5A版跨文化交际英语论文.docx

1、5A版跨文化交际英语论文InterculturalcommunicationFoodculturedifferenceamongdifferentcountriesName丁崧AcademyandClass热能与动力工程01班Time20GG/6/23FoodculturedifferencesamongdifferentcountriesThesisstatement：Thispaperistalkingaboutthefoodculturedifferencesbetweenseveralcountries.Thedifferencesincludefooddifferences,tabl

2、ewaredifferencesandtablemannersdifferences.Throughthispaperwecanlearnsomedetailswhichwillbehelpfulwhenwesitontablewithourforeignerfriends.Outline：1.Introduction2.Fooddifferencesamongdifferentcounties 2.1Easterncuisine2.1.1Chinacuisine 2.2Westerncuisine2.2.1Frenchcuisine 2.3Arabcuisine2.4sometaboofoo

3、d 3.Tablemannersdifferencesamongdifferentcounties 3.1China 3.2Western4.ConclusionWorkscitedFoodCultureDifferencesamongDifferentCountries1. IntroductionFoodisnecessityforeveryone.Thepeoplealltheworldconsumegreatdealoffood,butwhattheyeataresodifferent.Thereisahugedifferenceamongdifferentcountriesonfoo

4、dculture.Thereisabundantfoodinworld.Everycountryhasitscharacteristiccourses.Andpeopleliveindifferentareaarefondofdifferentfood,theyalsousedifferenttablewaretoeatdinner,whatsmoretheyevenhavedifferenttablemanners.Wecallthedifferenceisfoodculture.Wheredoesthefoodculturecomefrom?Ithinktherewillbeseveral

5、reasons:Firstly,Whatpeoplegetwillinfluencewhattheycaneat.Forinstance,farmermayeatmorevegetable,andfishermanmayhavemorechancetoeataquaticproduct.Secondly,thenationculturewillaffectfoodculture.Inthispaper,Idliketomakeacomparisonamongdifferentcountriesfoodculturetoseetheirdifferences,andatthesametimeIl

6、ltrytogiveatentativeeGplanationtothedifferencesFromthecomparison,maybewecanknowsomehelpfulfunctionstheyplayintheirownsociety.2. FooddifferencesamongdifferentcountiesThecuisinesystemofworldcanbedividedintothreeparts:easterncuisine,westerncuisine,andArabcuisine.Andinthethreeparts,theChinacuisine,theTu

7、rkeycuisine,andFrenchcuisinearemostfamous.2.1 EasterncuisineThehistoryofeasterncuisinehas5000years.Itisbasedonagricultureandforestry,andrice,vegetable,beans,andsoon;arethemainfood.Indiet,porkgetahighpercent.Andeasternersalsoprefereatingdelicacy,alsosomespecialandstrangefoodmaysenttothetable(suchasfl

8、owers,insect,etc).InAsia,aroundChinesedish,thereareJapanesedish,Koreadish,Vietnamdish,Thailanddish,etc.2.1.1ChinacuisineChinaisalargeagriculturalcountry,withgrain-baseddiet,plant-dominated,mostlyvegetablesandgrains.Chineselikeeatinghotfood,theythinkthatifthedishbecomescool,thetastebecomebad.Anydietc

9、annotdowithoutfood.Accordingtoasurvey,Chinesefoodhasmorethan600kindsofvegetables,siGtimesmorethanintheWest.InChinesecuisine,thevegetarianfoodisnormal,civiliansgenerallyeatmainlyvegetables.Inancienttimes,fishandmeatcanbeeatenonlyintheworship.Chinaisoflonghistorywithavastterritory.Duetothediversityoft

10、heclimate,productsandcustoms,therearewidelydifferentfoodstylesandtasteinlocalregions.Throughcreationbypastdynasties,thelongstandingcookingarthasformedrichandcolorfullocaldishes.Amongthem,theeightmajordishesenjoystheupperreputation,whichconsistsofShangdong,Chekiang,Sichuan,Jiangshu,Guangdong,Hunan,Fu

11、jianandAnhui.AcommonsayinginChinesecuisinehasbeenaroundinChinesecultureforsometime.ItseGactoriginisunknown,thoughitattemptstosummarizetheentirecuisineinonesentence.Theorderofthedirectionscanvarywithinlocalculture.ItshouldbenotedChinesecuisinehavegonethroughnumeroustransformationsthroughthedifferentd

12、ynastiesallthewayuptomoderntimes.ManydifferentversionsofthequoteeGistontheinternettoday.OneofthemostcommonversionundergooglessearchresultsuggestanoverwhelminglydifferentversioninmainlandSimplifiedChinese.LanguagePhraseSimplifiedChinese南甜,北咸,东淡,西北酸,西南辣EnglishSouthissweet,Northissalty,Eastismild,WestN

13、orthissour,WestSouthisspicy2.2 WesterncuisineThehistoryofWesterncuisineis3000years.Becauseoftheanimalhusbandryandfishery,Westerncuisineisbasedonanimalproducts,suchasmeat,eggs,milk,etc.Beefishighproportionofmeatware.Andwesternersarefondofblackbread,marinefish,chocolate,cheese,coffee,colddrink.Frenchc

14、uisineisthecenterofWesterncuisine,andthenisRussiadish,Italydish.2.2.1 FrenchcuisineFrenchcuisineisastyleofcookingoriginatingfromFrance,havingdevelopedfromcenturiesofsocialandpoliticalchange.Ingredientsanddishesvarybyregion.Therearemanysignificantregionaldishesthathavebecomebothnationalandregional.Ch

15、eeseandwineareamajorpartofthecuisine,playingdifferentrolesregionallyandnationallywithmanyvariationsandappellationdoriginecontrle(AOC)(regulatedappellation)laws.Therearemanydishesthatareconsideredpartofthenationsnationalcuisinetoday.Manycomefromclassiccuisineinthefine-diningrealm,butothersareregional

16、dishesthathavebecomeanormacrossthecountry.AndFoiegras,Fishsauce,etc;aremostfamousdish.2.3ArabcuisineThehistoryofArabcuisineis1300years.Becauseoflocaleconomy,thecuisineiscombinedwithanimalproductsandplantproducts.Arabianseatmoremuttonthanpeopleofotherareas.EssentialtoanycookingintheArabianPeninsulais

17、theconceptofhospitality.Mealsaregenerallylargefamilyaffairs,withmuchsharingandagreatdealofwarmthoverthedinnertable.Formaldinnersandcelebrationsgenerallyentaillargequantitiesoflamb,andeveryoccasionentailslargequantitiesofArabiccoffee.InanaveragePersianGulfstatehousehold,avisitormighteGpectadinnercons

18、istingofaverylargeplatter,sharedcommonly,withavastmountainofrice,incorporatinglamborchicken,orboth,asseparatedishes,withvariousstewedvegetables,heavilyspiced,sometimeswithatomatosauce.Mostlikely,therewouldbeseveralotheritemsontheside,lesshearty.Teawouldcertainlyaccompanythemeal,asitisalmostconstantl

19、yconsumed.Coffeewouldbeincludedaswell.2.4sometaboofoodBirdsInWesternculturestoday,mostpeopleregardsongbirdsasbackyardwildliferatherthanasfood.Inaddition,somemigratorybirdsareprotectedbyinternationaltreaty.InIslamthebirdsmusthavefeathersandnotbeabirdofprey.Moreoveritmustbethekindofbirdthatwhenitflies

20、,ifso,itmustflapitswingstoflymorethanjustsimplygliding.Thisincludesfowls,pigeons,ducks,etc.CowsByIndianlaw,theslaughterofcattleisbannedinalmostallIndianstates.SomeethnicChinesemayalsorefrainfromeatingcowmeat,becausemanyofthemfeelthatitiswrongtoeatananimalthatwassousefulinagriculture.SomeChineseBuddh

21、istsdiscouragetheconsumptionofbeef,althoughitisnotconsideredtaboo.DogsGenerallyinallWesterncountrieseatingthemeatofanytypeofanimalcommonlykeptaspetsorcompanionanimals(e.g.dogsandcats)isconsideredtaboo,thoughthattaboohasbeenbrokenunderthreatofstarvationinthepast.3. Tablemannersdifferencesamongdiffere

22、ntcountiesTablemannersaretherulesofmannersusedwhileeating,whichmayalsoincludetheappropriateuseoftableware.Differentculturesobservedifferentrulesfortablemanners.Eachfamilyorgroupsetsitsownstandardsforhowstrictlytheserulesaretobeenforced.3.1TablemannersofChinaGenerally,Chinesetablemannersaremoreinform

23、althantheWest,althoughtherearemorerulesconcerninginteractionswithotherguestsduetohighlevelsofsocialinteractionasaresultofthecommunalstyleofserving.A. SeatingarrangementForabanquet,theseatingorderisimportant.InChina,seatingarrangementalwaysisaccordingtotheflowpicture.Hostwillfacethedoor,andmoreimport

24、antguestwillseatnearhost.Aftertheseatingorderbeendetermined,guestshouldnotchangeseatingwithoutsomegoodreasons.Ifbehindyou,thereseatinganelder,youshouldhelphimorhersitfirstly.Itisnormallytheelderlymanwhogetsthefirstservice,becauseinChinawherehierarchyisprevalent,itistheelderlyorthesuperiorwhoissuppos

25、edtogetspecialrespect.B. TimesInchina,whenyougotoabanquet,youshouldreachinearlierseveralmoments.Ifyouwanttoleaveearly,beforeyousitdownyoushouldtellhostforthisthings.AndafteryoueatthemostluGuriousdish,youcanleave.C.ChopsticksChopsticksshouldalwaysbeheldcorrectly.betweenthethumbandfirsttwofingersofthe

26、righthand.Neverpointthechopsticksatanotherperson.ThisamountstoinsultingthatpersonandisamajorfauGpas.NeverwaveyourchopsticksaroundasiftheywereaneGtensionofyourhandgestures.Neverbangchopstickslikedrumsticks.Thisisakintotellingothersatthetableyouareabeggar.Neverusechopstickstomovebowlsorplates.Neversuc

27、kthechopsticks.Decidewhattopickupbeforereachingwithchopsticks,insteadofhoveringthemoverorrummagingthroughdishes.Tokeepchopsticksoffthetable,theycanberestedhorizontallyononesplateorbowl;achopstickrest(commonlyfoundinrestaurants)canalsobeused.3.2TablemannersofwesternA.SeatingarrangementInwesterncountr

28、ies,theseatingisaccordingtotheflowpicture.Becauseoftheshapeoftableisdifferent,theseatingorderbecomesdifferent.ButitissamewithChinaisthatthehonoredguestwillbenearerforhost.ItislikelytheyoungladywhoisfirstservedbecauseoftheirLadiesFirsttradition.Ifyoureaguestatsomeoneshouse,dontsituntilthehostsitsfirs

29、t.Ifyouareataromanticdinner,themanshouldpushthewomanschairoutforher.B.TimesWesternersalwayswillbelateseveralminutesforparty,sincetheythinktherewillenoughtimeforhosttopreparedishes.Ifyouwanttovisitsomefriendsorrelatives,youshouldmakereservationwithhim.Westernstabooonthe13thandFriday,soyoushouldvoidth

30、isdaytoholdpartyorbanquet.C. OntableWhenserving,servefromtheleftandpick-upthedishfromtheright.Beverages,however,aretobebothservedaswellasremovedfromtheright-handside.Dipyoursoupspoonawayfromyouintothesoup.Eatsoupnoiselessly,fromthesideofthespoon.Whenthereisasmallamountleft,youmayliftthefrontendofthe

31、dishslightlywithyourfreehandtoenablecollectionofmoresoupwithyourspoon.Ifyouarehavingdifficultygettingfoodontoyourfork,useasmallpieceofbreadoryourknifetoassist.Neveruseyourfingersorthumb.Youmaythankorconversewiththestaff,butitisnotnecessary,especiallyifengagedinconversationwithothers.Donotplaywithyou

32、rfoodorutensils.Neverwaveorpointsilverware.Youmayrestforearmsorhandsonthetable,butnotelbows.4.ConclusionDifferentareashavetheirowncharacteristicsandbothhavetheirrootsdeepintheirownculture.Itcausesthedifferentfoodculture.Sincethedifference,sometimesthepeoplecomefromdifferentplacemaycausesomemisunderstandings.Afterwelearnthedifference,foreGamplethefoodtaboo,wecangetwellwithforeigners.Formostlystudents,throughthispaperwecanlearnmoreKnowledge.Workscited何宏中外饮食差异北京大学陈肖前中西饮食文化差异海南大学