初中英语现在完成时.docx

1、初中英语现在完成时现在完成时一 含义：表示到目前为止已经完成的动作或存在的状态。 二 结构：助动词have/ has + 过去分词done 肯定句： 主语+ have/ has + 过去分词done否定句： 主语+ have/ has + not + 过去分词done一般疑问句： Have/ Has + 主语 + 过去分词done简略答语： Yes, 主语 + have/ has. No, 主语 + havent / hasnt. 过去分词：1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1). 一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”: work-w

2、orked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2). 以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”: live-lived-lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 y 变为 i ，再加“ ed ”: study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”: stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped 2. 不规则动词三 用法1. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，有以下

3、四大标志词: already, just和yet：He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。 He hasnt come back yet.他还没有回来。 ever和never：This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。 以动作发生的次数为标志 He says he has been to the USA three times. so far，b

4、efore, recently, lately He has bought a new car recently. I havent heard from him Jane lately. Scientists havent found the cure of AIDS so far. 现在完成时不能和明确表示过去时间的状语连用，如ago, yesterday, last year, at that time, then等。 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的, 持续到现在的动作, 常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子），或 how long连用: for

5、+ 时段 Mary has been ill for three days. since + 过去一个时间点（译为：自从以来） He has been a teacher since 1998. since + 时段 + ago He has studied English since 4 years ago. since + 从句（过去时） I have lived here since I was born. It is + 时段 + since + 从句（过去时） It is three days since he arrived here. 非延续性动词leave, arrive, c

6、ome, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成时，在肯定句中不能与for 或 since等引导的时间段连用：他到这里三天了。He has arrived here for three days.He has been here for three days. It is three days since he arrived here. It has been three days since he arrived here. 四. Have gone to, have been to, 与have been in的区别 have/has gone(to

7、) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your fatherHe has gone to Shanghai. have/has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai. have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.【练一练】句型转换：1. He has already gone home. He _ _ home _. (否定句) _ he _ home _ (疑问

8、句)2. He has lunch at home. He _ _ lunch at home. (否定句) _ he _ lunch at home (疑问句)3. He has been there twice. _ _ _ _ he been there (划线提问)4. I have lunch at school. _ _ you _ lunch. (划线提问)用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空1. I have _ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.2. Jack has _ fi

9、nished his homework _ an hour ago.3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school _ ten years.4. “Have you _ seen the film” “No, I have _ seen it.”5. “Has the bus left _” “Yes, it has _ left.”翻译下列句子：1. 他们已经打扫了教室吗2. 我们已经认识有二十年了。3. 打那以后，她一直住在这。4. “你曾经到过那里吗” “不，我从来没到过那里。” 5. 我父亲以前到过长城。6. 我来到海南已经一周了。7. 他这些天上哪儿去了五

10、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别一般过去时所表示的事情纯属过去，与现在情况没有关系。现在完成时所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响，或一直持续着：I have lost my Nokia X7. (= I lost my Nokia X7 and I have no Nokia X7 now. )He bought a house 10 years ago. 十年前他买了栋房子。（现在是否还拥有那栋房子就说不定了）He has bought a house. 他已经买了房子。（到说话的这时候他仍然拥有那栋房子）【练一练】用适当的时态填空：1. Shes _

11、(live) here ever since she was ten.2. Both of them _ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3. Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).5. Mary_(lose) her pen. _ you _ (see) it here and there6. _ you _ (find) your watch yet7. -Are you thirsty -No I _ j

12、ust _ (have) some orange.8. We _already _ (return) the book.9. _ they _ (build) a new school in the village10. I _(not finish) my homework . Can you help me11. My father _ (read) the novel twice.12. I _ (buy) a book just now.13. I _ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _ (read) this book since y

13、esterday.不规则动词过去式、过去分词表(1)AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词cost （花费）costcostcut（割）cutcuthit （打）hithithurt(伤害）hurthurtlet（让）letletput（放）putputread（读）readread(2)AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形） 动词原形过去式过去分词beat（跳动）beatbeaten(3)ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词become（变成）becamebecomecome（来）camecomerun（跑）

14、ranrun(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词dream（想）dreamed/ dreamtdreamed/ dreamtspell（拼写）spelled/ speltspelled/ speltbring（带来）broughtbroughtbuy（买）boughtboughtbuild（建设）builtbuiltcatch（抓住）caughtcaughtfeed(喂养)fedfedfeel（感觉）feltfeltfight（战斗）foughtfoughtfind（找到）foundfoundget（得到）gotgothave/has（有）hadh

15、adhold（抓住）heldheldhear（听见）heardheardleave（离开）leftleftlend（借出）lentlentlose（丢失）lostlostlearn（学习）learntlearntmeet（遇见）wonwonmean（意思是）meantmeantmake（制造）mademadepay (付出)paidpaidsend（传送）sentsentstand（站着）stoodstoodsleep（睡）sleptsleptspend（花费）spentspentstick 粘住stuckstucksit（坐）satsatsweep（扫）sweptsweptsmell（闻）s

16、meltsmeltsell（卖）soldsoldsay（说）saidsaidteach（教）taughttaughtthink（想）thoughtthoughttell（告诉）toldtoldunderstand(明白)understoodunderstoodwin（赢）wonwon(5)ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词am/is（是）wasbeenare (是)werebeenbegin（开始）beganbegunbreak（打破）brokebrokenchoose（选择）chosechosendrive（驾驶）drovedrive

17、ndo（做）diddonedrink（喝）drankdrunkdraw（画）drewdrawneat（吃）ateeatenfall（落下）fellfallenfly（飞）flewflownforget（忘记）forgotforgottengo（去）wentgonegive（给）gavegivengrow（生长）grewgrownhide隐藏hidhiddenknow（知道）knewknownlie（平躺）laylainrise（升高）roserisenride（骑）roderiddensee（看见）sawseenshake（握手）shookshakenspeak（说，讲）spokespoken

18、sing（唱）sangsungswim（游泳）swamswumthrow（投掷）threwthrowntake（取）tooktakenwrite（写）wrotewrittenmistake（弄错）mistookmistakenwear（穿）worewornwake（醒）wokewoken(6)情态动词动词原形过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词can 可以could-may可能might-shall 应该should-will将要would-小升初英语全真模拟试卷姓名： 成绩：一、语音知识：请区分划线部分的读音，如有一种读音，填“1”；两种读音，填“2”；三种读音，填“3”；四种读音，填“4”

19、。 （每小题1分，共10分）( ) 1. A. yet B. yes C. cry D. silly( ) 2. A. early B. hear C. near D. ear( ) 3. A. mended B. invited C. called D. arrived( ) 4. A. choose B. chess C. watch D. chemistry( ) 5. A. key B. keep C. wine D. west( ) 6. A. wash B. fat C .about D. after( ) 7. A. fact B. cut C. close D. ceiling

20、( ) 8. A. above B. moment C. to D. opposite( ) 9. A. trip B. trick C. tree D. metre( ) 10. A. see B. best C. discover D. miss二、单项选择。（每小题1分，共20分）( ) 1. do you spell“book”B-O-O-K, book. A. How B. What C. Whats D. Where( ) 2. They sat on the chair and _a chat. A. had B. have C. got. D. met( ) 3. Look!

21、GaoShan is getting_ the bus. A. up B. for C. on D. in( ) 4. David is making plans _his class meeting. A. with B. to C. for D. of( ) 5. The pizza _by my mother. Would to like to have some A. makes B. was making C. made D. was made( ) 6. _the brother and the sister_ good at maths at school. A. Either;

22、 is B. Neither; is C. Both; are D. All; are( ) is one of _in China. A. More popular sport B. the most popular sportC. more popular sports D. the most popular sports( ) is the first time I _Beijing. A. visit B. visited C. had visited D. have visited;( ) my way home, I stopped _some fruit. A. buy B. b

23、uying C. to buy D. bought( ) is the date today-_. A. It is Saturday. B. It is July 1st C. On Saturday D. In July( ) 11. Three days_ he died. A. after B. behind C. later D. in front of( ) is _and _in China. A. sunny; snowy B. sunny; cold C. sunny; hot D. warm; snowy( ) 13. The students in Class 2 are

24、 very_.A. exciting B. excited C. excite D. excitd( ) 14. I asked him_ it to the police station.A. to take B. take C. took D. taking( )15. Look, danger! Please_ touch it.A. cant B. not C. dont D. no( ) are your clothes, please_. A. put it on. B. put on them C. put them on D. put on it( ) 17. Bruce, l

25、ook at your dirty shoes. Youd better _ them right now. A. Washed B. washing C. wash D. to wash( )18. Shanghai is _ the east of China. A. to B. at C. on D. in( )19. Would you like to _with me A. going B. goes C. went D. go( )20. We have_ to the bus stop. A. 10 minutes walk B. 10 minutes walk C. 10 mi

26、nute walk D. 10 minutes walk 三、词汇运用。（每空1分，共20分）（I）在下列各句A、B或C中找出与划线部分意义相近的词或句子。( )1. WangHai does well in English. A. likes B. speaks C. is writing D. is good at( )2. Id like some melons. A. I want B. I like C. I need D. I eat( )3. Let me see. A. look at B. think over C. watch D. know( ) 4. How does she go there A. get up B. do C. get D. come( )5. We have three lessons this afternoon. A. texts B. glasses C. classes D. books（II） 根据句意和首字母，写出句中所缺单词。1. Christmas is the most important f_ in western country.2. Today I am free. But yesterday I was b_.3. Could you tell me the