Dzdegwg听力速记符号汇编适合雅思听力高级口译.docx

1、Dzdegwg听力速记符号汇编适合雅思听力高级口译七夕，古今诗人惯咏星月与悲情。吾生虽晚，世态炎凉却已看透矣。情也成空，且作“挥手袖底风”罢。是夜，窗外风雨如晦，吾独坐陋室，听一曲尘缘，合成诗韵一首，觉放诸古今，亦独有风韵也。乃书于纸上。毕而卧。凄然入梦。乙酉年七月初七。-啸之记。 听力速记符号汇编常用速记箭头汇编g1表示到达、传达：go into，arrive at，give to，send to，present to etc.2表示导致、引导：lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc.3表示屈服：submit tof1表示来自于：be/com

2、e from，return，receive from, etc.2表示追溯到：come/go back to，originateh1表示上升：up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend, etc.2表示发射、投放市场、发行：launch，open, start, etc.3表示发展、加强、推进：develop，strengthen， promote, etc表示“波折”：ups and downs, twists and turns, etc.常用速记数学符号汇编：+表示“多”: many, lots of, a great deal of, a good man

3、y of, etc.+(+2)表示“多”的比较级：more+3表示“多”的最高级：most表示“少”: little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.表示“错误”、“失误”和“坏”的概念：wrong/incorrect，something bad，notorious，negative, etc. 1表示“多于”概念：bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc.2表示“高” 概念：superior to，surpass, etc.1表示“少于”概念：less/smaller，etc

4、.2表示“低”概念：inferior to，etc. =1表示“同等”概念：means，that is to say， in other words，the same as，be equal to, etc.2表示“对手”概念：a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc.( )表示“在.之间”：among, within, etc.1表示“不同”概念：be different from, etc. 2表示“无敌”概念：matchless, peerless, etc. 表示“大约”概念：about/around，or so， approximate

5、ly, etc./表示“否定”，“消除”等概念：cross out, eliminate, etc.1. Note-taking symbols and abbreviations for your reference: Abbreviations in Note taking Use only the abbreviations that fit your needs and that you will remember easily. A good idea is to introduce only a few abbreviations into your note taking at

6、a time. Symbols helpful in math - these are commonly used in texts and references. S = sum f = frequency Leave out periods in standard abbreviations. cf = compare e.g. = example dept = department Use only the first syllable of a word. pol = politics dem = democracy lib = liberal cap = capitalism Use

7、 entire first syllable and only 1st letter of 2nd syllable. pres = presentation subj = subject ind = individual cons = conservative Eliminate final letters. Use just enough of the word to form a recognizable abbreviation. assoc = associate biol = biology info = information ach = achievement chem = c

8、hemistry max = maximum intro= introduction conc = concentration min = minimum rep = repetition Omit vowels, retain only enough consonants to give a recognizable skeleton of the word. ppd = prepared prblm = problem estmt = estimate bkgd = background gvt = government Use an apostrophe in place of lett

9、ers. amt = amount contd = continued govt = government educatl = educationalForm the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word by adding s. chpts = chapters egs = examples fs = frequencies intros = introductions Use g to represent ing endings. ckg = checking estg = establishing decrg = decreasing exptg

10、= experimenting Spell out short words such as in, at, to, but, for, and key. Abbreviations or symbols for short words will make the notes too dense with shorthand. Leave out unimportant words. Leave out the words a and the. If a term, phrase, or name is written out in full during the lecture, substi

11、tute initials whenever the term, phrase, or name is used again. For example, Center for Aerospace Sciences becomes CAS thereafter. Use symbols for commonly recurring connective or transitional words. & = and w/ = with w/o = without vs = against = therefore = = is or equal Use technical symbols where

12、 applicable. zb = German, for example ibid = Latin, the same work o = degrees H2O = water More reference: Use standard maths, accounting, and science symbols. Examples: + plus / parallel Use standard abbreviations and leave out full stops. Examples: eg example IT dept Information Technology departme

13、nt UK United Kingdom Use only the first syllable of a word. Examples: mar marketing cus customer cli client Use the entire first syllable and the first letter of the second syllable. Examples: subj subject budg budgetind individual To distinguish among various forms of the same word, use the first s

14、yllable of the word, an apostrophe, and the ending of the word. Examples: techgy technology genion generalisation dely delivery Use just enough of the beginning of a word to form a recognisable abbreviation. Examples: assoc associated ach achievement info information Omit vowels from the middle of words, retaining only enough consonants to provide a recognisable skeleton of the word. Examples: bkgd background mvmt movement prblm problem Form the plural of a symbol or abbreviated word b