新人教版高中英语必修第三册同步习题精做 Unit 4 Space Exploration 第一课时.docx

1、新人教版高中英语必修第三册同步习题精做 Unit 4 Space Exploration 第一课时英语24字整体教学法：超前集中 整体掌握 强化训练 习题精做 学一带四 课外拓展授课模式特点：科学 全面 系统 快速 高效 实用同步习题精做十三Unit 4Period 1. 阅读理解AModern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in

2、 a variety of different ways for several important reasons. Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe,

3、 making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can

4、survive much longer under these conditions. Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, to fi

5、nding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots. The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry hum

6、ans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain, they dont require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break. Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different t

7、ypes of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mar

8、s history. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了机器人对太空探索非常重要, 机器人正被用于太空探索。1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The Development of RobotsB. The Discovery of Space ExplorationC. No Robots, No Space ExplorationD. Robots Are Used in Space Exploration【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“but robots are ver

9、y important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons”可知, 本文主要介绍了机器人正被用于太空探索, 故D项正确。2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans. B. It is danger

10、ous for humans to explore other surfaces in the solar system except the earth. C. Both Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water on Mars. D. Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The use of robots has made the cost of space explorat

11、ion much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. ”可知, 用机器人进行太空探索的花费比人类从事这项工作的花费更少, 故选A。3. The underlined word “withstand” in Paragraph 2 most probably means “_”. A. remain B. bearC. defeat D. develop 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or muc

12、h too cold for any humans to”可知, 温度太高或太低, 任何人都无法忍受, 由此可知画线词词义为“忍受”, 故选B。4. What is the writers attitude in this passage? A. Negative. B. Persuasive. C. Subjective. D. Objective. 【解析】选D。观点态度题。纵观全文可知, 作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的应用, 并没有带任何自己的主观看法。故选D。BSpace is where our future is trips to the Moon, Mars and b

13、eyond. Most people would think that aside from comets and stars, there was little else out there. But, since our space journey started we have left so much trash there that scientists are now concerned that if we dont clean it up, we may all be in great danger. The first piece of space junk was crea

14、ted in 1964, when the American satellite Vanguard stopped operating and lost its connection with the ground center. However, since it kept orbiting around the Earth without any results, scientists became increasingly comfortable abandoning things that no longer served any useful purposes in space. I

15、t is said that there are now over 500, 000 pieces of man-made trash orbiting the Earth at speeds of up to 17, 500 miles per hour. The junk varies from tiny pieces of paint chipped off rockets to cameras, huge fuel tanks, and even odd items like the million-dollar tool kit that astronaut Heidemarie S

16、tefanyshyn Piper lost during a spacewalk. The major problem with the space trash is that it may hit working satellites and damage traveling spaceships. Moreover, pieces of junk may crash with each other and break into pieces which fall back to the Earth. To avoid this, scientists have invented sever

17、al ways for clearing the sky. Ground stations have been built to monitor larger pieces of space trash to prevent them from crashing into working satellites or space shuttles. Future plans include a cooperative effort among many nations to stop littering in space and to clean up the trash already the

18、re. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了太空被人类航空废弃物污染的现状。各国开始重视太空垃圾造成的问题以及带来的风险和危害并着手解决这一问题。5. What was the first piece of man-made space trash? A. A camera. B. A tool kit. C. A fuel tank. D. A broken satellite. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知, 第一片人造太空垃圾是一个坏了的卫星, 故选D。6. Why were scientists NOT concerned about space trash in

19、the beginning? A. It no longer served any useful purposes. B. It was millions of miles away from the Earth. C. It did not cause any problems. D. It was regarded as similar to comets and stars. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 科学家最初没有关心太空垃圾, 是因为它没有造成任何问题, 故选C。7. What can we conclude from the passage about sp

20、ace junk? A. It is huge, heavy machines. B. It never changes position. C. It floats slowly around the Earth. D. It may cause problems for space shuttles. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段并结合选项可知, 太空垃圾可能会给航天飞机带来问题。故选D。8. What has been done about the space trash problem? A. Scientists have cleaned up most of the tra

21、sh. B. Large pieces of space trash are being closely watched. C. Many nations have worked together to stop polluting space. D. Ground stations are built to help store the trash properly in space. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段第四句“Ground stations have been built to monitor. . . ”可知, 现阶段比较大的太空垃圾正在被严密监控, 故选B。. 阅读填

22、句阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020天水高一检测)History is a record of what has happened in the past. 1 The really fascinating thing is that much of history has been repeated time and again. It allows us to learn from the past, both the mistakes made and the successes achieved. One of the be

23、nefits of history is reading how other people both famous and totally unknown have overcome great challenges in their life. These challenges, although particular to a person, or to a certain time in the past, or occurring in a different country or culture, all convey(传达) the same thing. 2 3 He met w

24、ith many failures on the road to finally inventing the modern-day light bulb. He could be held out as an example of a person who never gave up. 4 However, he did not let those failures stop him. He had a dream and he just kept trying different things until he did reach success. Or, consider the stor

25、y of Abraham Lincoln who managed to become President of the United States even though he suffered many setbacks and personal losses. Most of us only realize the success of Mr Lincoln becoming President. 5 His life was not an easy one. His story is one that motivates us to keep moving forward no matt

26、er what obstacles we have in life. A. It has a lot of influence on us. B. Take the story of Thomas Edison as an example. C. It has some very unique qualities about it. D. I am sure he was discouraged by his many failures. E. They convey wisdom in their short stories of perseverance(毅力). F. Few of us

27、 know about the many challenges he had to overcome. G. Only those with courage to face challenges can hope to live their dreams. 【语篇概述】 历史是对过去发生的事情的记录。从这些事情中, 我们可以学到人类犯过的错误和取得的成就。1. 【解析】选C。空格前面一句说的是历史是对过去发生的事情的记录。根据空格后的“The really fascinating thing is that. . . ”可知, 空格处说的是历史有许多独特性。2. 【解析】选E。根据前一句“.

28、. . all convey the same thing. ”可知这一句要具体解释什么是“同样的事情”。3. 【解析】选B。本段主要讲的是爱迪生的故事。由空格后的内容可知前面应该是以爱迪生为例。4. 【解析】选D。由空格后的转折词However可知, 前后句子是转折关系, 空格处应该为“爱迪生肯定为他的多次失败感到气馁过”。5. 【解析】选F。根据空格前“Most of us only realize the success of Mr Lincoln becoming President. ”可知空格处应为“很少有人知道他必须克服的许多挑战”。【素养培优】阅读课文, 根据其内容写一篇80词

29、左右的内容概要。Scientists keep exploring space for many years and have achieved development. In 1957, USSR launched the first satellite into space, orbiting around Earth. In 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to be sent into space. In 1969, US astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the m

30、oon. China has also made great progress in space. In 2003, Yang Liwei was independently sent into space. Despite many risks and difficulties, scientists are determined to further study other planets. 阅读理解The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while

31、the other planets dont? For one thing, the earth has the right temperature. As the third planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are so hot that their surfaces bake in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls. When the eart

32、h developedwhich scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years agomany gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that hu