英语四级长篇阅读练习题和答案.docx

1、英语四级长篇阅读练习题和答案英语四级长篇阅读练习题和答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于英语四级长篇阅读练习题和答案的内容，具体内容：下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。The Heart Assoeiations Junk Science DietA.A recent Cambridge. 下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。 The Heart Assoeiations Junk Science Diet A.A recent Cambridge University anal ysis of 76 studies involving more than 650，000 people co

2、ncluded,The current evidence does not clearly support guidelines that low consumption of total Saturated fats.Yet the American Heart Association(AriA.，in its most recent dietary guidelines，held fast to the idea that we must A.l eat low.fat diets for optimal heart health.Its a stance thatat the very

3、bestis controversiA.，and at worst is dead wrong.As a practicing cardiologist(心脏病学家)for more than three decades，I agree with the latteits dead wrong.Why does the AHA cling to recommendations that fly in the face of scientific evidence? B.What I discovered was both eye.opening and disturbin9.The AHA n

4、ot only ignored A.l the other risk factors for heart disease，but it appointed someone with ties to Big Food and bizarre scientific beliefs to lead the guideline-writing paneHust the type of thingthat undermines the publics confidence in the medical community.The AHA guidelines warrant that saturated

5、 fat make up no more than 5 to 6 percent of daily cal ories for adults because this will lowerbadcholesterol(胆固醇).And，for those people who need blood pressure control，the guidelines A.so suggest lowering sodium(salt)intake to no more than a teaspoon(2，300 mg)daily.Despite many other known risk facto

6、rs for heart disease，salt and fat were，astonishingly,the only two considered by the AHA panel writing the guidelines.There are many other recognized risk factors the AHA ignored，including blood sugar level，lowgoodcholesterol，insulin(胰岛素)levels，and body weightan of these are influenced by diet. C.In

7、fact，most people who have heart attacks dont have elevations in bad cholesterol.They are much more likely to have metabolic syndrome(新陈代谢综合征)a condition that puts you at high risk for diabetes and heart disease.Interestingly enough，blood triglycerides(甘油三脂)do not go up with eating fatthey go up if y

8、ou eat a diet high in processed grains，starches，and sugar.Unfortunately for the proponents of high-carbohydrate(糖类)diets，high blood triglycerides are a major risk factor for heart disease.In addition.low fat/high carb diets lower protectivegoodcholesterol and raise insulin. These diets are involved

9、in the development of diabetes.which is a powerful risk factor for developing heart disease. Heart Cheek Programs contribution D.The writers of the 20 13 statin guidelines based their recommendations on studies that looked at the reduction in the risk of events like heart attacks in people treated w

10、ith pared to people on a placebo(安慰剂).The AHA dietary guidelines do not cite any diet studies that looked at whether following a specific diet lowered the risk of developing heart eventsyet they are giving dietary advice.Why?There might be two plausible reasons.One is the AHAs moneymakingHeart Check

11、 Program.The second is the conflict of interest of Robert Eckethe co-chair of the panel that wrote the guidelines. E.Forty.five percent of theseheart heA.thyfoodsover 400 of themare meat：92 are processed meatswhich have been shown to have either neutrA. or negative effects on heart health.Even more

12、problematic are the foods containing added sugar.The AHA recommends that women consume less than 6 teaspoons(1 00 calories)of sugar a day and less than 9 teaspoons(1 50 caories)for men.Yet there are items that get the nod of approvA. from the Heart Check program despite being near or at the sugar li

13、mit.1ike Bruces Yams Candied Sweet Potatoes and HeA.thy Choice SA.isbury Steak. F. Until this year,Heart Check approved many foods with trans-fats，which raise bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol，among other harmful effects on heA.th，like increasing inflammation(发炎)and the laying down of calci

14、um in arteries(动脉). G.Like the dietary guidelines，the AHA Heart Check Program appears to address only the effect of foods on cholesterollevel and blood pressure.Meanwhile，since the 1 970s，our yearly sugar consumption has increased quickly A.ong with the incidence of diabetes and obesity.This brings

15、us to Dr.Robert H.Eckel，the co-chair of the Working Group.He is a consultant for Foodminds.which specializesin food，beverage，nutrition，health and wellness.Foodminds works with more than 30 leading food，beverage，and nutrition to offer aone stop shop of.consulting.to guide food and beverage companies

16、in navigating the complexities around the upcoming FDA Nutrition Facts label overhaul.In other words.Foodminds is a lobbying firm forBig Food. Creationists coming H. And then there is this：Dr.Eckel describes himself asa scientist and professing six.day creationist and a member of the technicA. advis

17、ory board of the Institute for Creation Research.Many scientists are religious.111is is not to question Dr.Eckels religious beliefs.but to question his ability to think sciemificA.ly.He believes there is scientific proof that the world was created in six days and mat evolution does not exist.This sh

18、ould at least raise eyebrows when the co-chair of an influential panel charged with giving scientificA.ly sound dietary advice has a financiA. conflict of interest and proselytizes for beliefs that are anti.scientific. I.The American people should be able to trust that only impartiA. scientists writ

19、e guidelines.We should be confident that those experts are not working to advance corporate interests and that they do not espouse beliefs that are well outside the scientific mainstream.An avowed creationist who consults for a food lobby hardly seems an appropriate choice to fulfill these criteria.

20、For the last several decades，the AHA has promoted a low.fat higll.carbohydrate diet as a cornerstone of heart health.It has taken a very public position that saturated fats are a major driver of heart disease risk and the mounting tide of evidence that this is dead wrong must put it in a very uncomf

21、ortable position.And yet a fundamental requirement of science-as opposed to propaganda-is that when evidence that contradicts a hypothesis is replicated over and over again，that hypothesis must be abandoned. J. The idea that eating high amounts of saturated fat causes hardening of the arteriesthe so

22、.calleddiet-heart hypothesisdeserves to be iettisoned along with other discredited belief systems.Creationism comes to mind.Will the AHA step up to the plate? 46.It is ftm that blood triglyeerides wont rise when you eat fat,but go up with eating other sugar and starches. 47.The processed meats are p

23、roved to be harmful more or less to our heart health. 48.Many other known risk factors for heart disease have been overlooked by the AHA panel.except for salt and fat. 49.It does not aim to query the religious faith of Dr.Eckel，but his capability to ponder scientifically. 50.At best.the idea held by

24、 AHA that we must A.l eat low.fat diets for optimA. heart heA.th is a controversiA. stance，while at worst，it is dead wrong. 51.Many foods approved by Heart Check would be harmful to our body health. 52.A hypothesis must be iettisoned when it clashes with the convincing evidence. 53.Since the 1970s.o

25、ur annually sugar accommodation has rocketed A.ong with the occurrence of diabetes and obesity. 54.The view that high intake of saturated fat could result in sclerosis of artery should be discarded with other untrustful beliefs. 55.The AHA dietary guidelines do not quote any diet researches that can

26、 tell us whether a specific diet can decrease the risk of heart disease. 46.It is fun that blood triglycerides wont rise when you eat fat.but go up with eating other sugar and starches.有趣的是，当你食用脂肪时血甘油三酯不会升高，而食用一些糖类或淀粉时就会升高。 47.Theprocessedmeatsareprovedto beharmfulmore orlessto ourhearthealth.经预处理的肉

27、多多少少会对我们的心脏健康有负作用。 48.Many other known risk factors for heart disease have been overlooked by the AHA panel，except for salt and fat.很多其他影响心脏健康的危险因素被AHA饮食指南制定小组忽略了，但盐分和脂肪除外。 49.It does not aim to query the religious faith of Dr.Eckel.but his capability to ponder scientifically.这并不是在质疑埃克尔博士的宗教信仰，而是他进行

28、科学化思考的能力。 50.At best.the idea held by AHA that we must all eat low-fat diets for optimal heart heA.th is a controversial stance，while at Worst，it is dead wrong.从最好的一面来看，AHA坚持我们必须采用低脂肪饮食以达到最佳的心脏健康状态的观点是有争议的，然而最坏的就是，它是大错特错的。 51.Many foods approved by Heart Check would be harmful to our body health.心脏检

29、查程序认证通过的许多食物对我们的身体是有害的。 52.A hypothesis must be jettisoned when it clashes with the convincing evidence.当一个假设与令人信服的证据冲突时，它应该果断被摒弃。 53.Since the 1970s，Our annually sugar accommodation has rocketed along with the occurrence of diabetes and obesity.自20世纪70年代以来，糖的年供应量随着糖尿病和肥胖症的高发迅速增加。 54.The view that h

30、igh intake of saturated fat could result in sclerosis of artery should be discarded with other untrustful beliefs.摄入高含量的饱和脂肪会导致动脉硬化的观点应该和其他不可信的观念一同被抛弃。 55.The AHA dietary guidelines do not quote any diet researches that Can tell uswhether a specific diet Can decrease the risk ofheart disease.AHA的饮食指

31、南并没有引用任何饮食研究，这些研究也并未指出特定的饮食是否可以降低患心脏病的风险。 Robot Management A. Robots have been the stuff of science fiction for so long that it is surprisingly hard to see them as the stuff of management fact. A Czech playwright, Karel Capek, gave them their name in 1920 (from the Slavonic word for work ). An Ameri

32、can writer, Isaac Asimov, confronted them with their most memorable dilemmas. Hollywood turned them into superheroes and supervillains. When some film critics drew up lists of Hollywoods 50 greatest good guys and 50 greatest baddies, the only character to appear on both lists was a robot, the Terminator. B. It is time for management thinkers to catch up with science-fiction writers. Robots have been doing auxiliary jobs on production lines since the 1960s. The world already has more than lm industrial robots. There is now an acceleration in