初二上册知识点讲义.docx

1、初二上册知识点讲义Unit 4 How do you get to school?1. get to school = arrive at/ reach school 到校 2. a bus stop公共汽车站, a train/ subway station火车(地铁站)站,a bus station客运站, a TV station 电视台3. take the subway 乘地铁 4. ride a bike 骑自行车 5. take the/a bus乘公共汽车 6. want to do sth.想做某事7. take a taxi乘坐出租车 8. walk to school 步

2、行上学9. go in ones car 坐(某人的)车 10. in North America 在北美11. by bike/ bus/ subway/ car/ train乘坐车12. in other parts of the world在世界的其他地区13. have a quick breakfast迅速吃早饭14. depend on=depend upon 依靠,靠决定15. the early bus 早班车 16. leave for 起程（动身）前往 17. take sb. to sp.带某人到某处 18. a number of=many 许多 19. the num

3、ber of .的数量20. Doing sth. takes sb. some time/ money. =It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. =sb. spends some time/money (on sth.). =sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth. =sth. costs sb. some time/money. =sb. pay some money for sth. 某人花费多少金钱/时间做某事 21. worry about( sb./sth.)=be worried about(s

4、b/sth.) 为某人(事)着急/担心22. around the world= all over the world 世界各地,全世界 23. be different from 与不同 24. how far 多远Sentences :How long/ far 引导的特殊疑问句：1. How do you get to school ?-Well,I usually walk but sometimes I take the bus.2. How long does it take?-It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by

5、bus.3. How far is it from his home to school?-About 10 kilometers.4. 回答所用交通方式的时候可以这样回答：I ride my bike.He walks to school.I take the bus.She takes the subway.Unit5 Can you come to my party?1. 情态动词can的用法（必背）： Can you come to my party?-sure, Id love to.can she go to the movies?-No, she cant. shes playi

6、ng soccer.2. 交际用语（必背）： -如何向他人提出邀请：Can you come to?你能来参加吗？Will you come to?你回来吗？Would you like to?你愿意吗？I hope you can我希望你能How/ what about coming to?来怎么样？-表示接受别人的邀请：Yes, its very kind/ nice of you.是的，你真是太好了。Yes, Id love to.是的，我愿意去。Sure. What time ?当然。什么时间？That sounds great!那听起来棒极了！-表拒绝别人的邀请：Im sorry,

7、I cant. I have toIm sorry, I cant. Im doingMaybe another time.Thanks for asking.对不起，我不能。我要那改天吧。谢谢邀请。Id love to, but我想去，但是（后接拒绝原因）I wish I could come, but 我希望我能来，但是（后接拒绝原因）中考知识点连接：1. can you?句型的用法：2. another的用法及another, the other, others的区别：3. have fun 的用法：4. 名词所有格的用法：5. why not句型的用法：6. Whats today?的

8、用法及扩展：7. invite的常见短语：8. busy的用法：9. join，attend，take part in, join in 的区别：10.whole 和all的用法区别：UNIT6 Im more outgoing than my sister.一、 Sentences in Communication:1. 询问“谁比谁更吗？一般用比较级的结构。即：“Is A + 形容词比较级+ than+ B”Is Tom smarter than Sam?2询问“你们看起来一样/不同吗？” Do you look the same?Do you look the different?3、询

9、问“你认为吗？”用句型“Do you think” Do you think I should go? Do you think he is a good teacher?3. 询问“你喜欢他/她哪儿”或“你为什么喜欢他/她？”What do you like about her?What else do you like about her?Why do you like him?二、 Grammar:形容词比较级 Pedro is funnier than Paul. Tina is taller than Tara.Tom is more athletic than Sam.1. 结构：

10、2. 用法：3. 变化规则：4. 例句：三、 直击中考考点：1. than的用法：2. both的用法：（1）代词：（2）形容词：拓展：3. as as结构的用法：Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister. 4. make 做使役动词的用法（make sb do sth）注意：中考链接：Tom often makes his brother _but yesterday he was made _by his brother.5. popular 的用法：adj. 流行的；受欢迎的比较级：最高级：拓展：6. stop的用法：7. care：

11、8. be good with sb be good with+工具 Be good for be good at be good to9. necessary : adj. 必要的；必须的；必需的Its necessary (for sb) to do sth Unit7 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、 key phrases: turn on打开 pourinto 把倒入 mix up混合在一起 a slice of一片 two teaspoons of两茶匙 cut up切碎 putinto把放入 addto把加到上 how many/ ho

12、w much 多少 on the top在上面，最上面二、 sentences in communication:1.询问他人做某事的方式、方法或过程时应该说：How do you/ does he?回答时用：first, next, then, finally等副词来说明步骤。例子：how do you make a banana milk shake?-First, peel three bananas. Next 2. 当建议他人和你一起做某事时，应说：Lets do sth.What about/ how about doing sth?例子：Lets make fruit salad

13、!- Good idea.3. 当不确定如何回答别人的问话时，常需要一些话过渡。Let me think is over.Give me one minute/ second.例子：How many hours do you work every day?-Let me think. Oh, about ten hours. I am very tired.4. 同别人交谈时，询问对方喜欢什么可以说：Do you like？例子：Do you like the weather here?-No, its too dry.三Grammar: 1.可数名词和不可数名词：课文原句：How many

14、bananas do we need? -Three. How much yogurt do we need?用法：变化：可数名词的规则变化 可数名词的不规则变化： 例子：2. 祈使句：How do you make a banana milk shake ? -peel the bananas用法：结构：例句：三、 中考考点：1、 turn on 的用法：拓展：2、 与put有关的短语:3. Some 和any的用法（复习）：Walt, we have few vegetables for dinner.-Could I go and buy_?-Yes , sure . But I don

15、t have _ money. UNIT8 HOW WAS YOUR SCHOOL TRIP?1. IMPORTANT PHRASES:Go to the zoo on the school trip take photosOutdoor pool hung out after lunchBuy sb sth at the end of win first prizeOn my next day off have a great time play computer games2. sentences in communication:(1) 询问某人去哪了用”where did sb go?

16、”句型：(2) “在过去某个时间有没有做什么”用”Did sb do”(3) 表“某地有某物“用there be 句型：1 肯定句用there be 2 否定句用there be not3 疑问句用Be there? 答语：Yes, there be. No, there be not.(4) 询问“你还做其他什么事了吗?”用”what else did you”What else did you eat？ What else did you see?3. GRAMMAR:一般过去式 课文原句：Did you go the zoo? _No, I didnt. I went to the aq

17、uarium.Did you see any seals?-yes, I saw some seals.Were there any sharks?-No, there werent any sharks.用法：结构：肯定句：否定句：一般疑问句：特殊疑问句： 动词过去式的构成：不规则变化：例句：4. 直击中考考点： hang的用法：Hang v.逗留，徘徊 单数第三人称 hangs 过去式：hanged/ hung 过去分词：hanged/ hung 现在分词：hanging1 逗留；徘徊 常与out联用构成hang out 短语2 悬挂（过去式为hung）3 绞死；吊死（过去式为hanged

18、）注意：What happened to the thief later?The king had him_ the next day.A. hung B. hang C. hang D. hanging(2)competition的用法Maria won first prize in yesterdays singing competition.短语归纳：（3）future n . 将来，未来短语：20XX年考题：（4）umbrella n. 雨伞，伞 复数：umbrellas短语：考题：Unit 9 When was he born?.GRAMMAR:一般过去时的特殊疑问句（1）课文原句：

19、when was he born? -he was born in 1895.How long did he hiccup? -he hiccupped for 69 years .When did he hiccupping? -he started hiccupping in 1622.(2)when做疑问副词“什么时候”引导特殊疑问句用于对某人的出生日期及时间提问，特殊疑问句的结构为：（3）how long引导特殊疑问句，对表一段时间的状语进行提问，其句型为：.交际用语（Expressions in communication）：1.询问某人的出生年月及地点用：when/ where w

20、as/were sb born?2.询问某人何时开始做某事用：when did sb begin/start to do/doing sth?.直击中考考点：1、be born的用法 be born in Be born of考题连接：I was born _the morning _February 25th,1997.A. in; of B. on; in C. in; in D. on; ofI was born_ October 1st, 1998_ su Zhou.A. on; on B. in; in C. on; in D. in; on2、too to 的用法考题连接：The

21、bag of rice is _heavy for Tom to carry. Lets go and help him.You are _ young to understand it.3.70-year 复合形容词考题连接：-UP to now the Chinese Communist Party has nearly_ history.-yes, it was founded _ July 23rd ,1921.A90 years; at B.90-year ;in C. 90-years ; of D. 90-year ; onHow amazing the noodle is!-Y

22、es, it is_, and breaks the Guinness World Record as the longest handmade noodle.A. 1,704 meter-long B. 1,704-meters-long C. 1,704 meter long D. 1,704 meter s long4. see sb do sth see sb doing sth用法区别知识归纳：和see用法类似的词有：5.at the age of+基数词“在多少岁时” golden age middle age under age6. because of +名词/名词短语.生词词

23、组：1、record n. 记录；最高纪录；唱片 v.记录；录制；录音；录像Break a record keep a record set a new record2.national adj.国家的；全国的；民族的 n.国家，民族National flag national style national university national railroad3.gold n.金子；黄金 adj. 金的 gold fish/ ring/medal All that glitters is not gold.4. major v.主修；钻研 major in“主修学科” adj.”主要的；重

24、大的” major reasonUnit 10 Im going to be a basketball player?一、Grammar：be going to的用法课文原句：what are you going to be when you grow up?-I am going to be an actor.How are you going to do that? -I am going to take acting lessons.结构：肯定句： 否定句： 一般疑问句：概念及用法：“be going to+v”是表达将来时的一种形式，表示将要发生的动作或情况， be随主语的人称和数的变

25、化而变化。二、交际用语（communication phrases）询问某人将来想从事何种职业，用句型：同义句：询问某人为了实现目标将要采取的措施：询问某人将要进行的活动，用句型：三、直击中考考点：1.Practice的用法:拓展：知识归纳:后接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有：完成、实践、值得、忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy)继续、习惯、别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)考虑、建议、不禁、想(consider, suggest, cant help, feel like)喜欢、思念、要介意(enjoy, miss, min

26、d)Why not_ an English club to practice_ English?A.join ; speaking B.to join; speaking C.join; to speak D.to join; to speak2. Save v.储蓄；存储 save money 拓展：save作动词还有“节省；挽救”的意思。（2011遵义中考）it will _ much time if we drive instead of walking.A.take B. Spend C.save3.find v.找到，发现 侧重找的结果；其后可直接跟宾语也可跟that从句 辨析：词组

27、含义及用法例句findlook forfind out2011江苏淮安中考：Mrs Green is_ her purse, but she cant_ it.A.looking for ; find B. Looking at; find C.seeing; looking for D.finding; look for4.be going to 和will的区别：（1）be going to 表根据计划、要求或近期、眼下将要发生的事情；will表将来时间则较远一些。（2）be going to多用于主观判断将要发生的事；will则强调根据客观情况。（3）be going to含有“有计划、

28、打算、准备做某事”之意；will没有这个意思。（4）在条件状语从句中，主句多用will引导而不用be going to 。4、生词词组：1.leave ones job2.Get letter “收到信”表“get a letter from sb”相当于: hear from sb/ receive a letter from sb 湖北黄石中考：I wrote _ my brother last Sunday,but i havent heard_him up to now.A.from ;to B.to; of C.to;to D.to; from3.Build v.建造，建筑 buil

29、ding builder rebuild build a nest build a bridge4.Fit adj.强健的；健康的强健的；健康的 相当于healthy keep fit feel fit合适的，适宜的；恰当的，正当的拓展：fit 还可作动词，意为“使适合” Does the coat fit you?区分：He wasnt fit. He didnt fit.Unit 11 could you please clean your room?.sentences in communication:(1)当你请求别人做某事时要说：could you please take out the trash/clean the room/sweep the floor?(2)当你乐意为某人效劳时你会说：sure/certainly/of course/ok/No problem/with pleasure.(3)当你对别人的请求心有余而力不足时你会说：sorry,i cant. But.(4)当你礼貌的请求别人允许