，身材更高的人平均寿命更长。故选B。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的”While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century“而在20世纪早期，乌干达和尼日尔的身高有所增加；以及”with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.“在18岁的人群中，随着身高的下降。可知，reversed的意思是反转。故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”If we give children t

28、he best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.“如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来的几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。可知，他建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldnt un

29、derstand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying. So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering tha

30、t so, too, does crying. Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying. Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree

31、 that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we dont even know were very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them. Just as crying can be healthy, not crying - holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering - can be bad for physical health, Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems an