45个介词的基本用法.ppt

1、 一、44个常见介词的基本用法介词短语=介词+名词基本介词 +单名词合成介词 +多名词双介词 +名词性从句1、about基本含义：a-b-out“A在B外面”1 1、在、在周围：周围：The kids are sitting The kids are sitting aboutabout their teacher.their teacher.I like the necklace I like the necklace about about her throat.her throat.2 2、环绕：、环绕：The bird always fliesThe bird always flies

2、 about about the forest.the forest.I plan to travel I plan to travel aboutabout the world.the world.3 3、关于：、关于：a book a book about about English studyEnglish studyThey are talking They are talking about about the new film.the new film.4 4、adv adv 大约大约固定搭配：固定搭配：1 1、How about.?How about.?2 2、something

3、+adj+about Xsomething+adj+about X一些关于一些关于X X的的adjadj的事的事2、above基本含义：a-b-over“A在B上方”引申含义：引申含义：1 1、在、在上方上方:The sun rose:The sun rose above above the horizon.the horizon.2 2、数目大于、数目大于/重量超过重量超过/价格（能力、地位）高于价格（能力、地位）高于There is nothing in the store There is nothing in the store above above 50 cents.50 cent

4、s.“He who comes after me is“He who comes after me is above above me,because he was before me”me,because he was before me”固定搭配：固定搭配：1 1、above all:above all:首先（强调重要性）首先（强调重要性）Above all,Above all,he was an outstanding mathematician.he was an outstanding mathematician.2 2、above all things:above all thin

5、gs:最最最最What you need,What you need,above all things,above all things,is confidence.is confidence.3 3、be above oneself:be above oneself:兴高采烈兴高采烈=high spirit=high spiritWhen he heard the good news,he When he heard the good news,he was above himself.was above himself.3、across基本含义：a-grass“A走过一片草坪 引申含义：引

6、申含义：1 1、穿过：、穿过：She walked She walked across across the road.the road.2 2、在、在.对面对面:The bar is just:The bar is just across across the street.the street.3 3、交叉：、交叉：He sat with his arms He sat with his arms across across his chest.his chest.The two lines pass The two lines pass across across each other

7、at right angles.each other at right angles.固定搭配：固定搭配：1 1、A come across B.AA come across B.A偶遇偶遇B B。I came across Yu Minhong the other day.I came across Yu Minhong the other day.2 2、A ger sth across to B.AA ger sth across to B.A使某物被使某物被B B了解。了解。I want to get my theory across to all students.I want to

8、 get my theory across to all students.4、after基本含义：“A在B之后”（强调顺序）1 1、在、在之后之后 （时间顺序、空间顺序）（时间顺序、空间顺序）After After dinner,they went out for a walk.dinner,they went out for a walk.I should I should after after him,but he still went on.him,but he still went on.2 2、照着、照着的样子的样子Read the sentence Read the sente

9、nce after after me,please.me,please.The building is named The building is named after after the famous hero.the famous hero.固定搭配：固定搭配：1 1、be afterbe after寻找寻找/go after/go after 追逐追逐/run after/run after 追求追求You should run after your own dream.You should run after your own dream.2 2、after allafter all

10、不管怎样不管怎样 （即：在任何事情之后都一样）（即：在任何事情之后都一样）After all,he is your father.After all,he is your father.3 3、look afterlook after照顾照顾5、against基本含义：a-g-e“相对”1 1、碰着、靠着：、碰着、靠着：She was leaning She was leaning against against a tree.a tree.2 2、反对：、反对：We should fight We should fight against against crimes.crimes.3 3、

11、预防：、预防：Save money Save money against against a rainy day.a rainy day.未雨绸缪未雨绸缪固定搭配：固定搭配：1 1、go against go against 违反（故意违反某人的意志）违反（故意违反某人的意志）He chose to go He chose to go against against his family.his family.2 2、be againstbe against（1 1）违反（违反法律、制度）违反（违反法律、制度）It is It is against against the law to hun

12、t tigers.the law to hunt tigers.(2)(2)反对反对 Lincoln was strongly Lincoln was strongly against against slavery.slavery.（3 3）不利于）不利于 What he said is What he said is against against him.him.6、around基本含义：a-round”A在一个圆里面”（在一定范围内）1 1、在、在周围周围:There are many bars:There are many bars around around the towm.th

13、e towm.2 2、在附近、到处：、在附近、到处：I showed him I showed him around around our campus.our campus.3 3、【、【advadv】大约：】大约：There are There are around around 1000 people watching the game.1000 people watching the game.7、at基本含义:“朝向一点”1 1、小地点、小地点,或小时间点或小时间点Usually,he is Usually,he is at at his office in the morning.

14、his office in the morning.I arrived I arrived at at home at 7:00.home at 7:00.Knock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive atKnock at;look at;aim at;shoot at;arrive at2 2、表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因、表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因He showed no sign of pleasure He showed no sign of pleasure at at seeing her.seeing her.Be surprised/exci

15、ted atBe surprised/excited at8、before基本含义：“在之前“（时间、空间、顺序）1 1、时间上：、时间上：Please come back Please come back before before 10:00pm.10:00pm.2 2、空间上：、空间上：Dont put the cart Dont put the cart before before the horse.the horse.3 3、顺序上：、顺序上：Health should come Health should come before before wealth.wealth.固定搭配

16、：固定搭配：1 1、before longbefore long不久后不久后2 2、before time:before time:提前提前 9、behind基本含义：be+hide “在之后“1 1、空间上，在、空间上，在后面后面:A dog is running:A dog is running behind behind us.us.2 2、在后台操纵：、在后台操纵：There must be someone There must be someone behind behind it.it.3 3、时间上，在之后；能力上，在之后、时间上，在之后；能力上，在之后;New York is 12 hours New York is 12 hours behind behind Beijing in time.Beijing in time.He was He was behind behind others in ability.others in ability.10、beside基本含义：be+side“在边上”引申含义：1、在.旁边=next to;by the side of