山东省滕州市鲍沟中学高中高中英语阅读理解知识点和相关练习试题doc.docx

1、山东省滕州市鲍沟中学高中高中英语阅读理解知识点和相关练习试题doc一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Gene technology to benefit people Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people. The

2、 greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if th

3、e gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿

4、命) can be prolonged. Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble f

5、or these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born. Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to man

6、ufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in v

7、ery normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.（1）What does these two killers in the second paragraph refer to? A.Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.B.The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.C.The two diseases of cancer and heart dise

8、ase.D.Hereditary diseases and cancer.（2）Whats the main idea of the third paragraph? A.How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.B.Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.C.Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby.D.Gene technology can he

9、lp the English imperial family out.（3）In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases? A.Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.B.Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.C.Using gene technology, human babies ca

10、n be cloned.D.Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.（4）What is the main purpose of writing this passage? A.Expressing the writers idea that gene technology will benefit peopleB.Telling people the advantages of gene technologyC.Telling the readers that gene techno

11、logy will not benefit peopleD.Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with,

12、 such as cancer and heart disease.”基因技术所能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈严重的疾病，而这些疾病是目前医生们几乎无能为力的，比如癌症和心脏病，及划线词所在句“Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers.”每年都有数百万人被这两名杀手杀害，可知，每年造成数百万人死亡的元凶就是癌症和心脏病。由此可知，these two killers 指的是上文做的cancer and heart disease.故选C。 （2）考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“In the past, doctor

13、s could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.”在过去，医生对遗传病无能为力。但是基因技术可以完美地解决这个问题。科学家只需要找到错误的基因并加以纠正，一个健康的孩子就会诞生。可知，第三段主要介绍了基因技术可以被应用于治愈家族病。故选A。 （3）考查细节理

14、解。根据第三段中的“The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born”科学家只需要找到错误的基因和纠正它,和一个健康的孩子将出生，可知，利用基因技术，科学家发现错误的基因并加以纠正，这样就可以治愈家族病了。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据标题“Gene technology to benefit people”基因技术造福人类；及最后一段中的“But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large

15、quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.”但我相信克隆婴儿不会大量出现，因为世界上大多数夫妇可以用非常正常的方式生育。当然，政府必须小心控制基因技术，可知，文章主要表达作者了认为基因技术将造福人类的观点。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根

16、据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Mars(火星) appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water, at least in the summer, scientists reported Monday. It suggests that it would be possible for there to be life today on Mars, NASAs science mission chief, John Grunsfeld, said at a news conferenc

17、e on September 28, 2015. The streams are about 12 to 15 feet wide and 300 feet or more long, scientists said. What were dealing with is wet soil, thin layers of wet soil, not standing water, said Aifred McEwen of the University of Arizona at Tueson, the principal scientist for the Mars Reconnaissanc

18、e Orbiters high-resolution imaging experiment. Because liquid water is essential to life, the findings could have major implications for the possibility of Martian life. The researchers said further exploration is needed to determine whether microscopic life exists on the planet. The presence of liq

19、uid water could also make life easier for astronauts visiting or living on Mars. Water could be used for drinking and for creating oxygen and rocket fuel. NASAs goal is to send humans there in the 2030s. The evidence of flowing water consists largely of dark, narrow streaks(条痕) on the surface that t

20、end to appear and grow during the warmest Martian months and fade the rest of the year. Mars is extremely cold even in summer, and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit. But salt can lower the freezing point of water and melt ice. The source of the

21、water is a mystery. Scientists noted it could be melting ice. It could be an underground aquifer, which is rock or sand that can hold water. It is possibly water vapor from the thin Martian atmosphere. Or it may be a combination Michael Meyer, lead scientist for NASAs Mars exploration program, said

22、the only definitive way for now to determine whether theres life on Mars is to collect rocks and soil for analysis on Earthsomething a U. S. lander set for lift-off in 2020 will do.（1）According to John Grunsfeld, there seems to be on Mars. A.salty waterB.standing waterC.rocket fuelD.human beings（2）S

23、cientists are uncertain about the of the water on Mars. A.stateB.sourceC.temperatureD.taste（3）What matters to the existence of liquid water on Mars? A.The distance from the sunB.The favorable climateC.The gravity of the earthD.The salt in it（4）What would be the best title for the text? A.Streams of

24、Water Spotted on MarsB.Astronauts will Land on MarsC.NASAs Mars Exploration ProgramD.A Breakthrough in the Exploration of Mars【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了火星上有水的迹象，进而推断火星上可能有生命，但是水的来源仍旧是一个迷。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mars(火星) appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water,”火星上好像有含盐的小溪在

25、流动。可知，火星上好像有盐水。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第七段中的“The source of the water is a mystery. ”水的来源是个迷，可知，科学家还不确定水的来源。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第六段“Mars is extremely cold even in summer, and the streaks are in places where the temperature is as low as minus 10 degrees Fahrenheit. But salt can lower the freezing point of water

26、 and melt ice.”即使在夏天火星也极其寒冷，在温度达到零下10华氏度的地方水纹还存在。但是盐可以降低水的结冰点并融化冰。可知，水里的盐决定了火星上液体水的存在。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Mars(火星) appears to be flowing with small streams of salty water,”火星上好像有含盐的小溪在流动。可知，“在火星看到了溪水”适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3

27、阅读理解 Need a fall fix? Try one from these great places. Mackinac Island, Michigan The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry, and once visitors arrive, they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors. Its a throwback to years past, a little town, and theres a big

28、 state park as well, Blackwell says. Youre allowed to have boats all around the island. Tellico Lake, Tennessee With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state. Fall visitors find a range of colors

29、 reflecting in the clean waters, says Blackwell, who vacationed in the area with his family as a child. The thick forest there just allows you to see more greenery and wildlife. Dillon Reservoir, Colorado With an hour from Denver, this lake is home to what claims to be the nations highest sailing cl

30、ub, at an altitude of more than 9,000 feet. Marinas in the towns of Dillon and Frisco make it easy to get out on the water and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves. People are surprised that theres boating in Colorado, and you can see the mountains just before the snowball, Blackwell s

31、ays. Lake Monroe, Indiana The states largest lake is surrounded by more than 13,000 acres of protected forest and three recreation areas, making it an ideal place to see fall colors, particularly from oaks and the tulip poplar, the state tree. Its a gem (宝石) in southern Indiana, says Blackwell, who grew up in the area. There are lots of different activities: canoeing, kayaking and fishing.（1）What is special about Mackinac Island? A.Its like a modern city.B.Visitors cant take a boat around it.C.Visitors can see various wildlife there.D.Visitors cant go ther