届中考英语二轮复习非谓语动词练习.docx

1、届中考英语二轮复习非谓语动词练习专题十一 非谓语动词教学目标1. 掌握动词不定式、动名词、分词的基本用法；2. 准确完成动词不定式、动名词、分词的相关练习。非谓语动词专题考情分析非谓语动词是指在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式，在句子中相当于名词、形容词或副词。非谓语在句中不受主语人称和数的限制。不定式、动名词、分词都是非谓语动词。近年来中考关于非谓语动词的考查重点有：动名词作主语和宾语；分词作定语；动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语；不定式符号to的省略以及及物动词后接动词不定式和接动名词的意义差异等。自我测试1. Why dont we encourage our child

2、ren _ off the video games and pick up a book?A. turn B. turning C. to turn D. to turning2. Andy made a big bamboo box the little sick bird until it could fly again.A. keep B. kept C. keeps D. to keep3. The heavy rain made the headmaster_ the school sports meeting.A. to cancel B. cancel C. canceling

3、D. canceled4. Rio de Janeiro still has a lot of things _ to prepare for the 2016 Olympics. A. do B. did C. to do D. does5. Its important English well. A. of you to learn B. of you learn C. for you to learn D. for you learning6. Its kind _ you _ so much for us.A. of, to think B. for, to think C. of,

4、thinking7. It takes me half an hour _ the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play8. I prefer _ outside for a trip rather than _at home this May Day holiday.A. to go, staying B. going, to stay C. to go, stay D. going, staying9. We have two rooms _, but I cant decide _. A. to live; to choose wh

5、ich one B. to live; choose which oneC. to live in; which one to choose D. to live in; choose which one10. He is often seen others in need.A. help B. to help C. helps D. helping11. The mothers advice fell _deaf ears again. Its no use _ to her.A. on; talking B. with; to talk C. to; talk12. Dad, why mu

6、st I stop _ computer games?For your health, my boy.A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing13. Thomas story about _ a bear attack was really exciting.A. survive B. surviving C. to survive D. to surviving14. Mary is a little poor at English . I think she needs _ it every day. A. practice to speak

7、B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking15. The students and their teacher _ eagerly looking forward to _Spring Festival. A. is; come B. are; coming C. are; the coming16. Ling Feng makes the baby .A. stops crying B. stop to cry C. to stop crying D. stop crying17. Recently I have read some books

8、by Verne, a famous science fiction writer.A. were written B. written C. wrote D. write18. I think the short stories _ by Dickens are very popular _ the children.A. are written; for B. are written; among C. written; among D. written; between参考答案：15 CDBCC 610 ACCCB 1115 ADBBB 1618 DBC教学建议：1. 如果学生自我测试中

9、的1-10小题有错误，建议先带领学生回顾考点1关于动词不定式的考点复习部分，并完成基础演练中写出单词正确复数形式和短语翻译的练习。2. 如果学生自我测试中的11-16小题有错误，建议先带领学生回顾考点2关于动名词的复习部分。3. 如果学生自我测试中的17-18小题有错误，建议先带领学生回顾考点3关于分词的复习部分。4.通过自我测试部分的测验，可以简单了解学生对于非谓语动词的整体掌握情况，根据自己所带学生的学习程度，非谓语动词考点的复习可以有所删减或选择性的讲解。知识梳理非谓语动词动词不定式形式肯定：to do否定：not to do句法功能主、宾、表、宾补、定、状等动名词形式doing句法功能

10、主、宾、表、定等分词现在分词形式doing句法功能定、表、状、宾等过去分词形式done句法功能定、表、宾补等考点归纳：1. 不定式的句型：its +adj.+for/of sb. to do sth.；2. 一些动词后跟不定式与动名词的区别；3. 不定式的肯定和否定形式；4. 使役动词后接不带to的不定式的用法；5. 动名词作主语、宾语、定语的用法；6. have sb. do sth和have sth done的区别：考点归纳【考点1】动词不定式1. 动词不定式的形式肯定式to doTell the children to eat healthy food.否定式not to doTell

11、the children not to eat unhealthy food.【注】动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，在句中不能用作谓语，其形式不随主语的人称、数和时态而变化。动词不定式可以有自己的宾语和逻辑主语等。I want to buy a computer.Its important for us to learn English.2. 动词不定式的句法功能成分用法例句主语1) 位于句首，谓语动词用第三人称单数To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.2) 常用it作形式主语，把不定式放在后面常见句型: Its+ adj. + of/f

12、or + sb. + to do sth.形容词是描述人的性格和品质方面时，用of;形容词用于描述不定式动作时，用forIt is a / ones + n. (task / duty / job) + to do sth.It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.Its extremely kind of you to come and meet me.Its dangerous for you to drive so fast.Its my duty to save patients表语多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换为作主语Her

13、 job is to clean the hall.=To clean the hall is her job.宾语1) 作某些动词的宾语，如want, refuse, forget, afford, try, choose, agree, help, hope, decide等Tom cant afford to buy a car at present.2) 在find, think后作宾语时，常用it代替，作宾语的动词不定式后移I find it easy to read English every day.宾补1) tell, ask, allow, would like, encou

14、rage, advise, remind等后跟动词不定式作宾补She asked me not to speak Chinese in an English class.2) 一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel),二听(hear, listen),三让(let, make, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice),但被动要还原toI saw him cross the road.My friend were made to work the whole night by the boss.定语1) 不定式

15、作定语一般放在被修饰词的后面On the farm everyone has lots of work to do2) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的词是动宾关系，如果动词为不及物动词，后面须加上相应的介词There is nothing to worry about.I want a pen to write with.He is looking for a room to live in.3) 不定式修饰不定代词something, anything等时，放在它们的后面，如果不定代词也被形容词修饰，词序是“不定代词+形容词+不定式”I had something cold to drink.

16、状语表目的He worked day and night to earn money.表结果The policemen searched the house only to find nothing.表原因They were very sad to hear the news.独立成分这种不定式独立与句子之外，表示说话者的态度、语气等,如to be honest, to begin with等To tell you the truth, we dont want to include you.例题1：My parents often tell me too much junk food bec

17、ause its bad for my health. A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat例题2：He hurried back home _ his schoolbag. A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches例题3：Jacks teacher asked him _ off the lights after class. A. turning B. turned C. to turn 例题4： Why do we eat vegetables every day, Mum? _

18、healthy, my dear.A. To keep B. Keep C. Keeping D. Kept例题5：When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place_.A. to live B. living in C. to live in 例题6：Even Tonys granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked him _ smoking.A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up例题7： It is

19、important _ people _ good manners.A. for; to learn B. of; to learn C. for; learn D. of; learn例题8：Let me help you carry the box, Granny.Thank you, Li Lei. Its very nice _ you _ me.A. of; to help B. for; to help C. of; helping D. for; helping例题9：Its our duty _ our city clean and beautiful.Yes. We shou

20、ld do something for it.A. to keep B. keep C. keeping例题10： At times, parents find it difficult _ with their teenage children. A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk参考答案：BBCAC CAAAD3. 动词不定式的常见搭配1) 疑问词+不定式可以作主、宾、表等，相当于名词性从句，因此常用这个结构把复合句改为简单句Where to go is still a question.The problem is where to find

21、him.I dont know what to do next.= I dont know what I should do next.2) too +adj.+ to do太而不能He is too young to go to school.3) adj./ adv. +enough to do足够做He is not enough to go to school.例题1：Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A. to go B. going C. go D. went例题2： I will go to Harbin for my

22、summer vacation. What about you? I havent decided where _. A. go B. went C. going D. to go参考答案：AD4. 动词不定式符号to的省略1) 在“一感(feel),二听(hear, listen),三让(let, make, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice), 半帮助(help)”后作宾补的动词不定式可以省略to，但在被动语态中，必须带to。I saw him go into the room just now.= He was seen to go into th

23、e room just now.The boss made my friend work the whole night.=My friend were made to work the whole night by the boss.2) would rather(not) do than do ; had better(not) doWe had better take some warm clothes.3) why not do; cant but doWhy not have a rest? I cant but walk to school.4) 当两个或多个动词不定式并列时，第一

24、个动词不定式加to，后面的动词不定式省略toI want to visit him and ask for some help.例题1：You look too tired. Why not _a rest?A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having 例题2： Lets play football on the playground. Its too hot outside. I would rather _ at home than _ out.A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go

25、 D. stay; go例题3： What a heavy rain! So it is. I prefer_ rather than_ on such a rainy day.A. to go out; stay at home B. to stay at home; go outC. going out; stay at home D. staying at home ; go out例题4：The boy is often heard_ in the music room. He sings very well.A. practice singing B. to practice sin

26、ging C. practiced singing 例题5： What happens when you hear a strange noise at night, or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom? It often makes us _.A. jump B. to jump C. jumping D. jumped例题6： If you see the cartoon film, you will _ laugh.A. be made B. be made to C. made to D. make参考答案：ADBBA

27、B【考点2】动名词 1. 动名词的形式肯定式doingSleeping is good for our health.否定式not doingIm sorry for not having informed you of the meeting.2. 动名词的句法功能成分用法例句主语1) 动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数Reading aloud is very helpful.2) 有时可用it作形式主语，动名词后移Its useless arguing with him.表语多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语His job is teaching English.=Teaching Eng

28、lish is his job.宾语1)作介词或由介词构成的动词短语的宾语，如be interested in; be used to; feel like; think of等We are thinking of making a new plan.2)作某些动词的宾语，如enjoy, practice, finish, mind, miss, suggest, imagine, consider等They havent finished building the dam.定语表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于修饰语之前swimming pool 游泳池; reading room阅览

29、室; walking stick手杖, , working people劳动人民等【注】有些动词后面接动名词和接不定式作宾语是有差别的：forget to do sth.忘记要做某事，forget doing sth.忘记做过某事;mean to do sth.打算做某事，mean doing sth.意味着做某事;regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事，regret doing sth.后悔做过某事;stop to do sth.停下来做另外一件事，stop doing sth.停止做某事;try to do sth.尽力做某事，try doing sth.试着做某事;need to do 需要做某事(主语为人)，need doing=need to be done需要被做(主语为物)。例题1：I hope everyone can care about _ the environment and stop _ things. A. protecting; wasting B. protecting; to waste C. protect; wasting D. protect