高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解人生百味及解析.docx

1、高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解人生百味及解析高考英语试题真题分类汇编阅读理解(人生百味)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1阅读理解 Butterfly Garden (Permanent Exhibit) Walk among the free-flying residents of this warm conservatory. It is a wonderful opportunity to get close to a variety of living butterflies from New England and across the globe. The Emergence

2、 Box offers a window into the butterfly behavior. Look inside to see hanging chrysalids (蝶蛹) transform into adult butterflies. Tickets are required and visitors should reserve at least two weeks in advance. A Birds World (Permanent Exhibit) This exhibit features the Museums extraordinary collection

3、of birds, displaying over 300 species found in New England. Here, you can learn to interpret the bird language taking place just outside your window at home. Test your observation skills and see if you can get past different birds without them alerting (发信号) other animals to your presence Learn to i

4、dentify birds from a distance by recognizing unique flight patterns. Practice your flying technique in the Bird Walk. Hall of Human Life (Permanent Exhibit) Should you have your babys DNA sequenced? What keeps you awake? Step inside the Hall of Human Life, the Museums new biology exhibition, and enc

5、ounter such far-reaching questions on an amazing journey inside the human body. Through digital media and personal interaction, you become part of the story, as you contribute your own data in a process of learning and discovery. BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life (Temporary Exhibit Now Open!) BODY WOR

6、LDS comes to the Museum of Science with a new chapter, Gunther von Hagens BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life. Dont miss this truly unique opportunity to look within yourself and gain a whole new perspective on what it means to be alive. More than one hundred preserved human specimens reveal the wonders

7、 of human development and show how poor health, good health, and lifestyle choices can shape your body.（1）Which exhibit do you need to book in advance? A.Butterfly GardenB.A Birds WorldC.Hall of Human LifeD.BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life（2）What can you do in A Birds World? A.Improve your own flying

8、 technique.B.Communicate with birds in body language.C.Watch digital media showing birds history.D.See different birds from all over the world.（3）What is special about BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life? A.It is related to human body.B.It lasts for only a limited time.C.It is the most visited exhibitio

9、n in the world.D.It has something to do with the growth of life.【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波士顿科技馆的四个展览的相关信息。 （1）考查细节理解。根据 Butterfly Carden部分中的“Tickets are required and visitors should reserve at least two weeks in advance.”游客必须购票，并至少提前两周预订。可知，参现Butterfly Garden需要提前预订。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据A Bi

10、rds World部分中的“Practice your flying technique in the Bird Walk.”在Bird Walk中练习你的飞行技巧。可知，游客在Bird Walk 活动中提高自己的飞行技能。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据BODY WORIDS & The Cycle of life 部分中的“Temporary Exhibit Now Open!”临时展览现在开始！可知，BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life这个展览不是永久性的，而是临时的。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息

11、，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 In 2015, a man named Nigel Richards memorized 386, 000 words in the entire French Scrabble Dictionary in just nine weeks. However, he does not speak French. Richards impressive feat is a useful example to show how artificial intelligence worksreal AI. Both of Richard and AI t

12、ake in massive amounts of data to achieve goals with unlimited memory and superman accuracy in a certain field. The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting. Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasksprovided the task is in one field with a lot of datait is technically capable of

13、replacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so. But not every job will be replaced by AI. In fact four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, novelists

14、and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobsexecutives, diplomats, economists go well beyond the AI limitation of single-field and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI. Are you worried that these three types of jobs wont employ as many people as AI will

15、 replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors. These jobs require compassion, trust and sympathywhich AI does not have. And even if AI tried to fake it, nobody would want a robot telling them they have cancer, or a ro

16、bot to babysit their children. So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them. This must be the responsibility not just of the government, which can provide funds, but also of corporations and those who benefit most.（1）What is the ma

17、in purpose of paragraph 1? A.To introduce the topic.B.To mention Nigels feat.C.To stress the importance of good memory.D.To suggest humans go beyond AI in memory.（2）Which of the following best explains outperform underlined in paragraph 2? A.Be superior toB.Be inferior toC.Be similar toD.Be related

18、to（3）Which of the following jobs is the most likely to be replaced? A.The writer.B.The shop assistant.C.The babysitter.D.The psychologist.（4）Which of the following suggestions can the author give about job replacement of AI? A.Limit the application of AI to a certain degree.B.Get more support from t

19、he government.C.Apply for the donation from companies.D.Upgrade peoples professional skills all the time.【答案】 （1）A（2）A（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人工智能有取代人类工作的潜力,但是,并非所有工作都会被人工智能取代,有四种类型的工作完全没有风险。因此,在人工智能时代人类仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知一个名叫奈杰尔理查兹（Nigel Richards）的人在短短九周内记住了法国拼字游

20、戏词典中的386,000个单词。但是,他不会说法语。其展示了人工智能是如何工作的。而后文主要与人工智能有关,由此推断作者写第一段的目的是引出人工智能这个话题。故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Because AI can outperform humans at routine tasksprovided the task is in one field with a lot of data”可知AI可以在日常任务中outperform人类（前提是该任务在一个涉及到大量数据的领域中；以及“it is technically capable of replacing hundreds

21、 of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”可知从技术上讲,人工智能具有在未来大约15年里取代成千上万的白领和蓝领工作的能力。结合下文推断人工智能能够具有取代人类的工作是因为AI在日常任务中表现超过了人类,划线词的意思是胜过,超过,故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“First, there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a goal to optimize. It cannot invent, like scientists, nove

22、lists and artists can.”可知四种类型的工作完全没有风险。首先,有创造性的工作。人工智能不可能像科学家,小说家和艺术家那样进行发明创造。也就是作家和科学家不会被取代。排除A；再根据第四段中的“as the fourth type is much larger: jobs where emotions are needed, such as teachers, nannies and doctors.”可知需要情感的工作,例如老师,保姆和医生也不大可能被取代,因此排除C和D。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“So there will still be jobs

23、 in the age of AI. The key then must be retraining the workforce so people can do them.” 可知作者认为在AI时代仍然会有工作,关键必须是对劳动力进行再培训,这样人们才能从事这些工作。进行培训是为了得到专业技能,由此推断作者会给出一直提升人们的专业技能的建议,故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Rich countries are racing to demateriali

24、se payments. They need to do more to prepare for the side-effects. For the past 3,000 years, when people thought of money they thought of cash. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolu

25、tion is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficientbut it also causes new problems that could hold back the transition(转型). Countries are removing cash at varying speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transaction per person ha

26、s fallen by 80% in the past ten years. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its leading role is being challenged. In China digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017. Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is d

27、emand younger consumers want payment systems that plug easily into their digital lives. But equally important is that suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull

28、 data and pocket fees. There is a high cost to running the infrastructure behind the cash economyATMs, vans carrying notes, tellers who accept coins. Most financial firms are keen to abandon it, or discourage old-fashioned customers with heavy fees. In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is

29、 excellent news. Cash is inefficient. When payments dematerialise, people and shops are less open to theft. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet set against these benefits are a couple of worries. Electronic payment systems may risk technical failures, power failure and cy

30、ber-attacks. In a cashless economy the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind. And a digital system could let governments watch over peoples shopping habits and private multinationals exploit their personal data.（1）Some rich countries are trying to . A.dematerialize moneyB.get rid of

31、the side-effects of cashC.make the economy more efficient by protecting endangered speciesD.promote payment without paper money or coins（2）In paragraph 3, several countries are mentioned to show . A.the differences between developed and developing countriesB.that cash is still king across the worldC.digital payments are becoming a trend that cannot be stoppedD.China is developing faster that those developed countries in digital payment（3）Cash is disappearing largely because . A.younger consumers are short of money to live their digital livesB.suppliers are trying to reduce c