高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 89.docx

1、高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 89高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 89Passage 1An environmental group called the Food Commission is unhappy and disappointed because of the sale of bottled water from Japan. The water, it angrily argues in public, has traveled 10,000 “food miles” before it reaches Western customers. “Transporting wate

2、r halfway across the world is surely the extremely stupid use of fuel when there is plenty of water in the UK.” It is also worried that we are wasting our fuel by buying prawns （对虾） from Indonesia （7,000 food miles） and carrots from South Africa （5,900 food miles）. Counting the number of miles trave

3、led by a product is a strange way of trying to tell the true situation of the environmental damage done by an industry. Most food is transported around the world on container ships that are extremely energy-efficient （高能效的）. It should be noted that a ton of butter transported 25 miles in a truck to

4、a farmers market does not necessarily use less fuel on its journey than a similar product transported hundreds of miles by sea. Besides, the idea of “food miles” ignores the amount of fuel used in the production. It is possible to cut down your food miles by buying tomatoes grown in Britain rather t

5、han those grown in Ghana; the difference is that the British ones will have been raised in heated greenhouses and the Ghanaian ones in the open sun. What the idea of “food miles” does provide, however, is the chance to cut out Third World countries from First World food markets. The number of miles

6、traveled by our food should, as I see it, be regarded as a sign of the success of the global （全球的） trade system, not a sign of damage to the environment. 1. The Food Commission is angry because it thinks that _. A. UK wastes a lot of money importing food products B. some imported goods cause environ

7、mental damage C. growing certain vegetables damages the environment D. people waste energy buying food from other countries 2. The phrase “food miles” in the passage refers to the distance _. A. that a food product travels to a market B. that a food product travels from one market to another C. betw

8、een UK and other food producing countries D. between a Third World country and a First World food market 3. By comparing tomatoes raised in Britain and in Ghana, the author tries to explain that _. A. British tomatoes are healthier than Ghanaian ones B. Ghanaian tomatoes taste better than British on

9、es C. cutting down food miles may not necessarily save fuel D. protecting the environment may cost a lot of money 4. From the passage we know that the author is most probably _. A. a supporter of free global trade B. a member of the Food Commission C. a supporter of First World food marketsD. a memb

10、er of an energy development groupPassage 2You are a new manager at the American branch of your German firm in Chicago. With a few minutes to spare between meetings, you go to get a quick cup of coffee.Hey, David, how are you? one of the senior partners at the firm asks you.Good, thank you, Dr. Greer

11、, you reply. Youve really been wanting to make a connection with the senior leadership at the firm, and this seems like a great opportunity. But as you start to think of something to say, your American colleague breaks in to steal your spotlight.So Arnold, your colleague says to your boss, in such a

12、 casual manner that it makes your German soul cringe(畏缩), So whats your Super bowl prediction? I mean, youre a Niners fan, right?The conversation moves on, and you walk silently back to your desk with your coffee. You know how important small talk is in the U.S., and you feel jealous of people who c

13、an do it well.Theres nothing small about the role that small talk plays in American professional culture. People from other countries are often surprised at how important small talk is in the U.S. and how naturally and comfortably people seem to do itwith peers, men, women, and even with superiors.

14、You can be the most technically skilled worker in the world, but your ability to progress in your job in the United States is highly dependent on your ability to build and maintain positive relationships with people at work. And guess what skill is critical for building and maintaining these relatio

15、nships? Small talk.What can you do if you are from another culture and want to learn to use small talk in the U.S. to build relationships and establish trust? Work hard to hone(磨练) your own version of Americanstyle small talk. Watch how others do it. You dont have to imitate what they do; in fact, t

16、hat would likely backfire because people would see you as inauthentic. But if you can develop your own personal version, that can go a long way toward making you feel comfortable and competent.1. The author introduces the topic of the passage by_ .A. offering a plotB. describing an interesting scene

17、C. making comparisonsD. telling a small joke2. What do we know about German people?_A. They dont make so much small talk.B. They hate making small talk.C. They usually make small talk in work breaks.D. They are good at making small talk too.3. What makes people from other countries surprised in Amer

18、ican professional culture?_A. American workers ability to make progress.B. American workers attitude towards superiors.C. The special meaning of small talk.D. The role small talk plays in work settings.4. What does backfire underlined in the last paragraph mean?_A. have a warm atmosphereB. have the

19、opposite effectC. have a good resultD. have a hard timePassage 3Computer security is a contradiction in terms. The arrival of the “Internet of Things” will see computers baked into everything from road signs and MRI scanners to artificial body parts and insulin（胰岛素）pumps. There is little evidence th

20、at such equipment will be any more trustworthy than desktop computers. Hackers have already proved that they can take remote control of connected cars and pacemakers. However, it is tempting to believe that the security problem can be solved with yet more technical wizardry（魔法）and a call for further

21、 watchfulness. And it is certainly true that many firms still fail to take security seriously enough. That requires a kind of lasting insistence which does not come naturally to non-tech firms. Actually, there is no way to make computers completely safe. Software is hugely complex. Across its produc

22、ts, Google must manage around 2 billion lines of source codeerrors are unavoidable. The average program has 14 separate bugs, each of them a potential point of illegal entry. Such weaknesses are worsened by the history of the Internet, in which security was an afterthought. This is not necessarily i

23、n despair. The risk from cheats, car accidents and the weather can never be avoided completely either. But societies have developed ways of managing such riskfrom government regulation to the use of legal liability（责任）and insurance to create more safer behaviours. Start with regulation. Governments

24、first priority is to control from making the situation worse. Terrorist attacks often bring calls for codes to be weakened so that the security services can better monitor what individuals are up to. But it is impossible to weaken codes for terrorists alone. The same protection that guards messaging

25、 programs like WhatsApp also guards bank business and online identities. Computer security is best served by encoding that is strong for everyone. The next priority is setting basic product regulations. A lack of professional knowledge will always block the ability of computer users to protect thems

26、elves. So governments should promote“public health”for computing. They could insist that internet-connected contents be updated with fixes when faults are found. They could force users to change default（默认）usernames and passwords. Reporting laws, already in force in some American states, can require

27、 companies to report when they or their products are hacked, which encourages them to fix a problem instead of burying it. Most important, the software industry has for decades disclaimed liability for the harm when its products go wrong. Such an approach has its benefits. Silicon Valleys fruitful“g

28、o fast and break things”style of innovation is possible only if firms relatively have freedom to put out new products while they still need perfecting. But this point will soon be illegal. As computers spread to products covered by established liability arrangements, such as cars or domestic goods,

29、the industrys disclaimers will increasingly be against existing laws. Firms should recognize that, if the courts do not force the liability issue, public opinion will. Fortunately, the small but growing market in cyber-security insurance offers a way to protect consumers while preserving the computi

30、ng industrys ability to innovate. A firm whose products do not work properly, or are repeatedly hacked, will find its insurance rising, urging it to solve the problem. A firm that takes reasonable steps to make things safe, but which is damaged nevertheless, will ask for an insurance payout that wil

31、l stop it from going bankrupt（破产）. It is here that some problems could perhaps be negotiated. Once again, there are examples：when countless claims against American light-aircraft firms threatened to bankrupt the industry in the 1980s, the government changed the law, limiting their liability for old

32、products. One reason computer security is so bad today is that few people were taking it seriously yesterday. When the Internet was new, that was forgivable. Now that the consequences are known, and the risks posed by bugs and hacking are large and growing, there is no excuse for repeating the mistake. But changing attitudes and behavior will require economic tools, not just technical ones. 1. The first paragraph mainly tells us _ . A. computers are used mor