八年级下册第5单元知识点归纳.docx

1、八年级下册第5单元知识点归纳How are you doing=How are you你好吗want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事invite sb to +地点 邀请某人到某地 go to the movies=go to the cinema去看电影say thanks/hello/goodbye to sb.对说谢谢/你好/再见alook happy /tired看起来很开心/累 be popular with sb受某人喜爱be cruel to sb对某人残忍 smiling faces 满脸笑容 one of m

2、y favorite 我最喜爱的之一 be /feel disappointed /proud/ lonely感到失望/自豪/孤独 what a shame=It is a great pity=what a pity太遗憾了 be proud of sb=take pride in sb 为某人感到自豪 a ticket to.一张的票 wish to do sth.希望做某事set a table for.sb.为某人摆放餐具 have a temperature=have a fever 发烧care for= look after=take care of 照顾 be pleased

3、with sth对感到满意be pleased to do sth 很高兴做某事 become angry =be angry生气 what.for =why cheer （me /her/him）up 使振作/高兴起来 play the role of 扮演角色 be on 上演，放映=put on =be shown be with 在一起 on the night of 在的夜晚 fall into 落入in the end=at last=finally 最后 at first=in the beginning 开始；首先go mad 发疯 come into being 形成，诞生b

4、e full of 充满=fill with make peace with sb 与某人和解 end with 以.结束 begin with以开始tell a short story 讲一个小故事 get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠win a medal 获得一枚奖牌 set a table for为摆餐具because of由于 be afraid of doing sth. ; be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事（一）反义词 happy-unhappy/ sad lucky-unlucky poor-rich kind-cruel popular-unpo

5、pular smart-stupid/ silly interesting-boring （二）表示情感的形容词 excited感到兴奋的 surprised 吃惊的 happy 快乐的 unhappy/ sad 伤心的 angry / mad 生气的 worried 焦急的 afraid/ frightened 害怕的 disappointed 失望的 proud 自豪的 lonely 孤单的 nervous 紧张不安的 interested 感到有趣的一. 重点句型及重点语言点1. How nice! 真是太好了! What a shame! 真可惜! What bad news! 多糟的

6、消息! 这三句全都是感叹句.它们的结构为:1) How + adj./ adv. + 主语 + 谓语! 如: How moving the movie is! How fast the boy runs!2) What + a/an + adj. + n. (可数名词的单数) + 主语 + 谓语! 如: What a big apple (it is)!3) What + adj. + n.(可数名词的复数或不可数名词) + 主语 + 谓语! 如: What interesting stories (they are)! What hard work ( it is)!2. Because h

7、e cant get a ticket to The Sound of Music. 因为他没有买到音乐之声的票.to 表“的”，常见的搭配如下：a ticket toThe Sound of Music 一张音乐之声的票the answer to the question 问题的答案 the key to the door 门的钥匙the way to去.的路3. I think Mr. Lee likes it very much and really wishes to watch it. 我认为李老师非常喜欢它而且的确想去看. wish/ hope to do sth.希望做某事 与

8、wish 相关的结构还有: wish/ hope + that引导的从句; 如: I wish/ hope (that) we will win.我们可以说wish sb. to do sth. 而不能说hope sb. to do sth.; 4. Ill ring up Michael later. 稍后我打电话给迈克. ring up sb. = call/ ring/ phone sb. = give sb. a ring/ call/ telephone = make a telephone to sb. 当宾语为代词时, 只能放中间.如: ring me/him/her up5.s

9、ince they were not able to go. 既然他们不能去. can与be able to 二者都表“能；会”，在指“一般能力”时，常互换。如：He can/is able to work out the problem. 他能算出这道难题. 区别: can 只有现在式和过去式(could),没有数的变化;而be able to 有时态及数的变化. 如: I/ She couldnt swim three years ago, but now I / She can . 三年前,我/她 不会游泳, 但现在我/她能. I will be able to see him next

10、 week. 下周, 我将会看到他.They were /He was able to climb the mountain, but now they arent/ He wasnre / He was too old. 他们/他过去能爬得上这座山, 但现在不能. 他们/他太老了.6. Im sure Mr. Lee will be surprised and happy! 我确信李老师会很惊奇也很高兴! be surprised “感到惊奇的”, 主语一般为人. be surprising “令人惊奇的”, 主语一般为物. 类似的有：interested/ interesting; exc

11、ited/ exciting; bored/ boring 7. The lonely father often became angry because of the noisy children. 孤独的父亲经常由于吵吵闹闹的的孩子们而发怒了。 because of “由于”，是介词短语，后常跟名词或短语。如： He didnt come to school because of his illness./ because he was ill. 由于他的病，他没来上学。 We didnt go there because of the heavy rain./ because it ra

12、ined heavily. 由于大雨，我们没去那儿。8. Maria was able to cheer up the family by teaching them to sing lively songs玛丽亚有能力通过教他们唱轻快的歌曲使整个家庭振作起来。by 是介词，指“通过（某种方式）”，后面跟名词、代词、形容词或动名词。9. What did Maria go to the Von Trapp family for = Why did Maria go to the Von Trapp 玛丽亚为了什么目的去冯特拉普家庭10. and the mother was so worrie

13、d that she looked for him everywhere, 这位母亲是如此焦急，以致于他四处寻找他。 so + adj/ adv. + that + 句子 指“如此以致于”二. 重点语法 1系表结构：Linking verb.(系动词) + adj.（形容词） 常见的连系动词如下:1）be 动词：He is helpful. They are tired.2) 表 “起来”：look看起来; sound听起来; taste尝起来;feel摸起来等等.如:3）表状态变化的连系动词有：get 变得; turn 转变; go变; become变成 等等. 如: In summer,

14、the days get longer, the weather gets warmer. In fall, the leaves turn yellow. The mother went mad.He became angry.Topic 2do badly/well in 在方面差/好have a talk with sb. = talk with sb与某人谈话 be worried about 为担忧.be strict with sb.对某人严格要求 be strict about sth.对某事严格要求be patient with对耐心 some suggestions=some

15、 advice一些建议over and over again 反复地，一再 as +形容词/副词+.as 像.一样be pleased with/ about / at sb.对某人感到满意 be bored with 对感到讨厌be tired of 对感到疲惫 be mad at对感到气愤be glad about对感到高兴 be angry with sb. 因某人而生气be angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气 be anxious about / at sth.对某事感到焦急pass the exam 通过考试 get/ask/tell sb. to do sth

16、使(让，叫)某人做某事;let/ make/ have sb. do sth.使(让，叫)某人做某事 have a talk with sb与某人交谈=talk with sb try to do sth尽力/努力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 have a try 试一试because of (doing) sth因为 at ones age 在某人的年龄时at the age of.在几岁时 calm down 冷静，镇静 have bad experiences 有不好的经历 happen to sb 发生在某人身上 happen to do sth 碰巧做某事would

17、/ could / will you please dosth 你愿意.吗 请你. It is said that .据说 give sb a hand 帮助某人=do favorget/be used to (doing)sth 习惯于做某事 used to do sth过去常常做某事be used to do sth 被用来做某事 whats more =besides除此之外 as usual 像往常一样 with the hep of sb=with ones help在某人的帮助下 be/make friends with 与交朋友 join in 参加（活动）=take part

18、in fit in 被他人接受，相处融洽give best wishes to sb.向某人致以最美好的祝愿 deal with处理，处置=do withall the time 一直 not pass the exam=fail in exam考试不及格refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 argue with sb与某人争吵stop doing sth停止做某事 stop to do sth停下来去做另外一件事learn to do sth学着做某事 learn .from sb 向某人学习.have a normal life过正常的生活 at last= finally = i

19、n the end 最后no longer= not any longer 不再 （一）词形转换： (反义词)well (最高级)shyest (过去式)understood (同义词)worried (形容词)satisfied (形容词)surprised (动词)suggest (形容词)strange (同义词)suggestion (反义词)too(名词)humor (名词)sadness (反义词)fair (过去式)hit （二）重点词组:( 1 ) “be + 形容词+ 介词” 的结构: be worried about 对感到担心/ 焦虑 be anxious about 对

20、感到焦虑 be glad about 对高兴 be nervous about 对紧张 be strict with sb.对某人严格 be strict in / about sth. 对某事严格 be patient with 对耐心 be pleased / satisfied with 对满意 be bored with 对烦闷 be popular with 受欢迎 be angry with/at sb.对某人生气 be surprised at 对惊奇 be mad at 对气愤 be excited at 对兴奋 be interested in对有兴趣 be tired of

21、 对疲倦 be afraid of 对害怕二、重点句型及重点语言点1. Anything wrong = Is there anything wrong 有什么麻烦吗形容词修饰不定代词要后置. 如:something bad 不好的事情 everything new 一切新的事物2. What seems to be the problem 似乎有什么问题seem to do sth. “似乎做某事” 常与 “It seems that + 句子” 转换, 如:He seems to know her name. = It seems that he knows her name. 似乎他知道

22、她的名字.seem + adj “似乎(怎样)”, 构成系表结构. 如:You seem sad. = You seem (to be) sad.= It seems that you are sad.你似乎很伤心.3. It is important to talk to someone else. 跟其它人交流很重要.句型 “It is + adj. + to do”中, “It”是形式主语,真正主语是后面的动词不定式. 如:It is normal to feel tired after a long trip.长途旅行后,感到疲劳是正常的.It is dangerous to swim

23、 in the sea. 在大海里游泳是很危险的.4. It usually takes me a long time to become happy again. 通常要花我很长时间才能重新快乐起来.句型 “It takes sb. some time to do sth.” 花了某人某时做某事. 如:It took me three days to finish this work. 花了我三天时间完成这项工作.5. . when something bad happens to us. 当不好的事情发生在我们身上时.“sth. happens to sb.”, 指“某事发生在某人身上”.

24、 是一种惯用句型. 如:A serious accident happened to his brother yesterday. 昨天,一个重大事故发生在他的兄弟身上.happen to do sth. 指 “碰巧做某事”, 如:I happened to see my friend Jim in the street yesterday.昨天,我碰巧在街上看到我的朋友吉姆.6. How time flies! “光阴似箭!” 是 How quickly the time flies! 简略句.7. I have to get used to everything new. 我不得不去适应一

25、切新的事物.get / be used to (doing) sth. “习惯于(做)某事”. 其中是介词. 如:He cant get used to the weather here. 他不习惯这儿的天气.I am used to getting up early. 我习惯于早起.used to do sth. 指 “过去常做某事”, 如:He used to listen to the pop songs, but now he listens to the folk songs.他过去常听通俗歌曲,但现在他听民歌.8. I try to join in activities of ma

26、ny kinds. 我尽量参加各式各样的活动.join in sth. 指“参加活动”, 相当于take part in或be in.join 指 “参加某个组织或团体” 12 . How does Jeff deal with his sadness 杰夫怎样处理他的忧伤的 Howdeal with “怎样处理” 相当于“What .do with”三、重点语法 同级比较1) 表示两者在某一方面程度相等时,用句型 “as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”. 表 “与一样”. 如:Celia is as patient as Sue. 西莉亚与苏一样耐心.Jim draws as

27、 well as Tom. 吉姆画得与汤姆一样好.2) 表示某人或某物在某一方面,不如另一个人或另一物时,用句型 “not + as/so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 比较对象”, 表 “不如”. 如: Jim isnt as tall as Tom.= Tom is taller than Jim. 吉姆不如汤姆高./ 汤姆比吉姆高.Jim doesnt studies as hard as Tom. = Tom studies harder than Jim. 吉姆不如汤姆学得努力./ 汤姆学得比吉姆努力. The roads here are not as clean as th

28、ose in our hometown. 这儿的路不如我们家乡的路干净.原因状语从句 表示主句发生的原因/理由。Because, as , since , for 都表示因为，由于。Because用来回答以why引导的疑问句；since和 as不回答以why引导的疑问句。because 引导的原因状语从句: 表示的原因语气很强,一般用在主句后面,强调因果关系. Mr. Wang looks tired because he worked late last night and didnt get enough sleep. Kangkang is disappointed because hi

29、s best friend is not able to come. -Why do they feel proud -Because a player from their country won a medal.As 表示双方已经知道的原因As I am ill, I wont go.Since “既然” 表示稍加分析后而推断出来的原因Since we have no money, we cant buy it.For 引导的句子不放在句首，for前常用逗号。The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 鸟儿在唱歌，天亮了。Topic3sound t

30、errible 听起来可怕let/ make/ have sb. do sth.使(让，叫)某人做某事make sb./sth. +形容词/ 名词“使.” be sorry about 对感到难过be afraid of (doing) sth / be afraid to do sth./ be afraid that 害怕担心Im afraid恐怕很遗憾 get well 康复Follow / take the doctors advice遵循医生的建议 be worried about 为担忧. at the end of在最后，在尽头（末端）Take it easy.= Dont wo

31、rry.别紧张，别着急take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 it is ones turn to do sth轮到某人做某事 help sth.帮助某人复习/学习 learn by oneself =teach oneself 自学What/How about (doing) sth.怎么样instead of (doing)sth.=in place of代替(做)某事take good care of yourself 好好照顾你自己 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 come back to返回 advise do sth. 建议某人做事 advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一个建议 suggestion建议（可数） be happy for因而