国际商务期末试题及答案.docx

1、国际商务期末试题及答案I B Midterm Examination Answering card (A)CLASS:1001NAME:NUMBER:(1-10，1 score per question; 11-50,2score per question;50-60, 1 score per question)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.51

2、.52.53.54.55.56.57.58.59.60.I. True / False Questions (1 score per question)1.The notion that national economies are relatively self-contained entities is on the rise.2. Mercantilism advocated that countries should encourage exports and imports.3.A firm becomes a multinational enterprise when it und

3、ertakes foreign direct investment.4.The two most common methods of restricting inward FDI are ownership restraints and performance requirements.5. The most global markets currently are markets for industrial goods and materials that serve a universal need the world over.6. Outsourcing is a process t

4、hat is limited to manufacturing enterprises.7. According to Porter, four broad attributes of a nation shape the environment in which local firms compete including supply conditions, factor endowments, regulation, and advanced factors.8. One of the UN central mandates is the promotion of higher stand

5、ards of living, full employment, and conditions of economic and social progress and development9. The total amount of capital invested in factories, stores, office buildings and the like is referred to as the stock of FDI.10. Licensing involves the establishment of a new operation in a foreign count

6、ry.II. Multiple Choice Questions(11-50,2score per question; 51-60, 1 score per question)11.Which of the following is not characteristic of globalization?A.National economies are turning into independent economic systems.B.Material culture is starting to look similar the world over.C.Perceived distan

7、ce is shrinking due to advances in transportation and telecommunications.D.Barriers to cross-border trade and investment are declining.12.Which of the following is not an impediment(限制) that makes it difficult for firms to achieve the optimal dispersion（最优分散） of their productive activities to locati

8、ons around the globe?A.Reduced transportation costs.B.Government regulations.C.Issues associated with economic and political risk.D.Barriers to foreign direct investment.13.Technological innovations have facilitated all of the following except:A.globalization of production.B.globalization of markets

9、.C.creation of electronic global marketplaces.D.creation of absolutely homogeneous（均匀的） consumer markets.14.What is the total cumulative value of foreign investments best referred to as?A.Accumulation of foreign sharesB.Portfolio investmentsC.Stock of foreign direct investmentsD.Stock market investm

10、ents15.If the critics of globalization are correct, all of the following things must be shown except:A.the share of national income received by labor, as opposed to the share received by the owners of capital should have declined in advanced nations.B.even though labors share of the economic pie may

11、 have declined, living standards need not deteriorate if the size of the total pie has increased sufficiently to offset（抵消） the decline in labors share.C.the decline in labors share of national income must be due to moving production to low-wage countries, as opposed to improving production technolo

12、gy and productivity.D.economic growth in developed nations has offset the fall in unskilled workers share of national income, raising their living standards.16.This theory, advanced by the 19th-century English economist David Ricardo, forms the intellectual basis of the modern argument for unrestric

13、ted free trade.A.Heckscher-OhlinB.MercantilismC.Comparative advantageD.Absolute advantage17.This theory explains the observed patterns of international trade by emphasizing the interplay between the proportions in which the factors of production are available in different countries and the proportio

14、ns in which they are needed for producing particular goods.A.MercantilismB. Heckscher-OhlinC. Absolute advantageD.Comparative advantage18.Identify the incorrect statement pertaining to Raymond Vernons product life-cycle theory.A.Early in their life cycle, most new products are produced in and export

15、ed from the country in which they were developed.B.As a new product becomes widely accepted internationally, production starts in other countries.C.A product in the early stage of the product life-cycle is imported by the country where it was innovated.D.A product may ultimately be exported back to

16、the country of its original innovation.19.The theory of _, developed by Michael Porter, focuses on the importance of country factors, in addition to factor endowments, such as domestic demand and domestic rivalry in explaining a nations dominance in the production and export of particular products.A

17、.new tradeB.absolute advantageC.comparative advantageD.national competitive advantage20.Identify the theory that can be interpreted as justifying some limited government intervention to support the development of certain export-oriented industries.A.Theory of national competitive advantageB.Hecksche

18、r-Ohlin theoryC.Theory of comparative advantageD.Theory of absolute advantage21.Mercantilism viewed trade as a(n):A. economic evil.B.zero-sum game. C.nonessential economic activity.D.threat to a governments independence.22.What is the basic message of the theory of comparative advantage?A.Countries

19、are similar in their ability to produce goods efficientlyB.International trade is rarely beneficial to a countryC.Potential world production is greater with unrestricted free trade than it is with restricted tradeD.Trade is a zero-sum game23.According to the product life-cycle theory, the locus of g

20、lobal production initially switches from the U.S. to other advanced nations and then from those nations to developing countries. The consequence of this trend for the pattern of world trade is that over time the U.S.:A.becomes the sole producer of the product.B.switches from being an exporter of the

21、 product to being an importer of the product.C.switches from being an importer of the product to being an exporter of the product.D.becomes the sole consumer of the product.24._ suggests that when nations trade, each nation may be able to specialize in producing a narrower range of products than it

22、would in the absence of trade, and through trade, each nation can simultaneously increase the variety of goods available to its consumers and lower the costs of those goods.A.The product life-cycle theoryB.Porters diamond of competitive advantageC.New trade theoryD.The theory of comparative advantag

23、e25.According to the new trade theorists, because early entrants are able to gain _, the early entrants into an industry may get a lock on the world market that discourages subsequent entry.A.zero-sum advantagesB.highly skilled employeesC.process expertiseD.economies of scale26.A greenfield investme

24、nt:A.is a form of FDI that involves the establishment of a new operation in a foreign country.B.involves a 7 percent stock in an acquired foreign business entity.C.involves a merger with a foreign business.D.occurs when a firm acquires another company in a foreign country.27.Historically, most FDI h

25、as been directed at the _ nations of the world as firms based in advanced countries invested in:A.underdeveloped; underdeveloped countries.B.developed; underdeveloped countries.C.developed; each others markets.D.underdeveloped; each others markets.28.Identify the incorrect statement regarding the di

26、rection of FDI.A.Historically, most FDI has been directed at the developing nations of the world.B.During the 1980s and 1990s, the United States was often the favorite target for FDI inflows.C.The developed nations of the EU have received significant FDI inflows.D.Recent inflows into developing nati

27、ons have been targeted at the emerging economies of South, East, and Southeast Asia.29.According to Knickerbocker:A.the firms that pioneer a product in their home markets undertake FDI to produce a product for consumption in a foreign market.B.when a firm that is part of an oligopolistic industry ex

28、pands into a foreign market, other firms in the industry will be compelled to make similar investments.C.combining location-specific assets or resource endowments and the firms own unique assets often requires FDI.D.impediments to the sale of know-how increase the profitability of FDI relative to li

29、censing.30.When two or more enterprises encounter each other in different regional markets, national markets, or industries, there is:A.vertical integration.B.horizontal integration.C.multipoint competition.D.monopolistic competition.31.The product life cycle suggests that:A.often the same firms tha

30、t pioneer a product in their home markets undertake FDI to produce a product for consumption in foreign markets.B.when a firm that is part of an oligopolistic industry expands into a foreign market, other firms in the industry will be compelled to make similar investments.C.combining location-specif

31、ic assets or resource endowments and the firms own unique assets often requires FDI.D.impediments to the sale of know-how increase the profitability of FDI relative to licensing.32.The _ suggests that a firm will establish production facilities where foreign assets or resource endowments that are important to the firm are located.A.product life cycleB.strategic behavior theoryC.multipoint competition theoryD.eclectic pa