英语语法填空解题技巧.ppt

1、语法填空语法填空解题技巧解题技巧第二组第一座第二组第一座开始开始 .语法填空题语法填空题空格设计空格设计纯空格纯空格有有提提示示词词给出了动词的试题给出了动词的试题词类词义转换题词类词义转换题谓语动词，非谓语动词谓语动词，非谓语动词,词类转换词类转换名词，形容词，副词，名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级形容词或副词的比较级或最高级或最高级介词，连词，代词，冠词，介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等强调助动词等有提示词的语法填空有提示词的语法填空一、一、给出了动词的试题的解题技巧给出了动词的试题的解题技巧（一）（一）句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语

2、动句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致主语一致，且，且中间有中间有并列并列或或转折转折连词连词时，需填的词则是谓时，需填的词则是谓语动词语动词,就要考虑就要考虑时态时态和和语态语态，时态考虑要瞻，时态考虑要瞻前顾后，同时还要兼顾前顾后，同时还要兼顾主谓一致，虚拟语气主谓一致，虚拟语气。例例1.The first card _(design)by J.C.Horsley as a commercial endeavor（努力）（努力）.was designed 例例2.Nobody knows what _(happen)if she ha

3、d refused to pay.would have happened例例3.His fear of failure kept him from classroom games that other children _(play)with joyous abandon.played例例4.The international agreement,intended to encourage children not to smoke and _ (help)people kick the habit,_ (sign)on February 27 last summer.helpwas sign

4、ed（二）（二）：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用是非谓语动词就要确定用 doing形式，形式，done形式，还是形式，还是 to do 形式。非谓语的形形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间它与其逻辑主语之间 的关系。的关系。例例5.but it is not enough only _(memorize)rules from a grammar book.to memorize 例例6._(speak)out your inner feeling won

5、t make you feel ashamed,on the contrarySpeaking 技巧技巧1 1：作主语或宾语时，通常用作主语或宾语时，通常用doing/being done形式表示习惯或一般情况；形式表示习惯或一般情况；用用to do/to be done形式表示具体情况或将来；形式表示具体情况或将来；用用having done/having been done表示已表示已发生。发生。例例7._(complet)the project as planned,well have to work two more hours a day.To complete 例例9.Some p

6、eople say that oldest children,who are smart and strong-willed,are very likely _(success).to succeed 技巧技巧2：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用般用to do形式形式。例例8.The young student did all that he could _(pass)the examinations.to pass例例10.He saw the stone,_(say)to himself:“The night willl be very dark.”例例11

7、.The headmaster went into the lab,_(follow)by the foreign guests.saying 技巧技巧3 3：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。式。与句中主语句中主语是主动主动关系使用现在分词现在分词；与句句中主语中主语是被动被动关系使用过去分词过去分词。followed 例例12.At 9:07pm,Sept.25,The Shenzhou VII spacecraft was lifted by the long March-F car

8、rier rocket into space.The launch of the Shenzhou VII is Chinas third manned space venture since October 23,when it joined Russia and the United States as the only countries _(send)astronauts itno space.技巧技巧5 5：名词前有名词前有 first,second,last,only修饰时，后面要用修饰时，后面要用to do /to have done 做后做后置定语。置定语。to have se

9、nt the only例例13.Mr.Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _（repair）go wrong again.技巧技巧6 6：固定结构如：固定结构如：have sth.done,the way to do 等。等。repaired例例14.Can you tell me the way you thought of _ (work)out the problem.to work巩固练习Peter _(leave)for London on business upon my arrival,so

10、I didnt see him.I have to go to work by taxi because my car _(repair)at the garage.I went down there,_(pay)my penny and got a receipt.paidis being repairedhad left4.My pupils,_(include)Donnie,adored her.5.It remains _(see)whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.to be seenincluding（三）词类转

11、换题的解题技巧（三）词类转换题的解题技巧 例例1 The youngster immediately fell _(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例例2 In a _(danger)part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand,they learnt to例例3 Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _(interest)in the subject.silent技巧技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用

12、：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形容词形式。形式。dangerousinterested词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的句中的成分成分。例例4 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.例例5 instructors expect students to be familiar with _(inform)in the readin

13、g例例6 With the large numbers of students,the _(operate)of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.achievementsinformationoperation技巧技巧2 2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用用名词名词形式。形式。技巧技巧3：在形容词性物主代词后，：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在或者在“冠词冠词(+形容词形容词)”后，用后，用名词名词形式。形式。例例7 As I looked (close)at this girl

14、,I found that 例例8 There must be something _ (serious)wrong with our society.例例9Singles are flocking(涌向涌向)to the Internet (main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time closelymainlyseriously技巧技巧4：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用作状语，用副词副词形式。形式。例例10 People certainly have a variet

15、y of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is:no knowledge is _(use).例例11 Your mistake caused a lot of _(necessary)work in the office.uselessunnecessary技巧技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义具有与词根意义相反相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-，

16、il-,ir-，in-,non-,dis-等，等，在词根后加在词根后加-less等。等。技巧技巧6 6：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，的时态语态或非谓语动词，有可能考有可能考词类转换词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其查其比较级或最高级比较级或最高级。例例12there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist_(attract)例例13The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _ (hard)and finally made himself out.attractionharder词类转化题巩固练习1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said _(rude).2.One of the _(bad)gift choices I had ever made was for my high school En