八年级下学期期中复习docx.docx

1、八年级下学期期中复习docx八年级下学期期中复习（一）一.重点词汇1.in the futurein the future意为“将来，一段时间之后的事”；in future意为“今后”，可解释为from now on,如：The little boy didnt know what he would do in the future, but he did know that he wouldnt talk with Bob in future because they had just had a big fight.小男孩儿不知道将来要做什么，但他的确知道他今后不会再和Bob说话了，因为他

2、们刚 打了一架。2.fall （过去式：fell；过去分词：fallen）fall down 跌倒，例如：He fell down to the ground.fall in love with 爱上某人或某物，例如：He fell in love with her.fall into 掉入，例如：He fell into the river.fall onto 跌倒在.之上，例如：He fell onto the ground from his bike.fall off 从.跌落下来，例如：He fell off his bicycle.3.talk的用法talk about sth.意思

3、是“谈论某事”，例如：Now lets talk about your homework.现在我们来谈谈你的作业。talk with sb.意思是“和某人交谈”，例如：My mother is talking with my English teacher.我妈妈在和我的英语老师交谈。talk to sb.意思是“对某人谈”,例如：The teacher is talking to the students.老师在对学生们谈话。talk over sth.作“讨论某事”解，宾语是代词时须位于副词over之前，例如：They talked over the matter at table.他们吃

4、饭时讨论了这个问题。give a talk意思是“作一个报告”注意要表示“告诉某人某事时，须用tell sb. about sth.这样的结构。4.argue with sb 齐口 discussargue重在就自己的看法、立场提出论证说理，以说服他人。而discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分，如：I argued with him for a long time, but he refused to listen to reason.我和他辩论了好久，但他拒不服理。The women were discussing hats.女人们在谈论帽子。argue的常见搭配有：a

5、rgue on / about sth.就.进行辩论argue with sb. about sth.就某事与某人一起辩论5.enough足够的，充足的”enough作为形容词放在名词之前，起修饰名词作用，作为副词修饰形容词或副词放置其 后，常用于：be+ adj.+enough to do sth.的句型，意为“足以能 ”，如：She has drunk enough water/water enough.她已经喝了足够的水。Im strong enough for this work,我够强壮，足以能胜任这项工作。The boy is not old enough to go to sch

6、ool.这孩子不够上学的年龄。He runs fast enough. No one can catch up with him.他跑得足够的快。没人能赶得上他。另外,enough前除可用quite外，一般不用修饰；enough作名词用时，表示“足够，充足”, 如：The man never has enough.这个人永远不知足。Pve had enough, thank you.我吃饱了，谢谢。6.find, find out 和 look forfind表示“找到，认为，觉得”，强调动作的结果。常指找到丢失或忘掉的东西，如：Jim couldnt find his hat.吉姆找不着帽子

7、了。I cant find my book.我找不到我的书。look for意为“找，寻找”是持续性动词，强调动作，不表示结果，如：She is looking for her son.她正在找她的儿子。Pm looking for my watch.我正在寻找我的手表。比较：He can5t find his pen.他找不到他的钢笔了。What are you looking for?你在干什么？Tm looking for my maths book. I can5t find it.我正找我的数学书，我找不到了。find out作经过打听，询问后搞清楚，弄明白。或指“查明”的动作，“经

8、过调查”发现， 查明真相，如：I can find out the truth of the fact.我能查出事实的真相。7.be angry with sb； be angry at sth(1)表示对某人生气，可以说 be/get/become angry with sb.也可说 be/get/become angry at sb.前者更普遍，后者更侧重于：“对某人的言行生气气如：Mother got angry at (with) me only because I had broken a precious cup.妈妈对我发火，只是因为我打破了一只贵重的杯子。I was very

9、(rather) angry at what he said.我对他所说的话非常生气。(2)表示因某事生气，可说 be/get/become angry at sth.也可说 be/get/become angry about sth.如：He was angry at (about) what I said.他对我所说的感到生气。She was angry at being kept waiting.她因别人让她久候而生气。8.on the tree 和 in the tree表示“在树上，既可以用on也可以用in,但用的词不一样，所隐含的意思也就不一样：in the tree通常表示所提物

10、体不是树上长出来的，而是挂在、落在或是停歇在树上，如:The birds are singing in the trees.鸟在树上唱歌。The child is staying in the tree.小孩呆在树上。on the tree通常表示所提物体是树上长出来的部分，如：They are busy picking the apples on the trees.他们正忙着摘树上的苹果。There arent many oranges on the tree. 这棵树上桔子不多。9.the same. as 同.一样的sameadj.同一的，相同的，如：Meet me at the sa

11、me time tomorrow,明天的这个时间和我见面。pron.同样的事物，如：I would do the same again.我愿意重做一次。the same.as同 一样的，表示与as后的事物很相像，但并不是同一个，如：Your pen is the same as mine.你的钢笔和我的一样。the same . that = one and the same同 一样的，表示与as后的事物完全一致，完全一样，如：He was wearing the same shirt (that) he*d on the day before.他穿的那件衬衫，是他前一天穿过的同一件衬衫。I

12、went out the same way (that) Id got in.我顺着进来的原路出去了。10.help with+n. = help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事，如：He often helps me with my English.= He often helps me to study English.他经常帮助我学习英语。11.bored 和 boring.bored表示被动的含义，例如：I feel bored about it.它使我感到乏味。boring表示主动的含义，例如：It is very boring to study English.学习

13、英语很无聊。12.surprise 动词使惊奇，如：You surprise me!你吓了我一跳！surprise还可以作为名词“惊奇，吃惊”；“可惊的事情，意外的事情”。作为“令人吃惊的事 情，意外的事情”是可数名词，如：What a surprise!多么令人吃惊的事！Dont tell him about the present 一 its a surprise.不要告诉他礼物的事，这是件意想不到的礼物。surprising形容词“令人吃惊的”，表示主动的含义，如：They have heard the surprising news.他们听到了那惊人的消息。(3)surprised 形

14、容词“感到惊讶的”，表示被动的含义，如：I am surprised at you.我对你的举动感到诧异。(4)to ones surprise使某人非常惊奇的是，如：To my surprise, I found him sing well.使我吃惊的是他歌唱得很好。二.重点结构There be结构变形：在there be结构中还可把be改变从而使得there be结构有了一些改变, 具体总结如下：1.There used/seem/happen/appear to be, 如：There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪。There appeared to be

15、nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙。There used to be a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房。There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有个人在此经过。There doesnt seem to be much hope.好像没有太大的希望。2.在there be的be前还可以加上各种情态词，如：There must be something wrong. 一定有问题。There ought not to be so many people. 不应该有这么多的人。There might still be

16、 hope. 可能还有点希望。3.特殊的表达方式：(1)There is no sense in doing. 做某事是没有用的，没有意义的There is no sense in making him angry. 跟他生气是没有用的。There in no sense in going alone. 一个人去是没有好处的。(2)There is no need to do. 没有必要做某事There is no need to worry, 没有必要担心。There is no need to give him so much money.根本没有必要给他那么多的钱。(3)There is

17、 thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer.据报道，找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法。(4)There is no doing (口语)不可能 There is no telling when he will be back. 无法知道他什么时候回来。There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么。八年级下学期期中复习（二）1.重点词汇1.different kinds of意为“不同种类的”，“各种各样

18、的，等于all kinds of, kinds of后面接可数或不可数名词 均可。kind有两个词性：1)kind作名词,意为“种类”。如：There are many kinds of animals in the zoo.动物园里有很多种动物。2)kind作形容词，意为“和善的，友好的”。如：Its very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好了。2.advice意为“劝告，意见，忠告”等，是不可数名词，前不加冠词。可用ua piece of advice”，“pieces of advice”的结构来表示数量。与advice搭配的动词短语有：ask sb. f

19、or advice 向某人征求意见follow/take sbs advice 遵从某人的劝告give sb. some advice 给某人提出建议如：The doctor gave us some advice on how to improve our health.医生对如何提高我们的身体素质提出了一些建议。3.辨析 leave 和 forget这两个词都有“遗忘，忘记”的意思，但用法不同，注意区别。1) leave+sth.+sp.指把某物遗忘在某地”如：I left my notebook in the classroom.我把笔记本忘在教室里了。2) forget to do s

20、th.指“忘记去做某事” forget doing sth.指“忘记做过某事”如：I forget to tell her about it.我忘了把这件事告诉她。I forgot telling her about it.我忘记曾把这件事告诉过她。4.in hospital该短语译为“住院”，hospital前面无冠词，表示抽象概念。而短语“in the hospital”则译为“在医院里”，并非生病住院之意。在英语中，介词和一些单数名词连用，可以表示抽象概念。如at school 上学go to school 上学go to bed 上床睡觉in/ out of jail 坐牢/出狱5.t

21、ake a day off该短语译为“休一天假”。off表示缺席、不在、不工作或责任的免除，如：You mustnt take a day off just because you want to see a football match.你不能只是为了想看一场足球赛而休息一天。I think I will take the afternoon off, because I get sick.我想我下午要休假，因为我实在是病了。6.be mad at.4对 非常愤怒，恼火”,如：They were mad at missing the train.没赶上火车，他们气得发疯。mad还可以和其他的

22、介词搭配构成一些短语。如：be mad about对 狂热，着迷；go mad u发疯，疯了”。7.bring.to.4把.带到.来”。其反义词组为“take.to.”，即“把.带到.去”，如:It is raining heavily outside. Take an umbrella with you.外面正在下雨，随身带把伞吧。Please bring the long ruler here, and take the short one away.请拿把长尺子到这儿来，把这把短的带走。Mum, please bring the English book and the CDs to s

23、chool. I need them for my English class.妈妈，请把英语书和CD碟带到学校来。我上英语课时要用的。8.be supposed to为“认为必须;认为应该；认为 必要”，如：Am I supposed to clean all the rooms?我必须打扫所有的房间吗？You are supposed to pay the bill by Friday.你最晚在星期五必须结清这笔账。9.remindremind及物动词，意为“提醒，使记起，使想起。”remind + doing sth.和remind sb. of sth.都可以表示“提醒某人做某事情如：

24、Please remind him closing the window when he goes to school.他去上学的时候，记得提醒他关窗户。10.make money 赚钱，挣钱。make money=earn money 赚钱如：He makes money by fishing.他靠打鱼赚钱。11.hard 与 hardlyhard为副词，意思是“努力地，费力地，辛苦地”，如：He works hard.他努力工作。hardly否定副词，意思为“几乎不”，表示否定含义，如：He works hardly.他几乎不工作。12.response相当于answer, reply,但

25、是比这两个词的用法要正式。常用于词组response to sb./sth/4回复某人或某事”，注意to在这里是介词，它后面要跟名 词或代词。如：Ive had no response to his letter.我还没有给他回信。13.be good at 和 do well in这两个词组都意为“擅长 善于.七be good at侧重于惯常的行为，do well in侧重于具体的事情，指做某事做得好，但是 现在这两个词组用法的区别日益缩小，通常可以互换。be good at的比较级是be better at,反义词组是be weak in；do well in的比较级是do better

26、in,反义词组是do badly in。如：I am good at English composition.You must do well in this test.2.重点结构1.It seems that.是一个固定句型，“看来，似乎是，好像”的意思。相当于“主语+ seem+ to do”, 如果动词不定式为to be +形容词时，to be往往省略。如：It seems that she is very sad.她似乎很难过。=She seems (to be) very sad.It seems that he likes his new job.他看起来很喜欢他的新工作。=He

27、 seems to like his new job.It seems that与人称代词连用，意为：“感到好像，觉得似乎”，如：It seems to me that it will snow.我看要下雪。2.What*s wrong (with sb./ sth.)?Whats wrong?的意思是“怎么啦？”，用于询问发生了一件什么事情，也可以在whats wrong的后面接一介词短语，询问某人或某物出了什么问题。如：一 Whats wrong?怎么回事？一 I dont know.我不知道。一 Whats wrong with your bike, Jake?你的自行车怎么啦，Jake

28、?一 It is broken,我的车坏了。There is something wrong with his leg.他的腿出了 毛病。类似的表达方法还有：Whats the matter (with sb./ sth.)?Whats the trouble (with sb./ sth.)?Whats up?3.It is + adj. / n. + for sb. to do sth.,做某事对某人来说 ，在这个句型中真正的主语是动 词不定式，也就是to do sth.是真正的主语，而it只是形式主语，如果不强调对某人的影响，可以 省略for sb.如：Its very good for

29、 you to read more English books.多读些英语书对你来说是很有益处的。It is quiet surprising to hear the news.听到这个消息确实很震惊。4.If +一般现在时句子，主语+一般将来时。这是我们初中学习阶段中比较重要的结构，是if引导的条件状语从句。这里最关键的是 要注意从句与主句的时态。如：If he is ill, he won5t go to school.如果他生病了，就不会上学了。练习：1.单项选择1.There5s with my bike, I hurt myself.A.wrong somethingB.someth

30、ing wrongC.anything wrongD.wrong anything2.Im not sure whether Mrs Susan . If she , please call me.A.comes ； comesB.will come； comesC.comes； will comeD.will come； will come3.Its nice to go a walk a spring evening.A.for, onB.at, onC.to, onD.to, in4.Dont open your books your teacher tells you.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.then5. English people like drinking tea with sugar and milk.A.So do Chinese peopleB.So are we ChineseC.We like it, tooD.Oh, we dont6.We all helped him with his English so he didnt with his study.A.fall offB.fall downC.fall behindD.fall over7.When class began, we stopped to the teache