牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案.docx

1、牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案m5U2语法现在分词现在分词是非谓语动词中的一种，它运用广泛、灵活，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。一、现在分词的各种形式及物动词不及物动词形式主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式writingbeingwrittengoing完成式havingwrittenHavingbeenwrittenhavinggone1、现在分词的一般式：表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时或者几乎同时发生。Shesatthere_.她坐在那儿看书。_,heshutthedoor.进了房间，他关上门。2、现在分词的完成式：表示的动作发

2、生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。_formanyyears,hetoldusalotofthingsaboutthecity.在那儿住了多年，他告诉了我们关于这个城市的很多事情。_fortenmiles,theyfeltverytired.走了十英里路，他们感觉非常疲劳。3、现在分词的主动式：表示主动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是主谓关系。_,hestaysathometorest.因为身体不好，他呆在家里休息。_,hepracticedthepiano.做完了作业，他练习钢琴。4、现在分词的被动式：表示被动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是被动关系。_,thebuilding

3、looksverybeautiful.重建之后，这座建筑看上去很漂亮。_nearafire,thewetclotheswilldryquickly.挂在火炉旁，衣服很快就干了。5、现在分词的否定式：由not后接分词构成。_whattodo,weaskedhimforhelp.由于不知道怎么办才好，我们找他帮忙。_theword,heaskedtheteachertoexplaintohim.由于不明白这个词是什么意思，他让老师给他解释。6、现在分词短语：现在分词及其所跟的状语或宾语一起叫做现在分词短语.如:workinghard,helpingothers二、现在分词的句法作用1、作补足语现在

4、分词充当宾语补足语时，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前。常见的可以跟复合宾语的感官动词有see,hear,watch,listento,notice,observe,smell,lookat等以及make,have,get,keep,leave,catch等使役动词。如：Theteachercaughtaboystudentcheatingintheexam.老师发现一个小男孩在考试中作弊。childrenliketo

5、watchmagicians_.孩子们喜欢看魔术师表演魔术._.我们经常看见他被他爸爸打。位于with复合结构中。注意根据宾语的关系确定选用过去分词或现在分词。如：withagoodcoachinstructingus,wearesuretowinthematch.如果一个好教练指导我们，我们一定会赢得比赛的。withthenoise_,hecouldntdohishomework.外面有吵杂声他无法做作业。withthehomework_,hewasallowedtoplayfootball.2、作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系。选用分词时，

6、一定要看分词与其逻辑主语的关系，如果表示与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生，即选用现在分词的一般式；如果分词的动作先于谓语动作而发生，就用分词的完成式。现在分词作状语时，一般在句子中充当时间、原因、方式或伴随、结果等状语。表示时间_,shesawanambulancedrivingup.她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。_,hemadeuphismindtoenter.到了那，他决定进去。表示原因_,Icouldntgetintouchwithhim.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法与她取得联系。_,hehasntgotmuchmoneyleft.由于失业时间长了，他没剩下多少钱._,wedbette

7、rgotolistentohim.既然已经请了他给我们做报告，我们最好还是去听听。表示伴随或方式Helenwassittingbythewindow,_.海伦正坐在窗子旁，看一本小说。Acrowdofchildrenranoutoftheclassroom,_.一群小孩有说有笑的从教室跑了出去。表示结果Hisparentsdied,_.他父母死了，给他留下很多钱。Atnight,roadsarebrightlylit,_.夜晚灯光把马路照得很亮，使行人和车辆畅通无阻。注：现在分词做状语时，有时前面有一个名词或代词作它逻辑上的主语，使现在分词表示的动作不是由句子的主语来执行，而是由该逻辑主语来执

8、行，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词称为独立主格结构。如：Timepermitting,wellvisitthehistorymuseum._nobus,wehadtowalkhome.没有公共汽车了，我们只好步行回家。weexploredthecaves,_.由Peter作向导，我们探察了这些洞穴。_,thelibrarywasout.由于今天是假日，图书馆关门了。_,thetreesturnedgreen.春天来了，树都绿了。3、作定语分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后，其逻辑主语就是所修饰的名词或代词，表示逻辑主语发出的动作。单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词或代词之前。现在分词作定语，表示

9、动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。asleepingchild_等候着的观众awalkingdictionary_自来水_困惑不解的表情Theman_isTomsfather.跟我们校长谈话的那个人是Tom的父亲。Thereweresomechildren_intheriver.有些小孩子在河里游泳。_.正在建的那座大楼是我们公的。4、作表语现在分词作表语，表示主主发出的动作。需注意amuse,bore,disappoint,discourage,excite,fascinate,freeze,frighten,horrify,inspire,interest,move,sur

10、prise,touch等动词常用其现在分词和过去分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人的”；过去分词表示主语的状态，意思是“感到的”。Itisvery_tohavesomanypeopleattendingthemeeting.whatyouhavetoldmeisvery_.Themusicsounds_.Hesaidthatina_and_voice.语法随堂练习一、选择题1.inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.Havewaitedc.Havi

11、ngwaitedD.Tohavewaited2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriagethegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedc.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing3._fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.A.Beings

12、eparatedB.Havingseparatedc.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated4._theprogramme，theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.NotcompletingB.Notcompletedc.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted5.Helookedaroundandcaughtamanhishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingc.toputD.putting6.Acookwillbeimmedia

13、telyfiredifheisfoundinthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingc.tosmokeD.smoke7.Heglancedoverather,thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedc.tonoteD.havingnoted8.,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.A.GeneralspeakingB.Speakinggeneralc.GenerallyspeakingD.Speakinggenerally9.Daddy

14、didntmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,fun.A.hadB.havec.tohaveD.having10.Thebelltheendoftheperiodrang,ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingc.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted11.Itisbelievedthatifabookisitwillsurelythereader.A.interested;interestB.

15、interesting;beinterestedc.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest12.Therewasaterriblenoisethesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingc.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed13.Thisnewssounds.A.encouragingB.encouragedc.encourageD.toencourage14.Thenestmorningshefoundthemaninbed,dead.A.lyingB.liec.layD.lay

16、ing15.Ifyouwaveyoubookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheairagainstyourface.A.movedB.movingc.movesD.tomove16.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesc.madeD.tomake17.areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.Receivingnotc.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceiv

17、ed18.“cantyouread?”marysaidtothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyc.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing19.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingaddedB.toaddc.addingD.added20.Therailwayinourcountrywillchangeourlifealot.A.havingbeenbuiltB.bei

18、ngbuiltc.buildingD.tobuild21.Therenobuses,wehadtowalkhome.A.beingB.wasc.havingD.had22.aletter,someoneknockedatthedoor.A.whilewritingB.whileIwaswritingc.HavingwrittenD.Duringwriting23.Thepictureonthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.havinghungB.hangingc.hangsD.beinghung24.Standingontopofthebuilding,.A.thewho

19、lecitycouldbeseenB.nothingcouldbeseenc.wecouldseethewholecityD.allcouldbeseen25.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaughtandletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingc.tostealD.stealing26.whenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor“Sorrytomissyou,willcalllater.”A.readB.readsc.toreadD.reading二、用所给词的适当形式填空1._thenew

20、s,theygotexcited.2.Thecupdroppedtotheground,_intopieces.3._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.4._ill,hedidnttakepartinthesportsmeeting.5.Thestormleft,_alotofdamage.6._whattodo,heturnedtohisteacherforhelp.7.Theboylyingtherewasfound_blackandblueallover.8.Theresultisfoundvery_

21、9.If_forawhile,youcangettheresult.10.Isawthem_toeachother,obviouslytheydidntwanttobeheard.11.Theproject_nextmonthneedsmorepeopletohelp.12.Thehighbuilding_thereismeantfortheoldwithoutchildren.Itisexpectedtobefinishedinayear.13._thejob,theywenttotheseashoreforarelaxation.14._byherlastletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.15.Anaccidenthappenedyesterday,_himbadlyhurt.16.while_thestreet,youshouldespeciallybecareful.