机器翻译的利与弊口译方向英语论文.docx

1、机器翻译的利与弊口译方向英语论文XXXX大学本科毕业论文（设计）任务书编 号： 论文（设计）题目： 机器翻译的利与弊 学院： XXX学院 专业： 机译 班级： XXXX机译班 学生姓名： XX 学号： XXXX 指导教师： XXX 职称： 副教授 1、 论文（设计）研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是了解机器翻译的发展历程，并通过人工翻译与机器翻译的比较，探讨机器翻译的利与弊。其主要任务是正确地评价机器翻译，合理地使用机器翻译来辅助人工翻译。2、论文（设计）的主要内容 本论文分为四章，第一章介绍机器翻译在国内外的发展历史，第二章介绍机器翻译的优势，第三章介绍机器翻译的弊端，最后一章讨论了机器翻

2、译的发展前景。3、论文（设计）的基础条件及研究路线 本论文的基础条件是不同的翻译家及计算机语言学家对机器翻译的研究成果。研究路线是通过具体实例对机器翻译和人工翻译进行多方面的比较, 总结出机器翻译的优势与发展瓶颈。4、主要参考文献Brown-Samuelsson, Geoffrey. 2004. A Practical Guide for Translators. Britain: Cromwell Press Ltd.Hutchins, W. J. & Somers. 1992. An Introduction to Machine Translation. London: Academic

3、 Press .韩建国. 1999. 浅谈机器翻译问题. 中国科技翻译（2），33.张景丰. 2009. 机器翻译之利与弊. 河南机电高等专科学校学报(5), 56.张景丰. 2008. 机器翻译和人工翻译之比较. 新乡学院学报(4), 110.5、计划进度阶段起止日期1确定初步论文题目3月16日前2与导师见面，确定大致范围，填开题报告和任务书，导师签字3月17日-3月23日3提交论文提纲3月24日-3月30日4交初稿和文献综述3月31日-4月20日5交终稿和评议书4月21日-5月8日指 导 教师： 年 月 日教研室主任： 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）开题报告书 XXX 学院

4、机译 专业 XXX 届 学生姓名XX论文（设计）题目机器翻译的利与弊指导教师XXX专业职称副教授所属教研室翻译教研室研究方向口译课题论证：通过具体实例从多角度比较人工翻译与机器翻译，探讨机器翻译的利与弊。方案设计：第一章介绍机器翻译在国内外的发展历史第二章探讨机器翻译的优势 第三章探讨机器翻译的弊端 第四章阐述机器翻译的发展前景进度计划：3月16日前确定初步论文题目 3月23日前写开题报告、任务书3月30日前提交论文提纲4月20日前提交初稿和文献综述5月 8 日前交终稿和评议书指导教师意见： 指导教师签名： 年 月 日教研室意见： 教研室主任签名： 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）

5、评议书姓 名XX学院XXX学院专业机译年级（班）XXXX级机译班论 文 题 目 机器翻译的利与弊完成时间XXXX/5/5论文内容摘要 机器翻译自从其诞生以来经历了漫长而又曲折的历程，分为四个阶段：开创期，受挫期，恢复期和新时期。它速度快、效率高，彻底改变了传统的手工翻译方式。机器翻译具有很多优势，得到了很多国家的关注，也因此促进了机器翻译的发展。另一方面，机器翻译仍然面临着许多瓶颈需要攻克。然而，不可否认的是机器翻译已经取得了长足的进展，无论是在技术还是在应用方面，机器翻译都具有广阔的发展前景。本文首先阐述了机器翻译在国外以及中国的发展历程, 然后介绍了机器翻译的优势及各种应用。并通过具体实例

6、对机器翻译和人工翻译进行了比较, 总结出机器翻译存在的弊端,如机器翻译缺少可读性和流畅性，在处理多义词，句子结构，自动分词，语言和文化语境方面能力不足。最后本文预测了机器翻译的发展前景。指导教师评语 年 月 日指 导 教 师职称初评成绩答辩小组姓名职称教研室组长成员答辩记录： 记录人签字： 年 月 日答辩小组意见： 组长签字： 年 月 日学院意见： 评定成绩： 签章 年 月 日XXXX大学本科生毕业论文（设计）文献综述Literature ReviewMachine translation is a sub-field of natural language processing that i

7、nvestigates the use of software to translate text or speech from one natural language to another. It is closely related to computational linguistics and natural language understanding. In 1949, W. Weaver published a memo on translation in which the idea of machine translation was first put forward o

8、fficially. Since then, machine translation has experienced ups and downs. Its development history can be divided into four periods: pioneering period, frustration period, recovery period and the new period. The progress and potential of machine translation have been debated much through its history.

9、 Since 1950s, a number of scholars have questioned the possibility of achieving fully automatic machine translation of high quality. Some critics claim that there are in-principle obstacles to automizing the translation process (Madsen, 2010:174).There are many different approaches to machine transl

10、ation and the ultimate aim of them all is to translate one language to another in an automated fashion. The three systems that have delivered the best results and therefore deemed successful are Rules-based Translation, Statistical Machine Translation and Example-based TranslationMachine translation

11、 has revolutionized the way of traditional manual translation. Compared to human translation, machine translation has many incomparable advantages. Geoffrey Samuelsson-Brown, a technical Swedish translator has illustrated six major advantages of machine translation in his book A Practical Guide for

12、Translators: Repetitive or similar texts need to be translated once. Once glossaries have been entered in the system, future translation will always be consistent providing the translator selects the option offered by the terminology management system. Greater speed of draft translation, thereby all

13、owing more time for quality control. A computer can work on draft translation at any time of the day, thus a 10,000 word translation that may take a human translator a week to produce could be done overnight ready for editing the next morning. Reduction in production costs, thereby producing greater

14、 profitability. Better quality control since text already entered in the software will not need to be re-checked if it can be identified uniquely (Brown-Samuelsson, 2004:77).On the other hand, despite the spectacular advancement in machine translation, it still has many disadvantages when compared t

15、o human translation. The biggest bottleneck facing machine translation is the problem of ambiguity. Ambiguity comes from two sources: ambiguity of language itself and the technological limitations of computer. Ambiguity of language itself means that a word has more than one meaning in the language t

16、o which the word belongs. The limitation of computer mainly refers to the deficient ability of automatic word segmentation. The problem of ambiguity was first raised in 1950s by Yehoshua Bar-Hillel. He pointed out that without a universal encyclopedia, a machine would never be able to distinguish be

17、tween the two meanings of a word (Bar-Hillel, 1960). Whats more, machine translation lacks readability and fluency. It is deficient when dealing with figures of speech, linguistic and cultural context.At present, machine translation is able to meet peoples all kinds of needs of translation and is wi

18、dely used in many different fields. From the type of application, machine translation is used for four purposes: information distribution, information assimilation, information exchange and information retrieval, of which the former two are the major use of machine translation. Information distribut

19、ion refers to the traditional need for translations of good quality, particularly the production of materials like news, laws, advertisings, product specifications etc. Here the output of machine translation systems can save time and costs by providing draft translations which are then edited for pu

20、blication. Information assimilation refers to the need of rough translation results which may be grammatically imperfect and lexically awkward but convey the main idea of the source text. The notable rise of social networking on the website in recent years has created another niche for the applicati

21、on of machine translation software in utilities such as Facebook, or instant messaging clients such as Skype, GoogleTalk, MSN Messenger, etc. It allows users speaking different languages to communicate with each other. Machine translation applications have also been released for most mobile devices.

22、 Due to their portability, such instruments have come to be designated as mobile translation tools, thus facilitating foreign language learning and unaccompanied travel to foreign countries without the help of a human translator.In the 21st century, due to the rapid development of the Internet and t

23、he acceleration of world economic integration, information in the network is expanding quickly and international exchanges become more frequent. So how to overcome the language barrier has become a common concern of the international community. As human translation is far from satisfactory to meet t

24、he needs, the use of machine translation technology to help people get information quickly has become an inevitable trend.American inventor Ray Kurzweil once predicted that by 2029 the quality of machine translation would reach the level of human translation. This prediction has triggered heated con

25、troversy in the academic community. Anyway, the current development trend of machine translation is favorable. It is believed that machine translation has promising prospects in the future. As long as linguists, computer experts, mathematicians etc work collectively, all the bottlenecks facing machi

26、ne translation will be solved.本科生毕业论文设计题目 机器翻译的利与弊 作者姓名 XX 指导教师 XXX 所在学院 XXX学院 专业（系） 机译 班级（届） XXX级机译班 完成日期 XXX 年 4 月 21 日 The Advantages and Disadvantages of Machine TranslationBYXXProf. XXXX, TutorA Thesis Submitted to Department of English Language and Literature in Partial Fulfillment of the Requ

27、irements for the Degree of B.A in English At XXXX UniversityApril 21st, XXXX摘要机器翻译自从其诞生以来经历了漫长而又曲折的历程，分为四个阶段：开创期，受挫期，恢复期和新时期。它速度快、效率高，彻底改变了传统的手工翻译方式。机器翻译具有很多优势，得到了很多国家的关注，这也因此促进了机器翻译的发展。另一方面，机器翻译仍然面临着许多瓶颈需要攻克。然而，不可否认的是机器翻译已经取得了长足的进展，无论是在技术还是在应用方面，机器翻译都具有广阔的发展前景。本文首先阐述了机器翻译在国内外的发展历程, 然后介绍了机器翻译的优势及各种应

28、用。并通过具体实例对机器翻译和人工翻译进行比较, 总结出机器翻译存在的弊端,如机器翻译缺少可读性和流畅性，在处理多义词，句子结构，自动分词，语言和文化语境方面能力不足。最后本文预测了机器翻译未来的发展前景。关键词 机器翻译 利与弊 歧义AbstractSince its emergence machine translation has embarked on a winding and long path of development, which can be divided into the following 4 stages: pioneering period, frustrati

29、on period, recovery period and the new period. Featuring fast speed and high efficiency, machine translation has revolutionized traditional manual translation. Impressed by its vast advantages, machine translation has drawn attention from many countries, which has consequently facilitated its develo

30、pment. On the other hand, machine translation is still confronted with various bottlenecks to tackle. However, it is undeniable that machine translation has achieved tremendous progress and it has a broad future in terms of technologies and applications. This paper firstly elaborates the development

31、 history of machine translation both in foreign countries and China. Then it describes the advantages of machine translation as well as its diverse applications. After comparison between human translation and machine translation through specific examples, it summarizes the disadvantages of machine translation, for example, machine translation lacks readability and fluency and has difficulties in dealing with polysemy, syntactic structure, automatic word segmentation, linguistic and cultural context. Fina