高中英语 高考完形填空解题技巧学案.docx

1、高中英语 高考完形填空解题技巧学案高考完形填空教案学员姓名：科目：英语年级： 时间： 年 月 日 授课教师： 总课时：已上课时：教学标题完形填空考点、教学重点（1）听力（2）构词法（一）（3）完形填空考纲分析及题型攻略教学过程【听力】1. 听对话并回答问题：Whats wrong with the woman? What would the woman like to do finally?2. 拓展词汇，教授记忆单词词汇其中一种方法词根记忆法DialogueA: Hi, how may I help you?B: Hi, Im calling about a dress I ordered

2、recently . I never received it.A: Im sorry to hear that, if you give me your tracking number I can help you find it.B: My tracking number is FCH657A: Ok, the status of the package is “delivered.” Im not sure why you never received it.B: Well, Ive been waiting for the dress for almost a month and not

3、hing ever came.A: Im so sorry for the trouble , if you like I could give you a refund or send the package again.B: Id like a refund then.Expansionorder-disorder1. He ordered a sandwich for lunch.2. She ordered a lot of new clothes online3. They order their tickets online and had them sent to their o

4、ffice.receive-receiver1. He received his check in the mail last week.2. I dont think she received your card yet.3. If I received your package, I would have let you know.trouble-vt./n. troublesome(adj.)1. Im sorry to trouble you, but could you give me a call when youre free?2. It was so much trouble

5、getting to the hotel from the airport3. Its too much trouble to have you pick me up, I can just take a taxi.4.I had trouble finding somewhere to park.【构词法（一）】见最后【完形填空】一、 考纲解读1.完形填空在历届高考中必考的一项题型，而且分值30 2.近几年高考完形填空的考查以记叙文为主（2019年完形填空是人与自然、环保） 3.传播正能量的、具有积极意义的故事类记叙文依然是命题的主流，考察主要以实词和上下文逻辑关系为主 二、完形填空考点梳理

6、1.考察上下文情景信息寻找上下文有联系的逻辑关系词或近反义词2.考察固定搭配和词语辨析熟悉掌握常考固定搭配；词汇辨析3.考察语法与逻辑结构掌握基本语法体系；判断句子之间，句中之间，上下文之间的逻辑关系4.考察词汇复现原词复现；近义词或同义词复现；反义词复现5.考察文化情景和生活常识巧用文化情景和生活常识解题三、完形填空题型攻略四、细节理解题【例1】2016 高考全国卷Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk. And theyve never actu

7、ally met you. Everything they know about you came through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. Yet they feel they can know you just from the sound of your voice. Thats how powerful the 45 is. Powerful, yes, but not always accurate . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone

8、. 45. A. telephone B. voice C. connection D. impression 【归纳总结】1. 上下求索找信息，即从全篇的上文、下文中寻找信息通读全文大意，根据上下文寻找信息词，是提高准确率的关键。（1） 运用前置信息（2） 运用后置信息2. 巧妙利用平行结构，准确判断逻辑信息平行结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。3. 利用作者的情感态度（褒贬性），判断是非曲直找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。【练习1】2016 高考. She gave me a comforting smile, nodde

9、d while listening patiently, and then printed out the ticket immediately. “What a wonderful lady!” I thought.Rushing out gratefully I called out over my shoulder, “By the way, whats your name?” “Im Rani,” she said. I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a s

10、afe trip. I was speechless! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 57 .56. A. carefulB. seriousC. nervousD. pleasant57.Acalm B. nice C. proud D. clever【练习2】2016全国高考Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of

11、 his customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the disabled vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and got hold of the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bu

12、rsts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on came over and told Larry he had made an emergency call. They then heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.44. A. each B. another C. that D. his五、利用固定搭配和词语辨析【例2】Lastsummer，shewantedtojoinourloc

13、alswimteam . Shepracticedhardandfinally19it . Theteampractice, however，wasaroughstart.19A . increasedBfoundCcreatedDmade【题型方法】1左顾右盼找搭配 弄清前后的习惯搭配或句式结构。注意：常常不止一个选项可以构成搭配关系，应该结合上下文和语境定夺。 2避免只重语意，忽略习惯搭配 部分考生只是注重语境，忽视了词汇的习惯搭配。因此考生把握语境的同时，要注意填入的名词、形容词、动词与空格前后某个词汇的搭配，尤其注意与介词和副词的搭配。 3运用词语辨析选择判断 此类题目一般4个选项的词

14、性相同、词义相近或相同。主要考查学生在具体语境中对所学词汇的辨析和运用能力。 【练习3】Anothertrywasinorder. “Well，ifyoudontwanttoreadit，giveit54. Maybeyourmomwouldenjoyhearingthestory.”ThebooksailedthroughtheairtoAuntDedeandshebegantoreaditaloud. 54A . awayBoutCinDback【练习4】Powerful，yes，butnotalways46.ForyearsIdealtwithmytravelagentonlybypho

15、ne . Rani，myfacelessagentwhomIdnevermetinperson，gotmerockbottompricesonairfares，cars，andhotels. 46A . directBusefulCeasyDaccurate 六、对语法和逻辑关系的考查【例3】TheracebeganonJanuary27. Thefirstmusher，Shannon，pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher，Shannonsfacew

16、asblackfromtheextremecold. 46A . ThoughBSinceCWhenDIf 【题型方法】1语法结构 完形填空对语法知识的测试重点在名词、代词的数和格、动词的非谓语形式、各种从句、主谓一致关系、并列结构、倒装结构、动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气等方面，并要注意结合词汇的用法和习惯用语的搭配关系。 2逻辑结构 完形填空的逻辑结构很强。通常考生可以根据文中出现的一些逻辑关系词就能准确推测出下一个要考查的词汇。此类题目主要通过了解全文的人物、时间、地点等信息后，再分析句子和句子之间的关系，段落和段落之间的关系来解题。 (1)句中逻辑关系 (2)句间逻辑关系 句间逻辑关系通常

17、用表示转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词体现。有时候也可以通过渗透到篇章结构层面，在句子与句子之间表现出来。 【练习5】ThemanwhohadhisbrightlightsoncameoverandtoldLarryhehadmadeanemergencycall. They50heardawomansvoicecomingfromthewrecked(毁坏的)vehicle. 50A . thenBagainCfinallyDeven 七、词汇复现【例4】Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go

18、 further. The （1）you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually save your money or can add to the cost.A. form B. fashion C. way D. method【归纳总结】完形填空的文章虽短，但却是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇，所讨论的是同一主题，所以行文中的替代现象和词语重复是不可避免的。词汇的复现是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、反义词、概括次等出现在语篇中，句子通过这种复现得到了相互衔接。完形填空的某个空白处的答案可能就是上下文复现的相关词，据此

19、可快速找到正确答案。1. 原词复现2. 近义词或同义词复现3. 反义词复现【练习6】When you revise, you change aspects of your work in response to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.55.A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh八、对文化情景和知识的考查【例6】Myhusbandwasorderedoutonalongtermduty，andIwasleftinati

20、nyshack(棚屋)alone . Theheatwas23almost125Fevenintheshadeofacactus(仙人掌) 23A . inflexibleBincomprehensible CuncontrollableDunbearable 【归纳总结】要求考生能够积极调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，尤其是东西方文化的差异，巧妙地加以运用，加强对题目的分析和判断。 增长见闻，多看各种主题的报纸、文章 【练习7】Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These

21、 are all 21 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want lies somewhere else instead.21.A. public B. traditional C. official D. special九、总结与应用【课堂总结】【课后作业】A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41 along 165 north after delive

22、ring to one of his 42 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from t

23、he extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52

24、until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if h

25、e was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the womans life.41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing42. A. passengers B. colleagues C. employers

26、D. customers43. A. Since B. Although C. As D. If44. A. each B. another C. that D. his45. A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam46. A. used B. disabled C. removed D. abandoned47. A. got hold of B. prepared C. took charge of D. controlled48. A. came down B. came through C. came in D. came over49. A. ret

27、urned B. received C. made D. confirmed50. A. then B. again C. finally D. even51. A. Starting B. Parking C. Passing D. Approaching52. A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm53. A. for B. so C. and D. but54. A. explode B. slip away C. fall apart D. crash55. A. as if B. unless C. in case D. after56. A. stepped forward B. backed off C. moved on D. set out57. A. woman B. police C. man D. driver58. A. forbidden B. ready C. asked D. free59. A. for certain B. for consideration C. reported D. checked60. A. patience B. skills C. efforts D. promise