职称英语考试《综合类》章节练习题精选及答案0516105.docx

1、职称英语考试综合类章节练习题精选及答案0516105职称英语考试综合类章节练习题精选及答案0516-1051、G8 SummitLeaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (G8) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and Brazil have also been invited. Heres what the G8 leaders want from the

2、meeting.British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the worlds poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farmers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has not got the app

3、roval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放).US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he says he doesnt like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will inc

4、rease corruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol(京都议定书). Although the US is the worlds biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient

5、scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem.French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal.German Chancellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blairs Africa proposals. Schroders of

6、ficials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africas problems asold thinking. Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove theyve solved the corruption problem.Russian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa. But he

7、has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet Republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldova.Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumis priorities are a seat on the UN Security C

8、ouncil, for which he will be lobbying (游说) at the summit. And hes concerned about the Democratic Peoples Republic of Koreas nuclear weapons programme.Bush agrees to increase aid to Africa.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B答案解析:根据主语Bush可以确定答案出自第三段。第三段第二句：But he says he doesnt like the idea of i

9、ncreasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption. （布什不愿意增加对非洲的援助，因为这会加深腐败。）而题干意思是布什愿意增加对非洲的援助，故答案为B。2、DyslexiaAs many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia.Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not disease. They say

10、that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists, Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was

11、 also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 year ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people

12、, the left side of the brain, the part that controls language is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males that in females, and it is

13、 found more often in persons who are left-handed. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a babys body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia. Dyslexic persons think differently and need

14、special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.One out of five American children suffers from dyslexia.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A答案解析:题目中的关键词是one out of five和American children. 根据顺

15、序出题的特点，我们很快在原文第1段中找到答案，其中one out of是20%的同义改写，American children是all children in the United States的同义改写，因此该题的答案为A。3、African wild dogFinding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience. For the African wild dog, one of the continents most endangered carnivores （食肉动物), its a

16、matter of life and death. A new research shows that once packs (兽群) fall below a certain size, they are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century. Habitual loss (栖息地的丧失), persecution and unexplained

17、outbreaks of disease have all been blamed. Only 3, 000 to5,000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena (鬣狗) face similar pressures, yet are not declining. Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge Univer

18、sity has found a reason why. The dogs weakness lies in its social organization.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed. The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups cant keep u

19、p on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators (捕猎者), which include lions and hyenas. But leaving a babysitter also carries costs. A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill. There is also one less stomach in which to carry food ba

20、ck to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off (权衡) by modeling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size. This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitte

21、r. But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model. Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded mo

22、re frequently than larger packs did. There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle (恶性循环), says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University. Poor reproduction and low su

23、rvival further reduces pack size, culminating in (最终造成) failure of the whole pack. And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduce pack numbers to below the sustamable threshold. Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at Londons Institute of Zoology agrees. Maintaining the integrity

24、of wild dog packs will be vitalin preserving the species, he says.The remaining lions will die out within decades.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:C答案解析:文章第5段提到了“狮子”，但没有说狮子也是濒于灭绝的一种大型食肉动物，尽管事实确是如此。4、Travel Across AfricaFor six hours we shot through the barren (荒芜的) landscape of the Karoo deser

25、t in South Africa. Just rocks and sand and baking sun. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth, a beautiful leather notebook Id bought in a market in

26、Mozambique.Southern Africa was full of stories and visions. We were almost drunk on sensations. The roaring (咆哮) of the water at Victoria Falls, the impossible silence of the Okavango Delta in Botswana.And then the other things, dogs in the streets, whole families in Soweto livng in one room, a kilo

27、metre from clean water.As we drove towards the setting sun, a quietness fell over us. The road was empty and we hadnt seen another car for hours. And as I drove, something caught my eye. Something moved close enough to touch them, to smell their hot breath. I didnt know how long they had been there

28、next to us.I shouted to Dan: Look! But he was in a deep sleep, his camera lying useless by his feet. They raced the car for a few seconds, then disappeared far behind us, a memory of heroic forms in the red landscape. When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.Wild horses? he sai

29、d. Why didnt you wake me up, Sophia?I tried, but they were gone after a few seconds.Are you sure you didnt dream it?You were the one who was sleeping!Typical, he said, The best photos are the ones we never take.We checked into a dusty hotel and slept the sleep of the dead.Sophia wrote about her expe

30、riences in notebooks.【单选题】A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A答案解析:本题难度不大，比较容易找到答案。答案依据是文章第一段后半部分：I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camerA.I used words. I had already finished three notebooks and was into the fourth5、Fighting for a Brighter Future for WomenWhen I was asked

31、 what it means to be a woman running for president, I always gave the same answer that I was proud to be running as a woman, but I was running because thought Id be the best president.But I am a woman and, like millions of women, I know there are still barriers and biases (偏见) out there, often uncon

32、scious, and I want to build an America that respects and embraces the potential of every last one of us.I ran as a daughter who benefited from opportunities my mother never dreamed of. I ran as a mother who worried about my daughters future and a mother who wants to leave all children brighter tomorrows.To build that future I see, we must make sure that women and men understand the struggles of their grandmothers and their mothers, and that women enjoy equal opportunities, equal pay, and equal respect.L