中考英语八种时态知识点归纳.docx

1、中考英语八种时态知识点归纳中考英语八种时态知识点归纳一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek,onceaweek,onSundays基本结构：be动词；实义动词否定形式：am/is/arenot;谓语动词若为实义动词，A.主语不是三单式，则dont动词原形B.主语为三单式，则doesnt动词原形。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；谓语动词若为实义动词，A.主语不是三单式，用助动词Do主语动词原形B.主语为三单式，则Does主语动词原形Helen_agoodstudent.Helen

2、_fishingverymuch.Helensfriendsusually_toschoolbybike.二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek,in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,atlast,intheend,finally,atfirst基本结构：was/were；实义动词的过去式否定形式：was/werenot;在实义动词前加didnt，同时还原实义动词，即didnt动词原形一般疑问句：was或were放于句首

3、；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原实义动词。Helen_borninwuxi.Helen_toschoolbybikeyesterday.三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now,atthistime,thesedays,look,listen基本结构：am/is/aredoing否定形式：am/is/arenotdoing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。Listen,Helen_asongintheroom.四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthat

4、time,from6to8lastnight,at5yesterdayevening或以when/while引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/weredoing否定形式：was/werenotdoing.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。Helen_TVatsixlastnight.I_TVwhenmumcamehomelastnight.五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：since,for,in/duringthepastfew/twoyears,ever,yet,alrea

5、dy,recently,overtheyears，主（现完）since从（一过）,just（注意和justnow的区别）,sofar,tillnow基本结构：have/hasdone否定形式：have/hasnotdone.一般疑问句：have或has主语doneHelen_inNanjingfortwentyyearsThereadersareallveryhappybecausethey_anewbook.六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。时间状语：bytheendoflastyear,by过去的时间，主b

6、efore从基本结构：haddone.否定形式：hadnotdone.一般疑问句：had放于句首。They_inNanjingbytheendoflastyear.Theplane_offbefore/whenwegottotheairport.七、一般将来时：概念：表示目前将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow,nextday,soon,inafewminutes,by将来的时间,thedayaftertomorrow基本结构：am/is/are/goingtodo或will/shalldo.否定形式：am/is/are/notgoingtodo或wi

7、ll/shallnotdo.一般疑问句：am/is/are放于句首或will/shall提到句首。Helen_toShanghainextweek.八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：thenextday基本结构：was/were/goingtodo；would/shoulddo.否定形式：was/were/notgoingtodo;would/shouldnotdo.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should提到句首。Helensaidshe_toShanghaithenextmonth.被动语态和主动语态1各种时态的被动语

8、态的谓语动词形式:a.一般现在时:am/is/aredoneb.一般过去时:was/weredonec.含情态动词的被动语态:情态动词be过去分词canbedonemaybedonemustbedoned.现在完成时的被动语态:have/hasbeendonee.一般将来时的被动语态:will/begoingtobedonef.复合宾语的被动语态:make/help/let/have/sb.dosth.ask/tellsbtodosthsee/hearsbdosthsee/hearsbdoingsth2.注:变被动语态时不要去掉组成谓语动词短语的任何一个词wemusttakegoodcareo

9、fhim.=Hemustbetakengoodcareof.youcancatchupwithussoon.=wecanbecaughtupwithsoon.（with不能漏掉）4.下列情况不能用被动语态：A不及物动词：Theaccidenthappenedonabusyroadyesterday.B连系动词：Thegirllookslikehersister.Dontcrosstheroaduntilthelight_green./Thisdress_nice.c英语中有些动词用主动语态表示被动语态。sell/write/read/wash/ride/cutwellTheclothwashe

10、swell./Thiskindofbagssellswell./Theshoeswearlong./Theknifecutswell./Thepenwritessmoothly./Thiscoatlastslong.动词的固定搭配：（1）后面接sbtodosth的动词：asksbtodosth=tellsbtodosth叫某人做某事helpsbdosth帮助某人做某事wouldlikesbtodosth,wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事usesthtodosth,使用某物去做某事dowhathecouldtohelpme尽他所能来帮助我wishsbtodosth希望某人做某事advis

11、esbtodosth建议某人做某事remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事（2）后面接sbdosth的动词：make/have/letsbdosth叫某人做某事（3）后面接todosth的动词：havetodosth不得不做某事need/requiretodosth需要做某事wanttodosth/wouldliketodosth想要做某事hope/wishtodosth希望做某事behappy/glad/pleased/afraid/better/crazy/todosthtrytodosth努力做某事try/doonetbesttodosth,尽最大努力做某事decidetodosth

12、决定做某事volunteertodosth志愿去做某事bewillingtodosth愿意做某事prefertodosth比较喜欢做某事taketurnstodosth轮流做某事takeactiontodosth采取行动做某事cantwaittodosth迫不及待去做某事belikelytodosth可能要做某事oughttodosth（不）应该做某事（4）后面接doingsth的动词：enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事lookforwardtodoingsth盼望着做某事finishdoingsth结束做某事likedoingsth/todosth喜欢做某事thanksbfordoings

13、th感谢某人做某事beafraidofdoingsth担心、害怕做某事keepdoingsth不断的做某事minddoingsth介意做某事practicedoingsth练习做某事payattentiontodoingsth注意做某事havedifficulty/trouble/fundoingsth做某事有困难/困难/麻烦/乐趣（高兴）canhelpdoingsth=cantstopdoingsth忍不住/情不自禁去做某事devotetodoingsth致力于做某事dislikedoingsth不喜欢做某事carryondoingsth继续做某事（5）其他：spendsometimedoi

14、ngsth花费一些时间做某事stop/preventsbdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事keepsbdoingsth使某人一直做某事hadbetterdosth最好（不要）做某事Itsbettertodosth做某事比较好havesomethingtosay/eat，havenothingtoworryaboutwouldyoupleasedosth请你（不要）做某事好吗？wouldliketodosth想要做某事whynotdosth为什么不做某事呢？waitforsbtodosth,等候某人做某事特殊疑问词（如how,what,when,wh

15、ere等）动词不定式todo作宾语havetogohometodohouseworkItsimportant/easy/hard/right/goodforsbtodosth.Ittakessbsometimetodosth花费某人一些时间做某事preferdoingAtodoingB宁愿做事情A也不愿做事情B,喜欢做事情A更胜于做事情BwouldratherdothandoB宁愿做事情A也不愿做事情B介词动名词bebusydoingsth忙于做某事beinterestedindoingsth对做某事感兴趣feellikedoing想要做某事getreadytodosth准备做某事beread

16、ytodosth准备/乐意做某事start/begintodosth/doingsth开始做某事giveupdoingsth放弃做某事go/carryondoingsth继续做某事几个搭配的区别：remembertodosth是提醒别忘做某事，这个动作在说话的时候还没做rememberdoingsth是已做过某事，说话的时候动作已完成。Remembertoclosethedoor,please.记着关门。（说话时门还没有关）Irememberclosingthedoor.我记得我关了门了。（说话时门已经关了）forgettodosth和forgetdoingsthSorry,Iforgotto

17、bringthebook.Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.（我忘记曾经向你借过书这件事）Dontforgettodosth.不要忘记去做某事stoptodosth停下来去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在做的事Stop_,theteacheriscoming.Imetanoldfriendonmywayhomeyesterday.Istopped_withhim.goontodosth继续做另外一件事/goondoingsth继续做同一件事need/requiretodo需要做某事need/requiredoing需要被Ineedtowashmyclothes.my

18、clothesneedwashing.e.g.yourshoesaretoodirty.Theyneed_.youlooktired.youneed_agoodrest.动词填空的解题思路首先判断有无动词的固定搭配，比如：asksb_,finish_如果没有动词搭配，然后看是否有明显的时间状语标志，比如：看到now一般用_。如果上面两者都没有，可以从上下文去推断该用什么时态。比如：Dontmakeanynoise.Thebaby_注意点：看清单复数（尤其是一般现在时的三单式），主动还是被动语态，肯定还是否定祈使句有两种形式，动词原形开头和dont动词原形开头comehere./Dontgoth

19、ere.两种从句的不同，根据需要选用不同的时态。IllcallyouifI_theretomorrow.Theywontbeginthemeetinguntilhe_.Dontwritetohimuntilhe_there.Idontknowifhe_toNanjingnextmonth.Imnotsurewhenhe_toNanjing.在宾语从句中A.若主句用一般现在时，则从句可根据实际情况用各种时态。如：Theradiosaysthesnowlaterintheday.Iknowwhothefewestyesterday.B.若主句用一般过去时，则宾语从句要依情况用过去的某种时态：一般过

20、去时，过去将来时，过去进行时，过去完成时。如：HesaidthattheytotheGreatwall.marytoldmethatsheforParisthenextday.c.无论主句是什么时态，宾语从句中客观真理都用一般现在时。Theteachersaidtheeartharoundthesun.在完成时中，要注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换。如：Theyborrowedthebooktwoweeksago.Theyhavekeptthebooksfor2weeks.buyhave,joinbein/beamemberof,leavebeaway,arrivebehere,beginbeo

21、n,comebackbeback,diebedead,fallasleepbeasleep,getupbeup,finishbeoverourclassroom_everyday.Howoften_yourclothes_?Everytwodays.Heismade_athomeonSunday.Thetwins_tocomeagainyesterday.Thebike_bymyuncletomorrow.Sofar,alotoftrees_.Abookmust_morethanonce./Thelittleboyshould_goodcareof.Atalkonhistory_inourschoolnextweek.Thepicture_downbythetwinsjustnow.coke_allovertheworld./Thefish_upbyhimanhourago.Thesweater_yesterday./Trousers_inthisfactory.Thetreesinfrontofthehouse_bymyfathereveryday.AnEnglishsong_tomorrow./_thebike_byyou?Sometimes.