hhacct7smch21管理会计.docx

1、hhacct7smch21管理会计Chapter 21Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) Analysis Quick CheckAnswers:1. b3. a5. d7. b 9. a2. d4. b6. a8. c10. cExplanations:2. d. $110,000 = (100,000 $1) + $10,0003. a.Breakeven sales=$50,000=1,000 passengersin units$60 $104. b.Breakeven sales=$0.60 million=$1.5 millionin dollars0.40Contr

2、ibution margin ratio (40%)=$3 billion $1.8 billion $3 billion5. d.Target sales=$50,000 + $100,000=$375,000in dollars0.40Contribution margin ratio (40%)=$60 $36$609. a. Margin of safety ($0) = Expected sales ($800,000*) breakeven sales ($800,000) *($600,000 + $700,000 + $900,000 + $800,000 + $1,000,0

3、00) / 5 = $800,00010. c.Breakeven sales=$50,000=1,250 passengersin total units$40* 625 regular 625 discount*Weighted-average=($60 $10) + ($40 $10)=$40contribution margin2per unit Short Exercises(5-10 min.) S 21-1F1. Depreciation on routers used to cut wood enclosuresV2. Wood for speaker enclosuresF3

4、. Patents on crossover relaysV4. Crossover relaysV5. Grill clothV6. GlueF7. Quality inspectors salary(5-10 min.) S 21-2F1. Building rentF2. ToysF3. Playground equipmentV4. Afternoon snacksF5. Sallys salaryV6. Wages of after-school employeesV7. Drawing paperF8. Tables and chairs(5-10 min.) S 21-3Req.

5、 1a. Call for 20 minutes $5.00 + (20 $0.35) $5.00 + $7.00 = $12.00b. Call for 40 minutes$5.00 + (40 $0.35) $5.00 + $14.00 = $19.00c. Call for 80 minutes$5.00 + (80 $0.35) $5.00 + $28.00 = $33.00(continued) S 21-3Req. 2(5-10 min.) S 21-4Req. 1 Variable cost per unit=Change in total cost Change in vol

6、ume of activity=($2,400 $2,200) (1,000 machinehours 500 machine hours)=$200 500 hours = $.40 per machinehourReq. 2Total fixed cost=Total mixed cost Total variable cost=$2,400 ($.40 1,000 machine hours)=$2,400 $400 = $2,000In this example the highest cost and volume were chosen to calculate the total

7、 fixed cost, but the lowest cost and volume also could be used to calculate the $2,000 total fixed cost:Total fixed cost=Total mixed cost Total variable cost=$2,200 ($.40 500 machine hours)=$2,200 $200 = $2,000(5-10 min.) S 21-5Income statement approach:Sales revenueVariable costsFixed=Operatingcost

8、sincome Sale price Units per unit sold Variable cost UnitsFixed=Operating per unit soldcostsincome($60 Units sold)($20 Units sold)$275,000=$0($60 $20) Units sold$275,000=$0$40Units sold=$275,000Units sold=6,875 ticketsAlternative: Shortcut contribution margin approach:Units sold=Fixed costs + Operat

9、ing income(to break even)Contribution margin per unit=$275,000 + 0$40*=6,875 tickets*Contribution margin=$60 sale$20 variable cost per person priceper personProof:Sales revenue (6,875 $60).$412,500Variable costs (6,875 $20). 137,500Contribution margin.275,000Fixed costs. (275,000)Operating income.$

10、0(continues S 21-4) (5 min.) S 21-6Req. 1Contribution margin ratioContribution margin per person=$40*Sale price per person$60=0.66667 *Sale price ($60) minus variable cost per person ($20)Req. 2Breakeven =Fixed costs + Operating incomesales in dollarsContribution margin ratio=$275,000 + $00.66667=$4

11、12,500(10 min.) S 21-7Req. 1Sales revenueVariable costsFixed=Operatingcostsincome Sale price Units per unit sold Variable cost UnitsFixed=Operating per unit soldcostsincome($50 Units sold)($20 Units sold)$275,000=$0($50 $20) Units sold$275,000=$0 $30Units sold=$275,000Units sold=9,167 tickets9,167 tickets $50 = $458,350Reducing the sale price increases the breakeven point.Alternatively,Contribution=Contribution margin per unitmargin rat