安徽省和县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编题3.docx

1、安徽省和县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编题3安徽和县2020高考英语阅读理解（一轮）选编题阅读理解训练(2020青岛市二模)Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. Thi

2、s virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and we

3、re able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the Universitys Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more f

4、atal.”“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Pub

5、lic Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists

6、skills to close this knowledge gap.”Professor Miles Carroll, a coauthor of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution

7、during the current outbreak.”文章大意：本文是医疗科研报告。文章主要讲述了关于埃博拉病毒的研究进展情况，该病毒与什么有关系，该如何控制该病的疫情。1What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?AHow severe Ebola virus is.BHow Ebola virus spreads.CHow Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.DWhat contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.答案：C主旨大意题。A项严重的埃博

8、拉病毒是怎么样的；B项埃博拉病毒是如何传播的；C项埃博拉病毒是如何变得致命的；D项科学家们为埃博拉病毒做出了什么样的贡献。根据题干关键词the first paragraph。通读第一段，并根据第一句话Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from humantohuman contact可知该段的大意是埃博拉病毒是如何逐渐变得致命的。故选C。2Which of the following statements is mention

9、ed in the passage?AIn the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.BAs the virus spreads, itll change and become more and more deadly.CThe research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.DThe scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.答案：B推理判断题。根据文章第一

10、段的They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe中的关键词initially可知A是错误的；根据文章的倒数第二段“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our c

11、ooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists skills to close this knowledge gap.”排除C；根据文章最后三段可排除D；根据文章第一段的最后一句话的后半句succeeding transmission(传送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe可知选B。3The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to _.Aoptimisti

12、c BdeadlyCcommon Dfantastic答案：B词义猜测题。optimistic乐观的；deadly致命的；common常见的；fantastic奇异的。根据文章第四段的The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies和该段的the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus可知埃博拉病毒变得更加致命。由此推断fatal是致命的。

13、故选B。4Where can we probably read this passage?AIn a science report. BIn a storybook.CIn an advertisement. DIn a textbook.答案：A细节理解题。In a science report在科技报告上；In a storybook在故事书中；In an advertisement在一个广告中；In a textbook在课本中。通读全文，并根据文章介绍埃博拉病毒的研究进程判断选A。科普知识型阅读理解(二)-BStudying volcanoes is a demanding profe

14、ssion. Hazel Rymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb 200 metres into the crater of active volcanoes. But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is. “Driving to work is more risky，” she insists. “And the

15、 deepest I go into the crater of a volcano is about 300 metres，” she adds, trying to make it all sound as ordinary as taking the dog for a walk.Hazel has been studying volcanoes for a long time, so its not surprising she is used to the danger. Her interest in volcanoes began at school. A teacher gav

16、e her a book about Pompeii. “I remember reading about the eruption of Vesuvius and the destruction of the city，” she explains. “The thought of all those people just frozen in time had quite an effect on me and I am still excited by their dangerous beauty today.”Nowadays, volcanoes are getting more a

17、nd more unpredictable. There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps. These have resulted in some dormant volcanoes erupting, so studying them is more dangerous than ever before. Hazel says that although she doesnt take any unnecessary risk, she has had some

18、 frightening moments. Her worst experience was on the slopes of Mount Etna in Sicily, when she was slowly surrounded by lava. “I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it，” she explains. She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream

19、. “I guess it was five metres. The flow was 1，000C, so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to melt. It was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasnt time to do anything else.”And what about the future? “I havent been to the volcanoes in Indonesia yet. And I would love to spend so

20、me time working in the Antarctic，” she says. “I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang.” In other words, Hazel Rymer wont be exchanging her volcanoes for the relative safety of driving to work just yet.1. Hazels claim that “driving to w

21、ork is more risky” than exploring volcanoes shows that _Apeople have exaggerated the dangers of volcanoes in the pastBHazel does not really understand the dangerous situations she puts herself inCthere are many bad drivers in the place where Hazel livesDHazel is being modest and understating the dan

22、gers she faces2. When did Hazel first become interested in volcanoes?AWhen she was visiting Italy.BWhen she was at school.CWhen she was twenty.DWhen she saw Vesuvius.3. The underlined word “These” (in Paragraph 3) refers to “_”Amelting ice capsBvolcanic eruptionsCchanges in sea levelDhigher temperat

23、ures4. When Hazel was on Mount Etna, she had to _Atake a dangerous routeBtake an unnecessary riskCleave her boots behindDwalk for ten hours around the mountain5. In the future, Hazel wants to _Arevisit volcanoes she knowsBgo on holiday to the AntarcticCfind a less dangerous jobDdiscover new things a

24、bout volcanoes【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了火山学家Hazel Rymer的一些关于火山的研究活动。1D由此句话的前一句“But the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is.”以及此句话可知，Hazel Rymer说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可推断出，她是以一种谦虚的说法淡化其面临的危险。2B由第二段第二句“Her interest in volcanoes began at school.”可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣。3C由画线词的前

25、一句话“There have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps.”可知画线词应该指的是海平线的变化。4A由第三段最后几句“I had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it， she explains.She chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream.I guess

26、 it was five metres.The flow was 1，000C, so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to melt.It was scary, but it really was a practical decision there wasnt time to do anything else.”可知她选择了从熔岩流中走过，而这是一条危险的路。5D由最后一段的内容“I would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why

27、other volcanoes go bang”可知，Hazel将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。As the new semester begins, millions of college students across the country are trying hard to remember how best to write a paper or, more likely, how best to delay that paper.Procrastination is the thief of time

28、 and a lot of students suffer from it. They can spend whole days in the library doing nothing but staring into space, eating snacks, surfing the Internet, watching videos and looking at other students sitting around them, who, most likely, are doing nothing either.Paralyzed by their habit to procras

29、tinate, they write micro blogs about their fears, asking their online friends if they sometimes have the same issue. But this does nothing to break the spell(魔咒).According to a recent report, 95 percent of us procrastinate at some point and 20 percent of the worlds population are always procrastinat

30、ing. The figures are disappointing. Procrastinators are less wealthy, less healthy and less happy than those who dont delay. Procrastinators like to find excuses to justify their behavior, but BBC columnist Rowan Pelling says they are all wrong.Many procrastinators tell themselves they are perfectio

31、nists who work best under pressure. Pelling says this is nonsense, as work done at the last minute is more likely to have mistakes than work done on time. The behavior of procrastinators often makes them feel ashamed, inconveniences others and annoys loved ones.Pelling also points out that procrasti

32、nation feels particularly delinquent(过失的）in a society that thinks of swift action as admirable, and, at times, even as a moral good.Fortunately, social scientists have thrown their weight behind efforts to understand this behavioral mistake and offer strategies to control it. Piers Steel, a Canadian social scientist and author of The Procrastination Equation, believes human is “designed” to procrastinate