听力教程Unit 3 BK4 2536课堂用文本第二版.docx

1、听力教程Unit 3 BK4 2536课堂用文本 第二版Unit 3Section One Tactics for ListeningListening and Translation 1. Girls score higher than boys in almost every country.2. Differences between males and females are a continuing issue of fierce debate.3. Cultural and economic influences play an important part.4. But rece

2、nt findings suggest that the answer may lie in differences between the male and female brain.5. These include differences in learning rates.ExerciseDirections: Listen to some sentences and translate them into Chinese. You will hear each sentence three times1. 几乎在所有的国家里，女孩子都比男孩子得分高。2. 男女差异一直是激烈争论的焦点。

3、3. 文化和经济的影响起着重要作用。4. 但是最新的发现提示，答案也许在于男女大脑的差异。5. 这些包括学习速度上的差异。 Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 Dialogue-Unusual OccupationInterviewer: I believe you are the founder of Serenading* Service, is that right?Singer: Yes, thats right. I started the service three years ago when I realized that Bri

4、tish people were desperate for romance with a capital R. I thought there would be a clientele* for a hired serenader. Interviewer: How did you begin your career as a singer?Singer: I started singing as a choirboy and at the age of 10 I was chosen to sing alongside Placido Domingo* at a charity do. T

5、hats what really got me started on a musical career. I went on to study music and then I joined an opera company.Interviewer: Where did the idea of serenading come from?Singer: From my studies of Renaissance music, and of course, opera, which is full of serenades. On the Continent, especially in Spa

6、in and Italy where it still thrives, it is a traditional romantic experience. Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade into an art form for hire.Interviewer: What exactly do you do?Singer: Well, usually Im hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally Im asked to sin

7、g to men, but only very exceptionally. Interviewer: Can you explain it a bit more?Singer: The service is really a form of intimate alfresco* theatre with love songs which are guaranteed to melt the hardest hearts. I usually wear a white tie and tails and singamorous* Italian songs. I carry chocolate

8、 hearts or flowers and when there is no balcony available I sing from trees or fire escapes!Interviewer: How much do you charge for a serenade?Singer: It depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is 450 but it can cost a lot more especially if I take a gondola* and a group of

9、musicians along. Each serenade is different. The idea is to personalize them as much as possible. Interviewer: How do people react?Singer: Thats difficult to say, because you never get the same reaction twice. Some people are so moved that they burst into tears. Its all very emotional.Interviewer: D

10、o people ever react badly? Do you ever get used as an unwanted messenger?Singer: That is a major worry. We try to find out as much as we can about our clients to avoid unpleasant situations. You have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted. Once I was even a

11、ccused of harassment and the woman called the police. Another time a neighbor called the police to complain about the noise. We really have to be extremely careful and discreet*.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks with the missing information.Serenading Service was foun

12、ded three years ago when the singer realized that British people were desperate for romance. He thought there would be a clientele for a hired serenader. The idea came from his studies of Renaissance music, which is full of serenades. Over the centuries, university students have turned the serenade

13、into an art form for hire. Usually he is hired by men to sing love songs to women. Occasionally he is asked to sing to men.The service is really a form of intimate alfresco theatre with love songs. He usually wears a white tie and tails and sings amorous Italian songs. He will carry chocolate hearts

14、 or flowers and when there is no balcony available he will sing from trees or fire escape sThe fee depends on whether a musician comes along or not. The basic rate is 450 but it can cost a lot more especially if he takes a gondola and a group of musicians along. Some people are so moved that they bu

15、rst into tears, but some react badly. They try to find out as much as they can about their clients to avoid unpleasant situations. They have to be very careful these days because a serenade can be completely misinterpreted.Part 2 Passage-Memory TechniquesMemory tools can help you to improve your mem

16、ory. Mnemonic* is another word for memory tool. Mnemonics* are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall. A very simple example is the 30 days hath September* rhyme. The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possib

17、le to store information.Our brains evolved to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language. We use these to make sophisticated models of the world we live in. Our memories store all of these very effectively. U

18、nfortunately information we have to remember is almost always presented in only one way as words printed on a page. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.By coding language and numbers in strikin

19、g images, you can reliably code both information and the structure of information. You can then easily recall these later.You can do the following things to make your mnemonics more memorable:- Use positive, pleasant images. The brain often blocks out unpleasant ones.- Use vivid, colorful, sense-lad

20、en* images.- Use all your senses to code information or dress up an image. Remember that your mnemonic can contain sounds, smells, tastes, touch, movements and feelings as well as pictures.- Give your image three dimensions, movement and space to make it more vivid.There are three fundamental princi

21、ples underlying the use of mnemonics: imagination, association and location. Working together, these principles can generate powerful mnemonic systems.Imagination is what you use to create and strengthen the associations needed to create effective mnemonics. Your imagination is what you use to creat

22、e mnemonics that are potent* for you. The more strongly you imagine and visualize* a situation, the more effectively it will stick in your mind for later recall. The imagery you use in your mnemonics can be as violent, vivid, or sensual as you like, as long as it helps you to remember.Association is

23、 the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it. You can create associations by:- placing things on top of each other;- merging images together;- wrapping them around each other;- linking them using the same color, smell, shape, or feeling.Location gives you two thi

24、ngs: a coherent* context into which you can place information so that it hangs together, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another. By setting one mnemonic in a particular town, I can separate it from a similar mnemonic set in a city. For example, by setting one in the town of Horsham and an

25、other similar mnemonic with images of Manhattan, we can separate them with no danger of confusion. You can build the flavors and atmosphere of these places into your mnemonics to strengthen the feeling of location.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionBelow is a list of memory or learning principles to h

26、elp you to remember things:- The brain prioritizes by meaning, value and relevance. In order to remember something thoroughly, you must be interested in it and think that it has value and relevance in your life.- Your attitude has much to do with whether you remember something or not. Attention is n

27、ot the same as learning, but little learning takes place without attention.- Your understanding of new materials depends on what you already know. The more you increase your basic knowledge, the easier it is to build new knowledge on this background.- You can learn and remember better if you can gro

28、up ideas into some sort of meaningful categories or groups.- The brains quickest and probably the longest-lasting response is to images. By making a mental picture, you use an entirely different part of the brain than you did by reading or listening.- Memory is increased when facts to be learned are

29、 consciously associated with something familiar to you.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1. Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.2. Our brains evolved

30、 to code and interpret complex stimuli such as images, colors, structures, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, positions, emotions and language.3. While language is one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to our minds.4. Association

31、is the method by which you link a thing to be remembered to a way of remembering it.5. Location gives you two things: a coherent context into which you can place information, and a way of separating one mnemonic from another.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide w

32、hether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.T 1. Mnemonics are tools which can help you to improve your memory. (Memory tools can help you to improve your memory. Mnemonic is another word for memory tool.) T 2. The fundamental principle of mnemonics is to make full use of the best functions of the brain to store information. (The basic principle of mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of your brain as possible to store info