英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

1、英语高考英语阅读理解科普环保常见题型及答题技巧及练习题含答案（英语）高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggest

2、s the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plants ears to help them detect the sound of approaching insects. When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers,

3、within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased. The fluid, produced to attract pollinating (授粉) insects, was on average 20 percent higher in flowers exposed to the buzz compared to those left in silence or exposed to higher pitched sounds. Professor Lilach

4、Hadany, who led the study, said: Our results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way. However, Prof Hadany said a plants ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. While plants

5、 require water, sunlight and the right temperature to grow, it is widely believed they do not have senses in the way animals do. But the study, published on the open-science website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain. Plants ability to hear has imp

6、lications well beyond pollinationplants could potentially hear and respond to herbivores, other animals, the elements, and possibly other plants, Prof Hadany added. A month-long experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found female voices appear to speed up the growth of tomat

7、oes. The research offers a possible explanation womens voices were at the right frequency for the plants to hear.（1）Whats evening primrose flowers response to bees buzz? A.Longer bloom.B.Sweeter nectar.C.Brighter color.D.Less fluid.（2）Where can plants grow better according to Hadany? A.On a square.B

8、.Beside a highway.C.In the woods.D.Along the street.（3）What can we infer from the research? A.Prince Charles proves kind of stupid.B.Plants can only potentially hear animals.C.Plants respond to sounds slowly and ecologically.D.Plants gardeners talk to frequently develop well.（4）What does the text ma

9、inly talk about? A.Flowers can hear.B.Bees are best pollinators.C.Plants cant grow without sound.D.Womens voices improve plants growth.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人与植物的交流可以促其生长。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within

10、three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased.”可知，蜜蜂飞到夜来香花，在三分钟内其花朵花蜜的糖的浓度会增加，所以花蜜会更甜。故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“However, Prof Hadany said a plants ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. ”哈达尼教授认为，植物对传粉者做出反应的能力可能会

11、在城市环境或繁忙道路旁减弱。从而推断可知，在丛林里的植物生长得更好。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“But the study, published on the open-science website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain.”研究表明，园丁们和他们的植物交谈的努力可能不会白费。从而推断可知，园丁经常与植物交谈，生长得更好。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段“Gardeners such as Prince Charles

12、 who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a

13、 plants ears to help them detect the sound of approaching insects.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述人与植物的交流可以促其生长。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 One spring day, once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover

14、 (盘旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table. While youre thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely: me. A honeybee has about six weeks to live. Today, like most days, her task is to fly as many as three miles from home, stick her long, stra

15、w-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers. When the bee has had her fill, shell fly home. There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouth of one of her co-workers, who will relay it to another, and so on for about 20 minutes, until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb. Then sh

16、e and her 50 000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night, flapping their wings to create hot, breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture. Several sunrises later, they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax. In her lifetime, our bee may visit 4, 000 flowers, and yet

17、 will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me. The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year, in tea, on toast, and beyond. If I do say so myself, I am a timeless treasure. LiterallyI never go bad. Alas, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growt

18、h of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit Id appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild

19、flowers, thus helping the bees, who give so muchto you, to mewithout ever asking for anything in return.（1）What does me refer to in the passage? A.The flowerB.The beeC.WaterD.Honey（2）What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about? A.Bees special talentB.Bees hard work.C.Bees living environment.D.Bees social

20、 behavior.（3）What is the purpose of the passage? A.To appeal for help for honeybees.B.To talk about the history of a treasure.C.To put forward techniques for gardeners.D.To argue against the control of chemicals.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，用拟人的手法，以蜂蜜的口吻，介绍了蜜蜂虽然只有六周左右的寿命，但用其一生辛勤为人类酿造蜂蜜，人类应该保护蜜

21、蜂。 （1）考查代词指代。根据第一段中的“While youre thinking about avoiding an attack, that bee is focused on something else entirely可知，当你在想如何避免蜜蜂的攻击时，其实蜜蜂完全专注于其他的东西蜜，由此可知me指的就是蜜，故选D。 （2）考查主旨大意。通读第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了蜜蜂虽然只有六周左右的寿命，但用其一生辛勤采蜜，为人类酿造蜂蜜，由此可知本段主要介绍的是蜜蜂的辛勤工作，故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的thus helping the bees, who give s

22、o muchto you, to mewithout ever asking for anything in return.可知，这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们帮助为人类辛勤采蜜的蜜蜂，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3犇犇阅读理解 News anchors(主播) must have been reluctant to read out the following news: Xin Xiaomeng began working as the worlds first femal

23、e artificial(人工的) intelligence news anchor at Xinhua News Agency on Sunday, three months after a male robot joined the profession. Unlike previous news robots though, Xin does not read news like a cold machine; she reads it almost like a human being. The muscles on her face stretch and relax-and her

24、 reactions change-as she continues reading. Thats why many news anchors were worried: Will AI replace us in the near future? To find the answer, we have to analyse the technologies that support Xin at her job. Three key technologies are used to support Xin. First, samples of human voices are collect

25、ed and synthesized (合成). This is followed by the collection and synthesis of human muscle movement samples. And third the voices and movements are married in a way that when the Al news anchor reads, the micro -electric motors behind her face move to make her expressions seem more human. Yet we need

26、 a thorough knowledge of deep leaning technology to make a robot imitate a persons voice. The developer needs to collect tens of thousands of pieces of pronunciations, input them into the machine and match them with the text or the Al to lean and read. The process for imitating facial movements is s

27、imilar. The developer has to analyse the movements of the 53 muscles in the human face, make a model set from the collected data for the AI news anchor to lean, and imitate the movements of facial muscles via programs Both the technologies used to make Xins performance impressive are mature. The rea

28、l difficulty lies in the third -the technology to match the pronunciations with facial movements so that Xin expressions vary according to the content of the news report. In fact, Xins expressions dont always change according to the content. As a result, her expressions look anything but human. Actu

29、ally. AI is still no match for human qualities.（1）What does the underlined word reluctant in the first paragraph mean? A.Delighted.B.Unwilling.C.Confused.D.Optimistic.（2）What can we infer about previous news robots? A.They read news without expressions.B.They looked like a human beingC.They could in

30、terview sports starsD.They could interact with audience.（3）What do we know about the third technology? A.This technology is very perfect so farB.This technology is quite popular nowC.This technology remains at the theoretical stageD.This technology is far from mature.（4）From the last paragraph, we can draw a conclusion that_. A.human news anchors should learn from AT anchors to save their jobsB.Al anchors perform much better than human news anchors at presentC.Al news anchors wont replace human news anchors in the near futureD.Xin Xiaomeng s expressions vary so natu