新高考英语一轮复习专题突破第Ⅱ题专题三推理判断类.docx

1、新高考英语一轮复习专题突破第题专题三推理判断类专题三推理判断类题目命题特点根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。常用的词有infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。考查重点表层意思的理解与推理；深层含义的领悟与推理；同时涉及数据推断，知识推断，逻辑结论推断，表明作者态度、观点的推断等。方法技巧抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推断；整合全文(段)信息进行推断；根据上下文逻辑关系进行推理得出结论。Passage 1On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty dec

2、ided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.“Hey, arent you from Mississippi？”the elegant，whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“Im from Mississippi too.”Wi

3、thout a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，”Welty said.“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the t

4、ime the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.“My friends said：Now we believe y

5、our stories，”Welty added.“And I said：Now you know. These are the people that make me write them. ”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.“I dont make them up，”she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years

6、.“I dont have to.”Beauticians, bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now g

7、iven out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.1What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?ATwo strangers joined her.BHer childhood friends came in.CA heavy rain ruined the dinner.DSome people held a party there.【语篇解

8、读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Eudora Welty在纽约请朋友吃饭时发生的有趣的故事。解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“.another customer was approaching their table.”和第三段中的“When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.”可知两个陌生人加入了她们。故选A。答案：A2The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys_Areaders B. partiesCfriends D. stories

9、解析：词义猜测题。根据上一句“My friends said：Now we believe your stories，”Welty added.和本句中的动词write.可知，them代替的是stories。故选D。答案：D3What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction?AThey live in big cities.BThey are mostly women.CThey come from real life.DThey are pleasure seekers.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I dont mak

10、e them up，”she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I dont have to.”推知，Welty小说中的人物都来自现实生活。故选C。答案：CPassage 2Scientists have launched a project aimed at solving the mystery of the giant redwood tree：What allows it to grow so tall and live so long？Scientists have begun takin

11、g cuttings that they hope can be used to make genetic clones of the ancient trees.Members from Bartlett Tree Experts recently climbed almost 300 feet up three redwood trees in Roys Redwoods Open Space Preserve in Marin County，Calif.，to collect samples of new growth as part of an effort to clone some

12、 of the oldest and biggest redwood trees in the western USA.The project will take genetic material from the trees to create a “living library”so researchers can study what allows these trees to become the tallest and largest living things on Earth，says David Milarch of the Champion Tree Project，whic

13、h is working with Bartlett and the Tree Research and Education Endowment Fund on the project.Milarch hopes to plant the clones near universities. Because the young trees will be identical to the trees from which they were cloned，scientists can study their genetics without having to make the climb up

14、 the older trees to gather samples，which is expensive and difficult.Although this has never been done before with redwoods，it is standard practice when scientists are trying to find “better versions” of plants or animals，says Bill Libby，a retired professor of forestry at the University of California

15、-Berkeley，who has spoken with Milarch about the plans.The team will gather samples from the next set of trees in about two months，says David McMaster of Bartlett Tree Experts.This time，the climbers will be going up trees that are more than 300 feet tall and will have to use a crossbow to reach the l

16、owest branch, which is 200 feet high.1What is the passage mainly concerned?AAncient trees to be cloned for “living library”BTree Research Project to be carried out in Marin.CThree redwood trees to be climbed in California.DA “living library” to be built in western USA.【语篇解读】本文向我们讲述了科学家为揭开giant redwo

17、od tree的生长秘密，进行了一系列的科学研究。解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出，文章向我们介绍了对红杉树进行的研究：搜集样本、然后创建一个“living library”，然后进行克隆，接下来研究该物种成为世界上最大、最高物种的原因。所以A项最能概括全文。D项只是研究的一种形式，有一定的干扰性。答案：A2Scientists from Bartlett Tree Experts climbed redwood trees to_Acollect the fruits from above 300 feetBhave a tree-climbing race among scientist

18、sCcollect information for local librariesDcollect samples of new growth of the ancientredwoods解析：细节理解题。由第二段可知，科学家爬上redwood trees的目的是“to collect samples of new growth.”。答案：D3Milarch hopes to plant the clones near universities most probably because_Auniversities need them to beautify the campusBit is

19、convenient for the researchers to studyCit is easier for young students to climbDit cost them less than in other places解析：细节理解题。由第四段可以看出，科学家想把克隆出的红杉树种在大学附近的原因就在于：这样就可以直接对他们进行研究了，不用再费钱、费力地爬那些古树去采集标本了，这就为研究带来了很大的方便。答案：B4The underlined word “identical” in the fourth paragraph probably means “_”Adiffere

20、nt BstrangeCsame Dequal解析：词义猜测题。下文告诉我们：科学家把克隆出的红杉树用作研究的标本，这说明克隆出来的树和原来的树在基因方面是一样的。所以该词和same同义。答案：C5We can infer from the passage that_Aredwood trees can grow very fast and very tallBit cost a lot of money to climb up the ancient treesCscientists clone the redwood trees to produce more woodDcloning c

21、ould probably create better versions of plants or animals解析：推理判断题。前文告诉我们对研究红杉树采用的克隆的方法，倒数第二段又告诉我们这种方法能够创造出更好的品种“better versions”。由此可以判断D项正确。答案：DPassage 3Finding your first job after leaving school, college or university is probably the hardest job hunting exercise youll ever face.However，there are s

22、ome simple methods that can give you advantages over other first time job seekers.First time job seekers have the hardest time in finding their first job.In the case of graduates，many universities will have dedicated placement personnel who will assist students in finding their first job.Specialist

23、tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals in the commercial world who might occasionally take on recent graduates，so never underestimate the help that you can get from this area.Its always worth asking your fellow students where they spent any job placement years and you can see if its

24、 worth approaching any of those companies.People generally like to help others，so dont be afraid to ask for any assistance that you can get freely like this.Similarly，if school and college leavers have an interest in a particular subject，they should talk to their teacher or lecturer in that subject

25、and discuss career options.It could be that they could point you in the right direction by at least identifying companies that could use your particular skills.The problem that many younger people have is that they simply dont know what they want to do once they have finished their education. Theref

26、ore，its important for anyone leaving education to understand their own strengths and to determine what their particular skills are.The student job seekers should put a CV(履历)together based on what theyd like the employer to consider.Highlight your education，but instead of focusing on the actual qual

27、ifications and talk about the amount of learning that was involved.If you have completed any kind of work during your student work，be certain to mention it and what you gained from it.Although a CV isnt the only factor in helping you find your first job，its still a potential dooropener，so you should

28、 make it a document that is a compelling sales tool for you.1From the passage we learn that_Agraduates often underestimate the help from specialist tutorsBit is definite that first time job seekers will fail several timesCa first time job seeker neednt emphasize his education while looking for jobsD

29、it is important for first time job seekers to learn some simple methods【语篇解读】本文作者给正在找第一份工作的年轻人提供了一些有益的建议。解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“.there are some simple methods that can give you advantages.”可知，答案为D。答案：D2While looking for their first job, graduates are advised to refer to_Aspecialist tutors and their parentsB

30、managers of different companiesCspecialist tutors and their fellow studentsDplacement personnel and employers解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Specialist tutors are also likely to have a network of individuals.”和“Its always worth asking your fellow students.”可知，答案为C。答案：C3Why is it important for school and college leav

31、ers to determine their particular skills?ABecause it can help them find a job suitable for them.BBecause their teachers will ask them to talk about the skills.CBecause their lecturers will give them a lecture about the skills.DBecause most of them dont know about their particular skills.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“.they could point you in the right direction.”和第四段“The problem.that they simply dont know what they want to do.”可知，答案为A。答案：A4What do we know about a CV of first time job seekers?AA CV should focus on actual qualifications.BThe amount of learning neednt be mentioned in a CV.CI