1、高考英语介词重点讲解高考英语介词重点讲解一、考查热点介词的用法例1: When do we need to pay the balance? _ September 30. A. In B. By C. During D. Within析:由语境逻辑可知,该空表示“到为止”。例2: This new model of car is so expensive that it is _ the reach of those with average incomes.A. over B. within C. beyond D. below析: so expensive暗示该空表示“超出之外”。例3:
2、 In order to change attitudes _ employing women, the government is bringing in new laws.A. about B. of C. towards D. on析: 该空表示“对的(态度)”。二、考查“动词+介词”短语的区别“动词+介词”短语是最常见的介词短语,高考对其考查有下列几种可能性:(1)考查“动词(不同)+介词(不同)”短语的区别。例1: The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _ the matte
3、r.A. seeing through B. working out C. looking into D. watching over析: 由主语和宾语之间的语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“调查”,因此应填looking into。see through看透;work out解出;watch over守卫,保护。例2: The boss said we had only three days to finish the work. Dont worry. We have already _ two thirds of it. A. got down B. got through C. given i
4、n D. given away析:Dont worry.与already之间的语境逻辑暗示该空表示“完成”,因此应填got through。get down下来,取下,写下;give in屈服;give away赠送,泄露,分配。(2)考查“动词(相同)+介词(不同)”短语的区别take, make, pick, turn, go, get, set, put, give, leave, keep, cut, call, pull等动词构成的不同介词短语是高考考查的重点。例1: With no one to _ in such a frightening situation, she felt
5、 very helpless.A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off D. turn over析:helpless暗示该空表示“求助”,因此应填turn to。turn on打开;turn off关掉;turn over翻开。例2: The Internet has brought _ big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up析:主语和宾语间的逻辑性暗示该空表示“带来”,因此应用bring about。bring out拿出;bring back归还,使记起,使恢复;bring up
6、吐出,抚养。(3)考查“动词(不同)+介词(相同)”短语的区别由同一介词、不同动词组成的介词短语也是历年高考考查的重点。备考时应重点注意out, for, up, into, off, on, in, through, to等活跃介词构成的“动词+介词”短语。例1: This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father.A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out 析:was taken a long time ago暗示该空表示“挑选”,因此应填pic
7、k out。find out找出, 发现; look out当心;speak out直言不讳地说。例2: Could you please tell me where you bought the shoes you _ yesterday? A. tried on B. put on C. had on D. pulled on析: “你可以告诉我你昨天穿着的那双鞋是在哪里买的吗?” try on试穿; put on穿上(表动作);have on穿着(表状态);pull on很快穿上。三、 考查“介词+名词/代词”短语的用法“介词+名词/代词”是常见的介词短语,主要由by, for, in,
8、 on等活跃介词+名词/代词构成。例1: I would like a job which pays more, but _ I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.A. in other words B. on the other hand C. for one thing D. as a matter of fact析: but暗示该空表示“另一方面”,因此应填on the other hand。in other words换言之;for one thing首先,举个例说; as a matter of fact实际上。例2: No one help
9、ed me. I did it all _ myself.A. for B. by C. from D. to 析: No one helped me.暗示该空表示“独立地”,因此应用by oneself短语。for oneself 为某人自己,亲自;to oneself 独用地,在心中。四、 考查“介词+名词+介词”短语的区别“介词+名词+介词”也是常见的介词短语,开头介词多为in, for, at, by等活跃介词。例1: My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it. A. in favour of B. in
10、 memory of C. in honour of D. in search of析: while的对比性语境逻辑暗示该空应填against的反义词,表示“赞成”,因此应填in favour of。in memory of为纪念;in honour of为纪念,为向表示敬意,为庆祝;in search of寻找。例2: John became a football coach in Sealion Middle School _ the beginning of March. A. on B. for C. with D. at析: at the beginning of在一开始。五、考查对
11、“be+形容词+介词”短语的识别“be+形容词+介词”短语中,形容词多半表示人的心理,介词多为with, of, about, to, for, in等活跃介词。例: You know, Bob is a little slow _ under-standing, so. So I have to be patient _ him.A. in; with B. on; withC. in; to D. at; for析: be slow in在(方面)迟钝;be patient with对耐心。六、 考查对介词式插入语的区别由介词in构成的插入语一向是高考考查的重点,常见的有in fact,
12、in turn, in return, in general, in a word, in other words, in ones opinion等。例:A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development. A. in nature B. in return C. in turn D. in fact析:由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示“反过来”,因此应填in turn。in nature性质上;in return作为报答;in fact实
13、际上。七、考查对with引导的独立结构的识别with+名词/代词+不定式/现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词均可构成独立主格结构。该结构在句中作状语,其中不定式强调未来动作,现在分词强调动作正在进行,过去分词强调被动动作。例1:It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of析:由语境逻辑和句子结构可知,his works unfinished为“名词+过去分词”独立主格结构作伴随状语,因此前面可加with。例2: _ two exams to worr
14、y about, I have to work really hard this weekend.A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of析: two exams to worry about 构成名词+不定式独立主格结构作原因状语,表示未来动作,因此该空应填with。八、考查对介词+关系代词which+不定式结构的识别“介词+关系代词which+不定式”常作后置定语,表示“在/用可的”,被修饰名词往往为不定式所表示动作的地点或工具。例: Franks dream was to have his own shop _ to produce the w
15、orkings of his own hands.A. that B. in whichC. by which D. how 析:该空表示“在里面可的”,因此应填in which,构成“介词+关系代词which+不定式结构”作后置定语。九、 考查对介词+关系代词which/whom引导的定语从句的识别介词+关系代词which/whom可引导定语从句。解题时可将定语从句与先行词连成一句,缺什么介词就由什么介词+which/whom引导定语从句。例1: I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was,she had run back in the direction _ she had come.A. of which B. by whichC. in which D. from which 析: 定语从句与先行词可连成she had come from the
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