高考复读班.docx

1、高考复读班高考英语内容解析高考英语内容分为听力、基础知识运用、阅读理解、可控制性写作。而基础知识运用就是对高中英语所涉及到的语法的全面考查。英语语法共分为两大部分：词法和句法（一）词法英语共有十大词类,它们的定义和例词见下表词类定义考察点名 词表示人或事物的名称的词词义辨析、物质名称和抽象名词的具体化、可数与不可数、名词所有格冠 词冠词于名词前,说明名次含义的词冠词的基本用法、冠词的位置、固定搭配代 词代替名词或名词所有格的词简单/复合不定代词、替代词用法、全部肯定/否定和部分否定、it用法、习惯搭配数 词表示数目或顺序的词分数/百分数/倍数表达法、dozen/score/hundred/th

2、ousand用法动 词表示动作或状态的词连系动词用法、高频动词辨析形容词表示人物或事物的性质、特征的词可修饰原级/比较级/最高级的副词、无比较级/最高级形式的词、本身具比较级/最高级意义的词副 词表示动作、状态的特征或某种性质的程度的词可修饰原级/比较级/最高级的副词连 词连接词与词、词组与词组、句子与句子的词并列连词和从属连词（注意逗号）介 词用于名词或代词之前，表示该词与其它词的关系的词注意固定搭配感叹词表示说话时的情感的词oh, ah, well, why（二）句法句法包括句子成份（主语、谓语、宾语等），句子类别（按功能分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句；按结构分为两类：简单句和复

3、合句。（复合句包括：定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句。）主要内容见下表：句法内容考察点时态语态八大时态的基本用法及特殊用法、主动形式表被动意义动词短语动介短语和动副短语的区别情态动词情态动词基本用法、情态动词表“推测”用法、情态动词在一般疑问句中问与答、虚拟语气虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用、虚拟语气在定语从句/状语从句/名词性从句的应用省略与倒装to的省略、to代表整个不定式的省略、交际用语中的省略现象、to的保留、助动词的保留、部分倒装和完全倒装主谓一致主谓一致的三原则：语法一致，意义一致（就远一致），就近一致独立成分独立主格结构非谓语动词非谓语动词的句法功能、v-ing和不定式做状语/宾语

4、及宾补的用法比较v-ing 和v-ed及不定式做定语的用法比较复合句定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句交际用语购物，看病；打电话，就餐；致谢，道歉；祝贺，祝愿；同意，不同意；提供，接受或拒绝时的常用语高考英语书面表达高分策略：从遣词，造句，谋篇三个方面分析。遣词的原则：使用高等级词汇及短语, 如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中，有意识的强化“复杂，高级”这两个概念，使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文，使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上，充分显示自己的实力。平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描

5、述人物的词汇为例：表达人物爱憎感情： like, love, be interested in, be fond of hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened 介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价： He became famous for his new theory. The people had come to love him as an inspi

6、ring leader. We regard Li Fei as our model. Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit. People spoke highly of him and all respected him. 常见描述人物性格，外貌和身体状况等的词语 good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /ligh

7、t-hearted /kind-hearted /absent-minded /tall /short /beautiful /pretty /lovely /naughty/ be blind /lame in /be in good or poor condition/ healthy/ fine/ well /strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /

8、hard working, etc.造句的原则：句式多变，语法活用，句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位，所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动，形象，准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达，必须从写好句子开始。英语基本句型（一）主语+谓语 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S V （不及物动词） 1. The sun was shining. 2. The moon rose. 3. The universe remains. 4. We all breathe, eat, an

9、d drink. 5. Who cares? 6. What he said does not matter. 7. They talked for half an hour. 8. The pen writes smoothly 1. 太阳在照耀着。 2. 月亮升起了。 3. 宇宙长存。 4. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. 管它呢？ 6. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. 这支笔书写流利。The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west. We get up early every morning. The meeti

10、ng lasted 2 hours. This kind of wine drinks well and sells well. The suit wears well. Glass breaks easily. （二）主语+系动词+形容词. 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它

11、系动词仍保持其部分词义。 S V（是系动词） P 1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. Everything looks different. 5. He is growing tall and strong. 6. The troubleis that they are short of money. 7. Our well has gone dry. 8. His face turned red. 1. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. 午餐的气味很好。

12、3. 他堕入了情网。 4. 一切看来都不同了。 5. 他长得又高又壮。 6. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. 我们的井干枯了。 8. 他的脸红了。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.Your explanation sounds reasonable. （三）主语+谓语+直接宾语 . 此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词

13、叫做及物动词。 S V（及物动词） O 1. Who knows the answer? 2. She smiled her thanks. 3. He has refused to help them. 4. He enjoys reading. 5. They ate what was left over. 6. He said Good morning. 7. I want to have a cup of tea. 8. He admits that he was mistaken. 1. 谁知道答案？ 2. 她微笑表示感谢。 3. 他拒绝帮他们的忙。 4. 他喜欢看书。 5. 他们吃

14、了剩饭。 6. 他说：“早上好！” 7. 我想喝杯茶。 8. 他承认犯了错误。I want your promise. Have your fixed my watch?This factory produces 1000 cars a week. （四）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语.此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。 通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。 S V（及物） o（多指人） O（多指物） 1. She ordered h

15、erself a new dress. 2. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 3. He brought you a dictionary. 4. He denies her nothing. 5. I showed him my pictures. 6. I gave my car a wash. 7. I told him that the bus was late. 8. He showed me how to run the machine. 1. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 2. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。 3. 他给你带来了一本字典。4.

16、 他对她什么都不拒绝。 5. 我给他看我的照片。 6. 我洗了我的汽车。 7. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 8. 他教我开机器。He paid me a visit yesterday. He owed me 50 yuan.He wrote his family a letter yesterday. （五）主语+谓语+宾语+宾补此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还 不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 S V（及物） O（宾语） C（宾补） 1. They appointed him manager. 名词2. They painted

17、 the door green. 形容词3. This set them thinking. 现在分词4. They found the house deserted. 过去分词5. What makes him think so? 6. We saw him out. 副词7. Heasked me to come back soon. 带to的不定式8 I often hear her sing the song. 1. 他们任命他当经理。 2. 他们把门漆成绿色。 3. 这使得他们要细想一想。 4. 他们发现那房子无人居住。 5. 他怎么会这样想？ 6. 我们送他出去。 7. 他要我早点

18、回来。 8. 我经常听她唱歌。I will get someone to repair the recorder for you. I didnt mean to hurt you. He invited me to teach at a well-known university. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do) .主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词. I heard her singing in the next room. We could feel our heats beating fast.Did you observe the birds flying around the trees

19、? 主语+谓语+宾语+过去分词.I must have my watch repaired.Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody. 主语+谓语+宾语(动名词) .I suggested putting off the meeting. They all avoided mentioning the matter. We cant help laughing at the news. 主语+谓语+宾语(不定式). I cant afford to buy such a large house. Dont pretend to

20、know what you dont. He feared to speak in her presence.主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语.Nothing can prevent us from going forward. Thank you for your help. He demanded an answer from me.但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的 成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而 加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是 各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定

21、式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五为例： We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。 We found the great hall full of students and teachers lis

22、tening to an important report made by a comrade from the Peoples Daily on current affairs in East Europe. 我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。高考英语热点动词 动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。一、连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的

23、意义可分为以下四种：1变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。2感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。3状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。4外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：The mixture is

24、 tasted terrible.（误）The mixture tastes terrible（正）Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.（误）Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.（正）Im feeling much better than ever before.It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall.【高考例题】(1) -Do you l

25、ike the material? -Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt辨析对于动词feel 、tear、write等一些动词，如果表示物体本身材料特征，用主动表被动。所以答案选C (2) Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed辨析：stay 是作系动词来用，表示事物状态。所以答案选B (3) Th

26、e pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating (4) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car. A. have B. get C. become D. turn(5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _ tw

27、enty-one already. A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change(7) 0n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _ pale. A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared(8) The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the b

28、eauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt(9) Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues(10) I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea.A. does B. feels C. gets D. ma

29、kesKey: CBCBB ACBBB）二、感官动词类 常考的感官动词有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。1后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it.When you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the Chinese football team win.2后接V-ing形式表正在进行的动作。Seeing the sun rising above the surfa