最新中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略附答案.docx

1、最新中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略附答案中考英语动词不定式考点全攻略（附答案） 动词不定式历来是中考英语命题的热点之一。它是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为（not）to+动词原形。考点攻略一：动词不定式作主语1） 动词不定式直接用在主语位置：To see you is always a pleasure.2） 如果主语较长，则可以用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。It is +形容词+(ofsb.) to dosth. 此处常用careless, clever, foolish, honest, kind, nice, rude,

2、stupid, silly, wrong, wise等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质。Its brave of you to jump into the river to save the boy!It is +名词或形容词+ (forsb.)to dosth. 此处常用necessary, hard, difficult, easy,important, impossible等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式的动作或行为的性质。It is our duty to keep our classroom clean. It is important for

3、 us to protect the environment.It takessb.some time to dosth. It usually takes us about two and a half hours to travel from Shanghai to Japan.考点攻略二：动词不定式作宾语 其后常接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree, afford, choose, decide, expect, plan, promise, manage, hope, wish, want, seem, refuse, fail等。I didnt expect to see you he

4、re.在某些复合宾语中，动词有find, consider, think, make, feel,常先用it代替不定式，作形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。I find it impossible to finish the task on time.考点攻略三：动词不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾补，即“动词+宾语+（not）to do sth.”，接不定式作宾补的常见动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, beg, encourage, get, help, invite, teach, order, remind, tell, want, wish,

5、warn等。My parents always tell me not to be late for school. 考点攻略四：动词不定式作表语不定式作表语一般位于系动词之后，表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作；若主语是aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, wish等名词，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。It is said that they are to visit China next month. My wish is to become a scientist like Einstein.考点攻略五：动词不定式作

6、定语（常用于名词之后）。由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语，Tom is always the first student to arrive at school. 注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的词之间有动宾关系时，此不定式后要加相应的介词。We havent decided which hotel to stay at. I need a pen to write with.考点攻略六：动词不定式作目的状语。如：To keep fit, students are advised to do morning exe

7、rcises.so as to (不可用于句首使用)，in order to也可以引导目的状语。I walked slowly on the icy road in order not to fall down. 考点攻略七：动词不定式与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。如：The problem is how to get there on time.注：当主句谓语动词know，tell，forget，remember，learn，explain等后接疑问词（连接

8、代词/副词）引导的宾语从句，且该从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，宾语从句可转换成“疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）”形式。We dont know what we should do next.= We dont know what to do next.考点攻略八：动词不定式to 的省略情况1)、在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等,但在被动结构中，to不可省略。The teacher makes me rewrite the composition. 2)、在下

9、列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, cannot help,等。Id better go now, or Ill miss the train. 3)、在why not结构中，其后的动词不定式to要省略。如：Why not send those books back?自我测试I. Choose the best answer.1. You had better _ because you have to drive back home.A) not drinking B) not drink C) dont drink D) not to dr

10、ink2. I cant tell you what she said. Ive promised _ it a secret. A) keep B) to keep C) keeping D) kept 3. Doctors warned people stay outdoors for a long time in foggy weather.A) not B) dont C) to not D) not to 4.-IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation.Whataboutyou?-Ihaventdecidedwhere_.A) go B)went C)go

11、ing D)togo5. Theboyisoftenheard inthemusicroom.Hesingsverywell.A) practisesingingB) topractisesingingC) practisedsinging D) practise to singII. Rewrite the following sentences as required.6. The girl didnt know where she could find her mother. (改成简单句） The girl didnt know where_ _ her mother.7. The m

12、an is so energetic that he can be our leader. (改为简单句) The man is energetic _ _ be our leader.8. You should memorize your password. Its very important. (合并为一句)Its very important for you _ your password.答案与解析：1.答案为B。had better后接动词原形，否定形式在had better后加not。2.答案为B。promise to do sth.答应或许诺做某事。3.答案为D。warn sb

13、. not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事。4.答案为D。此处考查的是疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）形式的用法。5.答案为B。make, hear, see等词在被动结构中要加to。6.答案为to find。宾语从句可转换成“疑问词（连接代词/副词）+不定式（短语）”形式。7.答案为enough to。sothat结构可以与enough to 同义转换。8.答案为to memorize。It is +名词或形容词+ (forsb.)to dosth为固定表达结构。一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷1阅读理解 Jenny looked at the store window. The

14、re was nothing that she wanted more than a Happy Hannah doll. It was $29.95. Unluckily, Jenny didnt even have the 95 cents. As she crossed the street, she thought about doing her brothers housework, cleaning the floor, washing the dishes all month, but even then she would have only eleven dollars. S

15、uddenly, something small and pink in the snow caught her eyes. Jenny walked over and picked it up from the snow. It was a beautiful wallet. She opened the wallet and found many dollars and a womans drivers license in it. Jenny put the wallet into her bag quickly. She turned around and walked back. J

16、ennys heart beat(跳动) fast as she went into the store. She had long dreamed about this moment, but something didnt feel right. As she got to the Happy Hannah dolls, she pushed away her feelings. She grabbed(抓起) one and walked toward the checkout. As Jenny was waiting to pay, her mobile phone rang. It

17、 was her grandma. Jennys heart was suddenly filled with love and warmth when she thought of her. She put the doll down and answered the phone. “Hi, Grandma? Im going to be a little bit late tonight.Alright.I love you, too.” Jenny left the store and walked all the way to 301 West Street. The woman wh

18、o answered the door looked sad. “Here, I found this in the snow,” Jenny said. “Oh, good God! This is the money for the orphanage(孤儿院)! Thank you!” After doing her brothers housework for three months, Jenny finally got a Happy Hannah doll. She was so happy because she could play with her doll and loo

19、k her grandma in the eye.（1）What did Jenny find in the snow?A.A bag.B.A wallet.C.A doll.D.A mobile phone.（2）How did Jenny feel when she thought of her grandma?A.Moved.B.Surprised.C.Nervous.D.Warm.（3）Why did Jenny go to 301 West Street?A.To find a toy store.B.To visit the orphanage.C.To return the mo

20、ney.D.To look after the woman.（4）What did Jenny do to get the doll?A.She did her brothers housework for three months.B.She asked her grandma to buy it for her.C.She took some money from the woman.D.She cleaned the floor in the store for all month.（5）What do we know from the story?A.The girl is kind

21、and never does wrong.B.The girls grandma has a great influence on her.C.The woman is mean and never helps others.D.The girl didnt have a Happy Hannah doll in the end.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文叙述了有一次詹妮在雪地里捡起了一个钱包，她本想去拿着这钱去买一个自己喜欢的洋娃娃，可是当她想付钱的时候，她接到了祖母的电话，她想起来祖母，于是就放弃了用捡来的钱来买东西的想法，把钱包物归原主了，决

22、定通过给她的弟弟做三个月的作业，最后得到了自己想要的洋娃娃。（1）细节理解题。根据Jenny walked over and picked it up from the snow. It was a beautiful wallet. 可知，詹妮在雪地里捡起的是钱包。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据As Jenny was waiting to pay, her mobile phone rang. It was her grandma. Jennys heart was suddenly filled with love and warmth when she thought of her.可

23、知，詹妮当想起她的祖母的时候，她感觉很温暖。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据Jenny left the store and walked all the way to 301 West Street. The woman who answered the door looked sad.“Here, I found this in the snow,” Jenny said.可知，詹妮去301西街是去还钱包。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据After doing her brothers housework for three months, Jenny finally got a Happy

24、Hannah doll.可知，詹妮通过给她的弟弟做了三个月的作业，最后得到了自己想要的洋娃娃。故选A。（5）推理判断题。根据Jennys heart was suddenly filled with love and warmth when she thought of her.She was so happy because she could play with her doll and look her grandma in the eye.可知，詹妮特别尊重自己的祖母，看重祖母的看法。可推知她的祖母对她影响很大。故选。【点评】推理判断题是每年中考的必考题型之一，也是英语阅读理解中难度较

25、大的题型，属于深层理解题。它要求学生对文章中的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推论出蕴含在文章中却没有明说的事实及暗示的含义，即英语中所说的“read between the lines”。因此，学生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理，在已知和未知信息之间搭起桥梁，透过字里行间，体会“弦外之音”，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。2阅读理解 A girl complained to her father about her hard lifeShe didnt know what she had to do and

26、 wanted to give upShe felt tired of fighting and fightingOne problem had been finished but another came over Her father，a cook，took her into the kitchenHe poured water into three pans and boiled(煮沸) themAfter boiling，in the first pan was put some carrots，the second was put some eggs and the last was

27、 put with coffee The girl waited impatiently (不耐烦的)，confused by what her father didAbout 20 minutes later，her father took out the carrots and put them in a bowlHe took the eggs and put them in a bowlAfter that the coffee was poured into a cup“My sweet heart，what do you see？” he asked“Carrots，eggs an

28、d coffee，” she replied Her father told her to close her eyes and asked her to touch the carrotsShe did so and felt that the carrots were softAfter that he asked her to take the eggs and break themAfter peeling (剥开) them，she got the eggs，cooked and hardThe last，the father let her smell the coffee She

29、 asked，“What did you do this for，Father？” He explained that each had the same unlucky experiencethe boiling water，but each had a different result The strong and hard carrots had become soft and weakThefragileeggs became hard after being cooked The coffee was very special，they could change water“Who

30、are you？” asked her father“When bad luck knocks at your door，what is your decision? Are you carrots，eggs or coffee？” （1）The girl complained about her hard life because she didnt _ A.want to give upB.finish one problemC.know what to doD.get tired of fighting（2）The girls father took her to the kitchen to _ A.ask her how to boil eggsB.show her how to make coffeeC.teach her how to be a cook